scholarly journals Gender-based wage discrimination and the backlash effect in recruitment and dismissal processes Experimental evidence from Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Adamus ◽  
Eva Ballová Mikušková
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Wage Discrimination ◽  
Sales Manager ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Vignette Study ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
Male Workers

A sample of 155 HR managers participated in an experimental vignette study. In Task 1, they evaluated three CV resumes in terms of the applicants’ competence, hireability, likeability and wage proposal of three applicants applying for a regional sales manager post. Half of the sample received CVs presented as females’ and half as males’, otherwise the CVs were identical. Generally, male and female applicants were evaluated similarly in terms of competence and hireability. Average and worst male applicants were evaluated as less likeable than identical females. However, wages offered to female applicants were significantly lower than those offered to male applicants. We were unable to identify moderators of the phenomenon other than female HR managers driving the effect. In Task 2, participants were showed a set of vignettes presenting six employees (3 men and 3 women) preselected to be dismissed due to the economic crisis. Apart from basic demographics, the employees were described in terms of age, years in the company and frequency of absences. Again, we switched employees’ gender for half of the sample. We have found that HR managers are more likely to dismiss male employees and that they are particularly unforgiving to male workers with frequent absences.

A Socio-pragmatic Analysis of Taboo Language Using Animal Names in Facebook Messenger in the Jordanian Setting: A Gender-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-430
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Taboo Words ◽  
Animal Names ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Way

The current paper aimed to investigate taboo language using animal names in Facebook Messenger in the Jordanian setting based on the context where it appeared. A total of (100) male and female university students answered a questionnaire devised to examine the way how students use taboo language. It was noticed that "pig" recorded the highest frequency of occurrence comprising (11.59) of the total number of the taboo words followed by "dog" and "bitch". Important differences were observed in the frequency and use of taboo words by male (68. 8 %) and female (32.2%) students. The study explained the reasons why such words were deemed taboo in the Jordanian setting taking into consideration the socio-cultural and religious norms of the society. The study also concluded that taboo language was used to express different themes such as humor, relaxation, anger and abuse. Keywords: Taboo Language, Gender Differences, Themes, Socio-Pragmatic, Facebook Messenger.

scholarly journals Personal Strivings as Markers of Adolescents’ Quality of Life: a Gender Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Shilpi Aggarwal ◽  
Prof. Punam Midha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gender Comparison ◽  
Community Belonging ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Personal Strivings ◽  
Purposive Sample

Adolescence is a very complex and crucial phase of life, where teenagers are caught up in their own web of personal strivings, such as the issues of being, belonging and becoming. Such strivings play a pivotal role in determining their quality of life. Further whether these intrinsic motives (i.e. 3Bs being, belonging and becoming) are being influenced by gender stereotypes is a big issue for the psychologists to explore. Thus the current study is an attempt to explore and compare the levels of being, belonging and becoming (comprising of overall QOL) among male and female adolescents. A purposive sample of 98 adolescents aged 16-18 years, both male (n=44) and female (n=54) was drawn from the colleges of Rewari and Gurgaon districts of Haryana. For measuring personal strivings, Quality Of Life Profile for Adolescent Version Questionnaire (Raphael, Rukholm, Brown, Hill-Bailey & Donato, 1996) was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess the levels of being, belonging and becoming and overall quality of life and gender comparison was done on these variables. Results indicated adequate level of personal strivings leading to overall good quality of life among adolescents (total as well as in both male and female separately). Both males and females have similar levels of quality of life. However, females superseded males in spiritual being and community belonging.

scholarly journals Gender Asymmetry of Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students in Russia and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Ullah Abid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Excess Number ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

Entrepreneurship is now considered to be an urgent solution for handling large pools of young graduates around the world. These crucial situations where universities are creating an excess number of graduates as compared to jobs availability increase the pressure on graduates as well as policy makers and educators. Entrepreneurship in this case does not only handle the burden of the unemployed among the youth but also positively improves the economic development of the country’s economy. In becoming entrepreneurs, graduates do not only create jobs for themselves but for other as well and play a vital role in the development of the economy. This paper explains gender-based entrepreneurship intentions amongst students of Russia and China (3 universities in China, 3 in Russia). A questionnaire was developed to find the impact of different behavior factors on male and female students of Russia and China. In terms of methodology, the quantitative technique was used to collect the data. The entrepreneurial spirit is explained after analyzing the data from three universities in each country. The six universities numbering 468 student respondents were analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. To find out the association amongst different variables, multiple regression and correlation technique were used. The results also show an association of gender with entrepreneurship in students in both countries. However, in case of Russia male respondents showed higher intention than female respondents. To maintain the same role of male and female members in the society, development suggestions for educators and policy makers are presented.

