scholarly journals MICROBIAL COMMUNITY OF THE ASKINSKAYA CAVE

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
A.S. Ryabova ◽  
◽  
L.Y. Kuzmina ◽  
N.F. Galimzyanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Cladosporium Herbarum ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Geomyces Pannorum

The cave Askinskaya (Askynskaya, Ledyanaya) contains the largest perennial hydrogenic ice in the territory of the Southern Urals. It is shown that the soil and horizontal hydrogenic ice are the main reservoirs for storing microorganisms in the cave, and the microbial pool is replenished mainly due to recreational load, but natural ways – rain, melt water and air from the surface also make a certain contribution. From all the ecotopes of the cave (soil, water occurrences, rock surfaces and aerial environment), 72 species of microscopic fungi (D – 0.69), sterile forms and yeast were isolated. Yeast fungi and species of Geomyces pannorum (d – 0.83), Acremonium charticola, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium aurantiuogriseum were found in all ecological niches with a high frequency of abundance / occurrence. The greatest variety of microscopic fungi is observed in the air (57 species), most species are introduced from the surface, settle on walls, ice, soil and, due to low temperatures, retain their viability in the cavity for a long time.

Microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of Argentine Islands Region: Data from the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
T. O. Kondratiuk ◽  
T. V. Beregova ◽  
I. Yu. Parnikoza ◽  
S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽  
A. Thell
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Rhodotorula Rubra ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
Geomyces Pannorum ◽  
Active Substances

The identification of the diversity of microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of the Argentine Islands in specimens collected during the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition was the purpose of this work. Samples of rock, soil, mosses and lichens of rock micro-habitats of “Crustose lichen sub-formation and fruticose lichen and moss cushion sub-formation” were used in the work. These samples were used for extracting and cultivation of filamentous fungi on dense nutrient media. Determination of physiological and biochemical characteristics and identification of yeast-like fungi were performed using a microbiological analyser ‘Vitek-2’ (‘Bio Merieux’, France). Cultivation of microorganisms was carried out at temperatures from +2 to +37 °C. In results cultures of microscopic fungi of Zygomycota (Mucor circinelloides), Ascomycota (species of the genera cf. Tlielebolus, Talaromyces), representatives of the Anamorphic fungi group (Geomyces pannorum, species of the genera Alternaria, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Cladosporium) were isolated from Antarctic samples. Microscopic fungi Penicillium spp. were dominated after the frequency in the studied samples (54.5%). Rhodotorula rubra and Candida sp. among isolated yeast fungi, and dark pigmented fungi represented by Aureobasidium pulhdans and Exophiala spp. were identified. The biological properties of a number of isolated fungi (the potential ability to synthesise important biologically active substances: melanins, carotenoids, lipids) are characterised. Mycobiota of rock communities of Argentine Islands is rich on filamentous and yeast fungi similarly to other regions of Antarctica. A number of fungi investigated are potentially able to synthesise biologically active substances. The dark pigmented species of the genera Cladosporium, Exophiala, Aureobasidium pulhdans, capable of melanin synthesis; ‘red’ yeast Rhodotorula rubra (carotenoid producers and resistant to toxic metals); Mucor circinelloides and Geomyces pannorum, lipid producers, are among these fungi. Yeast-like fungi assimilated a wide range of carbohydrates, which will allow them to be further used for cultivation in laboratory and process conditions. The collection of technologically promising strains of microorganisms, part of the Culture Collection of Fungi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ukraine), is updated with isolated species (strains) of filamentous fungi and yeast – potential producers of biologically active substances, obtained within this study.

