Industry of the Astrakhan region during the Great Patriotic War

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-4) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Sergey Vinogradov ◽  
Yuliya Eshchenko
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
World War ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Look

Based on a large number of archival documents, some of which are being put into scientific circulation for the first time, and the latest works of Russian historians and specialists on World War II, the article gives a new look at the role of the economy of the Astrakhan district/region during the Great Patriotic War. The authors came to the conclusion that the Soviet leadership managed to effectively dispose of the natural resources and geopolitical position of this territory, thereby strengthening the country’s military and economic potential.

scholarly journals Hungarian Troops in World War II: The Bitter Truth of Archival Documents and an Attempt at Revision

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Krausz
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
World War ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of

This study analyses how Hungarian historiography reflects the revision of the results of the Great Patriotic War. From the position of the ideas of totalitarianism, Hungarian historian Krisztián Ungváry equals the roles of Nazi Germany and the USSR played in World War II, thus equating the two regimes. A number of Hungarian historians distort the role of the Hungarian occupation army in the genocide on Soviet territory and falsify the history of the partisan war, ignoring the peculiar annihilative character of the Nazi war in the East. Ungváry completely overlooks the fundamental differences between the fates of German and Soviet prisoners of war. This study aims to provide a brief overview of the reasons for this distorted approach. The second part of the publication mostly focuses on the falsification of sources and the neglect of objective statistics. The neglect of documents from Russian archives in national Hungarian historiography, caused by misunderstood patriotism, is capable of not only splitting public opinion but is also very distant from the principles of academic scholarship.

scholarly journals The role of Anglo-German Naval Agreement in escalation of crisis trends of the Versailles system (based on the materials of new archival documents)

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Alexander Naumov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
World War ◽  
Systemic Mechanism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Archival Documents

This article reviews the role of Anglo-German Naval Agreement of 1935 in escalation of crisis trends of the Versailles system. Leaning on the British Russian archival documents, which recently became available for the researchers, the author analyzes the reasons and consequences of conclusion of this agreement between the key European democratic power and Nazi Reich. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the moods within the political elite of the United Kingdom. It is proven that the agreement became a significant milestone in escalation of crisis trends in the Versailles model of international relations. It played a substantial role in establishment of the British appeasement policy with regards to revanchist powers in the interbellum; policy that objectively led to disintegration of the created in 1919 systemic mechanism, and thus, the beginning of the World War II. The novelty of this work is substantiated by articulation of the problem. This article is first within the Russian and foreign historiography to analyze execution of the Anglo-German Naval Agreement based on the previously unavailable archival materials. The conclusion is made that this agreement played a crucial role in the process of disintegration of interbellum system of international relations. Having officially sanctioned the violation of the articles of the Versailles Treaty of 1919 by Germany, Great Britain psychologically reconciled to the potential revenge of Germany, which found reflection in the infamous appeasement policy. This launched the mechanism for disruption of status quo that was established after the World War I in Europe. This resulted in collapse of the architecture of international security in the key region of the world, rapid deterioration of relations between the countries, and a new world conflict.

scholarly journals Human in the world of culture: the great patriotic war in the historical and cultural heritage of northeast of Russia (on the example of Yakutia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Saassylana Sivtseva ◽  
Olga Parfenova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
World War ◽  
Public Places ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
Human Losses

The historical and cultural heritage, expressed in monuments, architectural structures, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War, today is significant. The purpose of the article is to determine the role of society in perpetuating the memory of the Great Patriotic War. The authors conclude that the events of World War II find a lively response from the public. At the same time, new tendencies in commemorative practices are traced - tragic pages of history that until recently were “uncomfortable” (and in Soviet times banned for research), such as human losses, extremely high mortality of the civilian population from hunger, forcibly transferred to special settlements, - began to be reflected in the construction of monuments, memorable places. The location of these monuments is specific - they were erected at a certain distance from public places, at the territories of churches (victims of famine, victims of political repressions), which is associated with the predicted ambiguity of their perception.

Communism and anti-Communism in early Cold War Italy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Mariuzzo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
Western Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
And Diffusion

The struggle in projects, ideas and symbols between the strongest Communist Party in the West and an anti-Communist and pro-Western government coalition was the most peculiar founding element of the Italian democratic political system after World War II. Until now, most historians have focused their attention on political parties as the only players in the competition for the making of political orientations and civic identities in Italian public opinion. Others have considered Italian political struggle in the 1940s and 1950s in terms of the polarisation between Communism and organized Catholicism, due to the undoubted importance of the Church in Italian culture and social relations. This book enlarges the view, looking at new aspects and players of the anti-Communist ‘front’. It takes into account the role of cultural associations, newspapers and the popular press in the selection and diffusion of critical judgements and images of Communism, highlighting a dimension that explains the force of anti-communist opinions in Italy after 1989 and the crisis of traditional parties. The author also places the case of Italian Cold War anti-Communism in an international context for the first time.

scholarly journals The Geography of Interstate Resource Wars *

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Caselli ◽  
Massimo Morelli ◽  
Dominic Rohner
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Interstate Conflict ◽  
World War ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Interstate Conflicts ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Framework

Abstract We establish a theoretical and empirical framework to assess the role of resource endowments and their geographic location in interstate conflict. The main predictions of the theory are that conflict is more likely when at least one country has natural resources, when the resources in the resource-endowed country are closer to the border, and, in the case where both countries have natural resources, when the resources are located asymmetrically vis-à-vis the border. We test these predictions on a novel data set featuring oilfield distances from bilateral borders. The empirical analysis shows that the presence and location of oil are significant and quantitatively important predictors of interstate conflicts after World War II.

