scholarly journals Inter-Sentential Patterns of Code-Switching: A Gender-Based Investigation of Male and Female EFL Teachers

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Ajmal Gulzar ◽  
Muhammad Umar Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Umer
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Gender Based

A Socio-pragmatic Analysis of Taboo Language Using Animal Names in Facebook Messenger in the Jordanian Setting: A Gender-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-430
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Taboo Words ◽  
Animal Names ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Way

The current paper aimed to investigate taboo language using animal names in Facebook Messenger in the Jordanian setting based on the context where it appeared. A total of (100) male and female university students answered a questionnaire devised to examine the way how students use taboo language. It was noticed that "pig" recorded the highest frequency of occurrence comprising (11.59) of the total number of the taboo words followed by "dog" and "bitch". Important differences were observed in the frequency and use of taboo words by male (68. 8 %) and female (32.2%) students. The study explained the reasons why such words were deemed taboo in the Jordanian setting taking into consideration the socio-cultural and religious norms of the society. The study also concluded that taboo language was used to express different themes such as humor, relaxation, anger and abuse. Keywords: Taboo Language, Gender Differences, Themes, Socio-Pragmatic, Facebook Messenger.

scholarly journals Personal Strivings as Markers of Adolescents’ Quality of Life: a Gender Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Shilpi Aggarwal ◽  
Prof. Punam Midha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gender Comparison ◽  
Community Belonging ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Personal Strivings ◽  
Purposive Sample

Adolescence is a very complex and crucial phase of life, where teenagers are caught up in their own web of personal strivings, such as the issues of being, belonging and becoming. Such strivings play a pivotal role in determining their quality of life. Further whether these intrinsic motives (i.e. 3Bs being, belonging and becoming) are being influenced by gender stereotypes is a big issue for the psychologists to explore. Thus the current study is an attempt to explore and compare the levels of being, belonging and becoming (comprising of overall QOL) among male and female adolescents. A purposive sample of 98 adolescents aged 16-18 years, both male (n=44) and female (n=54) was drawn from the colleges of Rewari and Gurgaon districts of Haryana. For measuring personal strivings, Quality Of Life Profile for Adolescent Version Questionnaire (Raphael, Rukholm, Brown, Hill-Bailey & Donato, 1996) was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess the levels of being, belonging and becoming and overall quality of life and gender comparison was done on these variables. Results indicated adequate level of personal strivings leading to overall good quality of life among adolescents (total as well as in both male and female separately). Both males and females have similar levels of quality of life. However, females superseded males in spiritual being and community belonging.

scholarly journals Instructors’ ideas on the use of code-switching in EFL in Turkey: A case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Engin Evrim Onem
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Language Classrooms ◽  
Foreign Language Instructors ◽  
Teaching Ideas

Abstract   Code switching is a very common phenomenon in EFL language classrooms. The goal of this case study is to find out the possible reasons why EFL instructors employ code switching in ELT classes in Turkey. To achieve this, a brief questionnaire composed of the most common seven reasons mentioned in the relevant literature on code switching in language classrooms was compiled by the researcher and administered to ten EFL teachers working at different state universities in Turkey. The participants were asked to rank order the reasons from the most ideal to the least ideal purpose of employing code switching in classrooms for themselves and were later asked to write the reasons for their choices. It was found that “leaving no confusion about the topic” was the most common reason for the participants and the teachers who prioritized that reason seemed to have similar ideas about employing code switching in EFL. Discussion of the results and implications for future research are presented. Keywords: Code switching, language teaching, ideas about code switching, foreign language instructors.    

scholarly journals Gender-based wage discrimination and the backlash effect in recruitment and dismissal processes Experimental evidence from Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Adamus ◽  
Eva Ballová Mikušková
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Wage Discrimination ◽  
Sales Manager ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Vignette Study ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
Male Workers

A sample of 155 HR managers participated in an experimental vignette study. In Task 1, they evaluated three CV resumes in terms of the applicants’ competence, hireability, likeability and wage proposal of three applicants applying for a regional sales manager post. Half of the sample received CVs presented as females’ and half as males’, otherwise the CVs were identical. Generally, male and female applicants were evaluated similarly in terms of competence and hireability. Average and worst male applicants were evaluated as less likeable than identical females. However, wages offered to female applicants were significantly lower than those offered to male applicants. We were unable to identify moderators of the phenomenon other than female HR managers driving the effect. In Task 2, participants were showed a set of vignettes presenting six employees (3 men and 3 women) preselected to be dismissed due to the economic crisis. Apart from basic demographics, the employees were described in terms of age, years in the company and frequency of absences. Again, we switched employees’ gender for half of the sample. We have found that HR managers are more likely to dismiss male employees and that they are particularly unforgiving to male workers with frequent absences.

scholarly journals Gender Asymmetry of Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students in Russia and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Ullah Abid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Excess Number ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

