scholarly journals The “replication crisis” in the public eye: Germans’ awareness and perceptions of the (ir)reproducibility of scientific research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Göran Mede ◽  
Mike S. Schäfer ◽  
Ricarda Ziegler ◽  
Markus Weißkopf
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
News Media ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Public ◽  
German Science ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
Nationally Representative

Several meta-analytical attempts to reproduce results of empirical research have failed in recent years, prompting scholars and news media to diagnose a “replication crisis” and voice concerns about science losing public credibility. Others, in contrast, hoped replication efforts could improve public confidence in science. Yet nationally representative evidence backing these concerns or hopes is scarce. We provide such evidence, conducting a secondary analysis of the German “Science Barometer” (“Wissenschaftsbarometer”) survey. We find that most Germans are not aware of the “replication crisis.” In addition, most interpret replication efforts as indicative of scientific quality control and science’s self-correcting nature. However, supporters of the populist right-wing party AfD tend to believe that the “crisis” shows one cannot trust science, perhaps using it as an argument to discredit science. But for the majority of Germans, hopes about reputational benefits of the “replication crisis” for science seem more justified than concerns about detrimental effects.

scholarly journals The “replication crisis” in the public eye: Germans’ awareness and perceptions of the (ir)reproducibility of scientific research

2020 ◽  
pp. 096366252095437
Author(s):  
Niels G. Mede ◽  
Mike S. Schäfer ◽  
Ricarda Ziegler ◽  
Markus Weißkopf
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
News Media ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Public ◽  
German Science ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
Nationally Representative

Several meta-analytical attempts to reproduce results of empirical research have failed in recent years, prompting scholars and news media to diagnose a “replication crisis” and voice concerns about science losing public credibility. Others, in contrast, hoped replication efforts could improve public confidence in science. Yet nationally representative evidence backing these concerns or hopes is scarce. We provide such evidence, conducting a secondary analysis of the German “Science Barometer” (“Wissenschaftsbarometer”) survey. We find that most Germans are not aware of the “replication crisis.” In addition, most interpret replication efforts as indicative of scientific quality control and science’s self-correcting nature. However, supporters of the populist right-wing party AfD tend to believe that the “crisis” shows one cannot trust science, perhaps using it as an argument to discredit science. But for the majority of Germans, hopes about reputational benefits of the “replication crisis” for science seem more justified than concerns about detrimental effects.

Neo-Populist Scandal and Social Media

2020 ◽  
pp. 442-459
Author(s):  
Juha Herkman ◽  
Janne Matikainen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Media Environments ◽  
Political Scandals ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyses a political scandal that occurred in Finland in 2015, when an MP of the populist right-wing Finns Party, Olli Immonen, published a Facebook update in which he used the same kind of militant–nationalist rhetoric against multiculturalism that Norwegian mass-murderer Anders Behring Breivik had used a couple of years earlier. By analyzing the content published in both social and news media, the role of social media and the relationship between news reporting and social media are explored by analyzing the progress of the scandal. The analysis indicates the prominent role of social media as being a starting point for scandal and for keeping scandal in the public eye, serving as forums for supporters and opponents of the scandalized politician. The relationship between social and news media seems symbiotic in this case because both of them fed and inspired each other during the scandal. However, further research is needed to fully understand the role of social media in scandals linked to north and west European populist right-wing parties, as well as political scandals occurring in different political contexts and media environments.

scholarly journals You are fake news: political bias in perceptions of fake news

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander van der Linden ◽  
Costas Panagopoulos ◽  
Jon Roozenbeek
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Fake News ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Fox News ◽  
The Us ◽  
News Effect

Although the rise of fake news is posing an increasing threat to societies worldwide, little is known about what associations the term ‘fake news’ activates in the public mind. Here, we report a psychological bias that we describe as the ‘fake news effect’: the tendency for partisans to use the term ‘fake news’ to discount and discredit ideologically uncongenial media sources. In a national sample of the US population ( N = 1000), we elicited top-of-mind associations with the term ‘fake news’. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find evidence that both liberals and conservatives freely associate traditionally left-wing (e.g. CNN) and right-wing (e.g. Fox News) media sources with the term fake news. Moreover, conservatives are especially likely to associate the mainstream media with the term fake news and these perceptions are generally linked to lower trust in media, voting for Trump, and higher belief in conspiracy theories.

Trans-mediatized terrorism: The Sydney Lindt Café siege

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saira Ali ◽  
Umi Khattab
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
News Media ◽  
Moral Panic ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Exclusion ◽  
Media Narratives

This article presents an empirical analysis of the Australian media representation of terrorism using the 2014 Sydney Lindt Café siege as a case in point to engage with the notion of moral panic. Deploying critical discourse analysis and case study as mixed methods, insights into trans-media narratives and aftermath of the terrifying siege are presented. While news media appeared to collaborate with the Australian right-wing government in the reporting of terrorism, social media posed challenges and raised security concerns for the state. Social media heightened the drama as sites were variously deployed by the perpetrator, activists and concerned members of the public. The amplified trans-media association of Muslims with terrorism in Australia and its national and global impact, in terms of the political exclusion of Muslims, are best described in this article in the form of an Islamophobic Moral Panic Model, invented for a rethink of the various stages of its occurrence, intensification and institutionalization.

scholarly journals Credibility of Avalanche Warnings

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (94) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knox Williams
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
News Media ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Working Relationship ◽  
The Public ◽  
Avalanche Warning