Deep memory during the Crimean crisis

Target ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneleen Spiessens
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
World War ◽  
Internet Portal ◽  
Memory Work ◽  
Ww Ii ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Crimean Crisis

Abstract In Russian media and statements by Kremlin officials, the current war in Ukraine is regularly imagined through the lens of World War II. Protection of ethnic kins in Crimea against their local “fascist” government is even invoked to justify the annexation of the peninsula in March 2014. A narrative analysis of a corpus consisting of 770 English and French newspaper articles and 39 translations demonstrates how the Russian news translation website InoSMI re-interprets Western reports on the Crimean crisis by triggering “deep memory” (Wertsch 2008a, 2008b) of the Great Patriotic War. Through selective appropriation, translation shifts and manipulation of visual material, the internet portal highlights particular aspects of the WW II narrative template that activate simplified schemata opposing Russian “patriots” and Ukrainian “fascists.” The paper thus underscores the role of news translation as ideological memory-work.

scholarly journals To the 75th anniversary of appellation the name of the Red Army Main Military Hospital to the 1st Moscow Communist Military Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Kryukov ◽  
Daniil Korabelnikov ◽  
Marina Ovchinnikova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
World War ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
Red Army ◽  
History Of

To the 75th anniversary of appellation the name of The Red Army Main Military Hospital to The 1-st Moscow Communist Military Hospital the history of Moscow hospital opening in 1706-1707 was briefly described. Scientific and medical breakthroughs and increasing role of the hospital as a medical, educational and scientific institution for a Red Army military medical service in 1917-1945 was shown in more details. It also included intensive complicated hospital operation period during The Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 (as a part of World War II).

Organization and Activities of the Military Tribunals of the Leningrad Front during the Defense of Leningrad

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
N. A. Petukhov ◽  
◽  
Yu. M. Kuntsevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
World War ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Soviet People ◽  
Military Tribunal ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
Legal Training

75 years passed after the end of the Great Patriotic War, during which the Soviet people made the main contribution to the victory over the worst enemy of mankind – Hitler Germany. It is necessary to remember this and keep forever for future generations the heroic deeds and exploits of the Soviet people in the harsh years of World War II. This article on a large factual archival material comprehensively describes the activities of the military tribunal of the Leningrad Front in the conditions of the Great Patriotic War. For the first time, issues such as the formation of military tribunals of the front, the organization of military judicial work, the forms and methods of legal training of judges and the interaction of the tribunals with the Military Council of the Leningrad Front were reflected.

Doctor of souls and bodies: patriot, participant of Great Patriotic War Archbishop Luka

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Elizaveta I. BAULINA ◽  
Vladimir A. USKOV
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Operating Table ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Party State

The purpose of the study is an attempt to give an objective picture of the relationship between the party-states of the AUCP(b)-USSR and the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War. We support the principle that history is a Man in it, focuse attention on the fate and activities of Archbishop Luke of Tambov and Michurinsk (V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky). The study used methods of content analysis, comparison and research of processes from “themselves”. This allowed to form a picture of the relationship between the Archbishop of Tambov and Michurinsk Luka with the party-state of the AUCP(b)-USSR during the Great Patriotic War on the basis of archival documents and the memoirs of eyewitnesses. We made an attempt to understand the difficult position of the patriot shepherd, who fulfilled his duty as a doctor of souls and bodies in the conditions of World War II with the enemy external and the struggle against the ideological, internal – ruling party-state. Archbishop Luke was an opponent of the party-Soviet system in the USSR during the first half of the 20th century and at the same time a patriot of his homeland, an effective participant in the Great Patriotic War. This allows us to draw the following conclusions: a) in the conditions of a military alternative, the patriot Archbishop Luka performed the feat of a doctor and a shepherd for the benefit of Victory; b) the tragedy of the Motherland and flock led him to give up personal accounts with the party-state of the AUCP(b)-USSR in the name of Victory; c) the participation in this war of Archbishop Luka – thousands of saved Soviet soldiers on the operating table and huge financial donations to the Victory fund; d) the son of his homeland, he tried in every possible way to protect the spirituality of his flock from the ideological and organizational pressure of militant atheism; e) the humanism of Archbishop Luke was in his execution of the oath of Hippocrates, when he healed captured soldiers and officers of the enemy army.

At the Fringes of the Stalinist Mobilising Society

2018 ◽  
pp. 255-288
Author(s):  
Jeronim Perović
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Red Army ◽  
State Mobilization

In order to understand Moscow’s decision to deport the Chechens and other North Caucasians in 1943-4, it is essential to analyze the situation as it presented itself to the Soviet leadership during the late 1930s and early 1940s. The topics covered in this chapter include an in-depth analysis of the functioning of Chechen society and politics, including the role of traditional clan and family structures; the difficulties of the various state mobilization campaigns, namely the effort to mobilize soldiers for the Red Army; the situation in the Chechen-Ingush republic during World War II and the phenomenon of desertions and anti-Soviet rebellions.

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