scholarly journals Kanmani Gunasekaranin Vandhaarankudi Puthinam Kattum Sadangugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (S-1) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Sabarinathan M
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Newborn Baby ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The People ◽  
Cradle To Cradle

Man has lived by various rituals since before he tried to live a civilized life. As civilization grows, all living beings are living their lives trapped within the triad of 'pati, pasu, pasam'. Just as cultivation brought the lands under its control for good growth, and all weeds were all removed and well cultivated, so too for an organism to grow well, our ancestors sowed the good and destroyed the evil and led a life of living with culture. There, rituals are included and guide the lives of the people. Rituals are generally divided into two types of rituals, pleasure rituals and suffering rituals. The nature of the rituals is revealed by classifying the rituals celebrated in the festivals as rituals performed in the Mangala event and the rituals performed in the Mangala event as the rituals performed in the Mangala event. And music and drama are well developed in rituals. Due to the economic crisis at the Mangala event, musical instruments such as the trumpet were reduced, but musical instruments called 'drums' were forced into the funeral ceremonies of the Mangala event. Rituals are the color of life in every human being who lives within the confines of 'arrogance, vanity, delusion'. Women play an important role in rituals. Various rituals take place, from putting the newborn baby in the cradle to experiencing various pleasures due to karma during their lifetime and burying them in the ground. The cradle-to-cradle and naming ceremony rituals are the same for the newborn male and female. For women, the yellow bathing ceremony and bracelet events are considered to be unique to women. Wedding ceremonies and death ceremonies come and go in everyone's life and go after its reaction. According to Kanmani Gunasekara's novel 'Vandarangudi', the study reveals that people are practicing rituals and worshiping God with devotion without harming the culture.

scholarly journals An Observational Study Of Verbal And Nonverbal Communication In Female And Male University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Aliyah Ali ◽  
Shagufta Nasreen ◽  
M. Abuzar Wajdi
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Contact Distance ◽  
Power Difference ◽  
Communication Differences ◽  
Gender Based

Gender based sociological and linguistic studies show that differences exist in communication style of men and women, boys and girls. Although many gender stereotypes have changed with modernization and awareness about gender issues however common assumption is that ‘girls are talkative’ and boys are ‘less emotional’. In the context of transitions in culture and society, this study explored verbal and nonverbal communication differences among male and female university students. Using purposive sampling method, male and female students were observed in three types of groups sitting at different social spots in University of Karachi. In total 30 male and 30 female students were observed for verbal and nonverbal communication. The units of observations were Paralanguage (words, pitch, volume, speaking rate) for verbal communication and gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, distance and space when sitting and standing. Results showed that overall both boys and girls were talkative and used slang language within same sex groups. However, the topic of discussion was personal for girls and politics for boys. Females kept a space and distance while sitting and standing as compared to boys. Within groups, male and female student’s body language showed superiority. The study has limitations therefore generalization of results for other gender-typed situations are not promising. Future studies could examine in other situations where status and power difference exist within relationships.

scholarly journals From Big Bang to Big Gap? Potential Links Between Agency-Communion Orientation and Perception of Creativity in Computer Science

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
Marta Kwaśnik
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gender Based

AbstractThis study provides preliminary data on the dynamic role of participants’ agency-communion orientation in their perception of fictional students’ agency, communion and creativity, depending on descriptions of stereotypical and unstereotypical traits and behaviours. I propose that a stereotypically masculine description (i.e. more agentic) will boost the male’s - but not the female’s - perceived creativity. Polish students majoring in computer science (N = 108) read short stories about male and female interns at an IT company. Participants assessed the interns’ agency, communion and creativity. The results demonstrated that the image of the agentic man as well as the participants’ agentic-orientation are significant predictors of a male’s perceived creativity. The findings are discussed in terms of the gender-based nature of the agency-communion concept.

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