AbstractAvalanche warnings can provide a valuable public service. To be effective, the warning program must inspire public confidence. Experience gained from the Colorado Avalanche Warning Program is used to develop guidelines for establishing and maintaining credibility. The topics discussed arc the requirements for a good forecaster, the working relationship between forecaster and field observers, relations with the news media and the public, and forecast accuracy.

scholarly journals Credibility of Avalanche Warnings

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (94) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knox Williams
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
News Media ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Working Relationship ◽  
The Public ◽  
Avalanche Warning

AbstractAvalanche warnings can provide a valuable public service. To be effective, the warning program must inspire public confidence. Experience gained from the Colorado Avalanche Warning Program is used to develop guidelines for establishing and maintaining credibility. The topics discussed arc the requirements for a good forecaster, the working relationship between forecaster and field observers, relations with the news media and the public, and forecast accuracy.

scholarly journals Social work and the media: A collaborative challenge

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deb Stanfield ◽  
Liz Beddoe
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
News Media ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Socially Responsive

The news media play a substantial role in providing the public with information about social workers, the people they serve and the public perception of issues affecting vulnerable people. This information provides a platform for public discussion and performs a key role in making public opinion about what social workers do and how well they do it. Negative and inaccurate news reporting undermines public confidence in service provision, profoundly challenges the professionalism of social workers, thereby increasing risk to the vulnerable. Resolving this conflict is challenging; social workers and journalists each have motivations, accountabilities and structural issues thatlead to the inaccurate media portrayal of social work-related stories. This article focuses on the potential of interprofessional education to better manage these barriers, producing socially responsive journalists, media savvy social workers and a collaborative approach towards social justice and democracy. It offers a sampling of interprofessional education projects between schools of social work and journalism, and makes a case for further study in New Zealand.

Neo-Populist Scandal and Social Media

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Herkman ◽  
Janne Matikainen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Media Environments ◽  
Political Scandals ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyses a political scandal that occurred in Finland in 2015, when an MP of the populist right-wing Finns Party, Olli Immonen, published a Facebook update in which he used the same kind of militant–nationalist rhetoric against multiculturalism that Norwegian mass-murderer Anders Behring Breivik had used a couple of years earlier. By analyzing the content published in both social and news media, the role of social media and the relationship between news reporting and social media are explored by analyzing the progress of the scandal. The analysis indicates the prominent role of social media as being a starting point for scandal and for keeping scandal in the public eye, serving as forums for supporters and opponents of the scandalized politician. The relationship between social and news media seems symbiotic in this case because both of them fed and inspired each other during the scandal. However, further research is needed to fully understand the role of social media in scandals linked to north and west European populist right-wing parties, as well as political scandals occurring in different political contexts and media environments.

scholarly journals Explicating the Values-Issue Consistency Hypothesis through Need for Orientation

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Valenzuela ◽  
Gennadiy Chernov
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Need For Orientation ◽  
Nationally Representative

The values-issues consistency hypothesis posits that when the issues covered in the news resonate with people’s values, the power of the news media in setting the public agenda is stronger. However, we know little about the process by which values influence the agenda-setting process. We argue that the need for orientation (NFO) is a key mediating variable of the relationship between values and issue salience. To test this proposition, we conducted two studies: an experiment to examine the causal relationship between values, NFO, and issue salience, and a secondary data analysis of a nationally representative survey, in order to test the generalizability of the experiment’s results. Both studies provide support for the mediating role of NFO, further advancing research on the psychology of agenda setting effects.L’hypothèse de cohérence entre valeurs et problèmes (values-issues consistency hypothesis en anglais) propose que quand les thèmes abordés dans les nouvelles ont résonance avec les valeurs des personnes  le pouvoir des médias dans l’établissement de l’agenda public est plus fort. Cependant, nous savons peu sur le processus par lequel les valeurs  influencent l’établissement de l’agenda setting. Nous soutenons que la nécessité d’orientation (NFO en anglais) est une variable médiatrice clé de la relation entre les valeurs et la proéminence de certains thèmes.  Pour tester cette proposition, nous avons développé  deux études: 1) une expérience pour examiner le lien de causalité entre les valeurs, NFO, et la proéminence de thèmes; 2) et une analyse secondaire des résultats de un sondage nationale où il a été utilisé un échantillon représentative. Les deux études soutient le rôle médiateur de la nécessité d’orientation (NFO), faire progresser la recherche sur la psychologie des effets de agenda setting.

scholarly journals Data archiving for dissemination within a Gulf nation

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Brian Washington Mandikiana ◽  
Lois Timms-Ferrara ◽  
Marc Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Data Archiving ◽  
The Public ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Data Preservation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Datasets ◽  
Economic Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative

Since 2008, Qatar University’s Social and Economic Survey Research Institute (SESRI), has been collecting nationally representative survey data on social and economic issues. In 2017, SESRI leadership established an Archiving Unit tasked with data preservation and dissemination both for internal purposes and with the intent of disseminating select data to the public for secondary analysis.   This paper reviews the lessons learned from creating a data archive in an emerging economy where both cultural and political sensitivities exist amid varied groups of stakeholders.  Challenges have included recruiting trained personnel, developing policies for data selection and workflow objectives, processing restricted and non-restricted datasets and metadata, data security issues, and promoting usage. Additionally, there is hope that the presence of the Archiving Unit adds value for other SESRI research staff involved in the design, collection, documentation, and processing of studies. After successfully addressing these challenges over the past year, the Archive met its objective to launch a data center at the Institute’s website (http://sesri.qu.edu.qa) and to make multiple datasets available for public download from it. Also, to be discussed are the tools, processes and leveraging of resources that are being implemented as the archiving process continues to evolve.

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