Entrepreneurship is now considered to be an urgent solution for handling large pools of young graduates around the world. These crucial situations where universities are creating an excess number of graduates as compared to jobs availability increase the pressure on graduates as well as policy makers and educators. Entrepreneurship in this case does not only handle the burden of the unemployed among the youth but also positively improves the economic development of the country’s economy. In becoming entrepreneurs, graduates do not only create jobs for themselves but for other as well and play a vital role in the development of the economy. This paper explains gender-based entrepreneurship intentions amongst students of Russia and China (3 universities in China, 3 in Russia). A questionnaire was developed to find the impact of different behavior factors on male and female students of Russia and China. In terms of methodology, the quantitative technique was used to collect the data. The entrepreneurial spirit is explained after analyzing the data from three universities in each country. The six universities numbering 468 student respondents were analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. To find out the association amongst different variables, multiple regression and correlation technique were used. The results also show an association of gender with entrepreneurship in students in both countries. However, in case of Russia male respondents showed higher intention than female respondents. To maintain the same role of male and female members in the society, development suggestions for educators and policy makers are presented.

scholarly journals Perceptions of EFL and non-EFL teachers about EFL teacher’s code switching

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Alexandra Miranda Chacón ◽  
Natalia Sofía Murillo Pereira ◽  
José David Rodríguez Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Efl Teachers

scholarly journals An Observational Study Of Verbal And Nonverbal Communication In Female And Male University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Aliyah Ali ◽  
Shagufta Nasreen ◽  
M. Abuzar Wajdi
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Contact Distance ◽  
Power Difference ◽  
Communication Differences ◽  
Gender Based

Gender based sociological and linguistic studies show that differences exist in communication style of men and women, boys and girls. Although many gender stereotypes have changed with modernization and awareness about gender issues however common assumption is that ‘girls are talkative’ and boys are ‘less emotional’. In the context of transitions in culture and society, this study explored verbal and nonverbal communication differences among male and female university students. Using purposive sampling method, male and female students were observed in three types of groups sitting at different social spots in University of Karachi. In total 30 male and 30 female students were observed for verbal and nonverbal communication. The units of observations were Paralanguage (words, pitch, volume, speaking rate) for verbal communication and gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, distance and space when sitting and standing. Results showed that overall both boys and girls were talkative and used slang language within same sex groups. However, the topic of discussion was personal for girls and politics for boys. Females kept a space and distance while sitting and standing as compared to boys. Within groups, male and female student’s body language showed superiority. The study has limitations therefore generalization of results for other gender-typed situations are not promising. Future studies could examine in other situations where status and power difference exist within relationships.

scholarly journals An Exploration of Teachers' Perspectives towards Cognitive, Affective and Linguistic Teaching Principles while Teaching English as a Foreign Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-40
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Third ◽  
Teaching Principles ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Cognitive Principles ◽  
Utmost Care ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Teachers Perspectives

The study aimed at exploring EFL teachers' perspectives towards cognitive, affective and linguistic teaching principles while teaching English as a foreign language. To conduct the study, the researchers prepared a questionnaire of 30 items that was distributed into three group domains. The first group was the cognitive principles. The second one was the affective principles, and the third group was the linguistic principles. Forty-six male and female EFL teachers responded to the questionnaire's items. Suitable statistical analyses were used to analyze the data. The results of the study pointed out that EFL teachers had positive perspectives towards these teaching principles, as the analysis showed that they looked at these principles positively and they gave them their utmost care and concern. Besides, the analysis showed that the cognitive principles came in the first rank compared with the other two groups (affective and linguistic) as they got the highest mean. Moreover, the results revealed that there were no statistical significant differences, regarding gender, in the participants' perspectives towards the importance of these teaching principles while teaching English as a foreign language as the means of males and females were closer to each other. Keywords: Cognitive Principles, Affective Principles, Linguistic Principles, Foreign language.

scholarly journals From Big Bang to Big Gap? Potential Links Between Agency-Communion Orientation and Perception of Creativity in Computer Science

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
Marta Kwaśnik
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gender Based

AbstractThis study provides preliminary data on the dynamic role of participants’ agency-communion orientation in their perception of fictional students’ agency, communion and creativity, depending on descriptions of stereotypical and unstereotypical traits and behaviours. I propose that a stereotypically masculine description (i.e. more agentic) will boost the male’s - but not the female’s - perceived creativity. Polish students majoring in computer science (N = 108) read short stories about male and female interns at an IT company. Participants assessed the interns’ agency, communion and creativity. The results demonstrated that the image of the agentic man as well as the participants’ agentic-orientation are significant predictors of a male’s perceived creativity. The findings are discussed in terms of the gender-based nature of the agency-communion concept.

Gender-based differences in perceptions of male and female city council candidates

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Clyde Brown ◽  
Neil Heighberger ◽  
Peter Shocket
Keyword(s):  
City Council ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gender Based
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