MUSEUM OF ARCHEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF THE IEI UFRC RAS: CREATION AND DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
R.M. MUKHAMETZYANOVA-DUGGAL ◽  
◽  
D.A. KAMALETDINOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the research is the experience of creating and functioning of the Museum of Archeology and Ethnography of the R.G. Kuzeev Institute of Ethnological Research of the UFRC RAS (MAE IEI UFRC RAS), which is an integral part of the academic museum network formed in the second half of the twentieth century. For a long time, the museum has been exhibiting objects that demonstrate the results of archaeological and ethnographic research in the field of studying the history and culture of the peoples of the Southern Urals. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of the creation of the museum, to consider its development to date; to analyze the main directions of work and the results of museum activities, as well as to determine the specifics and prospects for the development of museum activities of the IEI of the UFRC RAS. In the course of the research, the names of scientists and specialists who participated in the formation of collections are named, information about the acquisition of museum funds and state accounting of objects is provided, the features of exposition activity are highlighted, the most interesting exhibitions and current work in this direction are noted, the implementation of excursion activities is shown, the results of project work are highlighted and the most significant projects are described. Attention is also paid to the results of research activities based on archaeological and ethnographic funds, since this work makes a significant contribution to the development of historical science.

ORTHODOX COLLECTIONS IN THE FUNDS OF THE MUSEUM OF ARCHEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF THE IEI UFRC RAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
R.M. MUKHAMETZYANOVA-DUGGAL ◽  
◽  
D.A. EFIMOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article analyzes the quantitative and qualitative composition of the collection of the Museum of Archeology and Ethnography of the R.G. Kuzeev Institute for Ethnological Research of the UFRC RAS (MAE IEI UFRC RAS) related to Orthodoxy. It is noted that these items were collected as a result of ethnographic expeditions, donations and purchases, are stored and studied for a long time. The article provides information about the history of the appearance, methods of use, as well as what these objects carried and carry meaning in the religious life of the peoples of Bashkortostan. The conclusion is formulated, according to which, the objects of religious cults from the collection of the MAE are mainly represented by material and pictorial documents. Pictorial sources include icons depicting St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the Tabyn Mother of God, especially revered in the Southern Urals, saints and sculptural images of the crucifixions of Christ. The material or material sources include crosses (body, altar), items of church utensils, vestments of priests, etc. In general, the objects of religious cults of the peoples of the Southern Urals are a kind of document, evidence reflecting the historical past of the region. The introduction of museum sources into scientific circulation, their comprehensive study will significantly expand and supplement the source base of research. At the same time, the development of the main problems of preservation, use and interpretation of these sources should become the subject of independent scientific research, which can make a significant contribution to the understanding of the cultural heritage of the Southern Urals, Bashkortostan in particular.

scholarly journals Possible pathways for the formation of flora and macromycetes of floodplain forests of the Ural River within Western Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
S.A. Abiev ◽  
◽  
T.E. Darbayeva ◽  
A.N. Sarsenova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Floodplain Forests ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Modern Distribution ◽  
Western Kazakhstan ◽  
Long Time

The article deals with the historical reconstruction of flora and macromycetes of the floodplain forests of the Ural River. The length of the entire river is 2428 km, over 1000 km in Western Kazakhstan. Floodplain forests are developed in three genetic parts: riverbed, central and near-terrace. Primary and derivative forests are distinguished according to the forest structure. The leading factor in the formation of the Ural River valley is geology and relief, in connection with which 4 natural regions have been identified for their floristic (630 plant species) and mycological diversity (77 macromycetes species). The course of evolution and transformation of the floromycological composition of forest communities is analyzed according to the composition of historical formations. In the studied region, 13 suites were identified in the understanding of G.M. Zozulin, among them, 6 suites that stand out well in modern floodplain forests are considered in more detail. When establishing the formations, the character of the modern distribution of species, there was considered their cenotic confinement, genetic relationships of individual species, the rhythm of development, and the vitality of species in the community. The process of the formation of the floromycological complex of floodplain forests is based on relict and migratory elements, enriched, and settled from the Southern Urals, as well as from the valley of the left tributaries of the Volga and Common Syrt. The formation of which took a long time from the Miocene to the Holocene.

Methods for Ensuring High Quality of Coding of Cause of Death

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Startsev ◽  
P. Dimov ◽  
B. Grosche ◽  
F. Tretyakov ◽  
J. Schüz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Automatic Coding ◽  
The Impact

Summary Background: To follow up populations exposed to several radiation accidents in the Southern Urals, a cause-of-death registry was established at the Urals Center capturing deaths in the Chelyabinsk, Kurgan and Sverdlovsk region since 1950. Objectives: When registering deaths over such a long time period, quality measures need to be in place to maintain quality and reduce the impact of individual coders as well as quality changes in death certificates. Methods: To ensure the uniformity of coding, a method for semi-automatic coding was developed, which is described here. Briefly, the method is based on a dynamic thesaurus, database-supported coding and parallel coding by two different individuals. Results: A comparison of the proposed method for organizing the coding process with the common procedure of coding showed good agreement, with, at the end of the coding process, 70 – 90% agreement for the three-digit ICD -9 rubrics. Conclusions: The semi-automatic method ensures a sufficiently high quality of coding by at the same time providing an opportunity to reduce the labor intensity inherent in the creation of large-volume cause-of-death registries.

scholarly journals To the Issue of Anthropological Contacts Between the Populations of the Srubnaya and Alakul Cultures of the Late Bronze Age in the Southern Urals and Western Kazakhstan Steppes

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
Alexander Khokhlov ◽  
Egor Kitov ◽  
Yulia Kapinus
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Foreign Population ◽  
Western Kazakhstan ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Burial Grounds ◽  
The Bronze Age

Introduction. The work focuses on anthropological materials of the border between two areals: the Srubnaya and Alakul cultures of the Bronze Age. New data is based on the burial grounds of the Kozhumberdy type of the Alakul culture from Western Kazakhstan. Methods and materials. The authors compare the craniological series which are formed according to the geographical localization of the monuments and modern archaeological ideas about their cultural interpretation. Analysis. As a result of statistical analysis, the craniological series of the Srubnaya and Alakul cultures are morphologically quite close, but the latter show higher variability of characteristics. More close to each other are samples of female skulls which show that the formation of physical characteristics of these populations occurred on a single anthropological substrate. Initially, carriers of different caucasoid complexes, mainly of steppe origin, and in a small proportion of the uraloid ones took part in the process. The populations of the Srubnaya and Alakul cultures for a long time interacted with each other. This is reflected in the materials of syncretic Srubnaya-Alakul monuments, as well as in the craniological characteristics of the population of these cultural entities. Judging by morphological features of the skulls, the eastern group of the Alakul population also contacted the collectives of the Fedorovo version of the Andronovo culture of Kazakhstan. The participation of any groups of Central Asian origin in the composition of Alakul populations is not denied, but if it took place, it was most likely of a secondary nature due to the incorporation of certain representatives of a foreign population. Results. The results and conclusions of this work should be used in historical reconstructions of the processes of the formation, development and extinction of the Bronze Age archaeological communities in the area of the VolgaUrals and Western Kazakhstan.

The first data on possible Mezozoic magmatism within the Western slope of the Southern Urals

2018 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
A. O. Khotylev ◽  
N. B. Devisheva ◽  
Al. V. Tevelev ◽  
V. M. Moseichuk
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Isotopic Age ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Early Proterozoic ◽  
Carbonate Formations ◽  
Two Bodies

Within the Western slope of the Southern Urals, there are plenty of basite dyke complexes of Riphean to Vendian among Precambrian terrigenous-carbonate formations. In metamorphic formations of the Taratash complex (Archean to Early Proterozoic, the northern closure of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium) there was observed the andesitic dyke with isotopic age of 71±1 Ma (U-Pb SHRIMP II on zircons) and near Bakal two bodies of gabbroids with zircons of similar ages were found. These are the first evidence of possible Mezozoic magmatism in this region.

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