Living well by letting go: Reliability and validity of a brief measure of nonattachment

There is a growing literature on nonattachment, defined as a flexible, balanced way of relating to experiences without clinging to or suppressing them. We developed a 7-item Nonattachment Scale (NAS-7) by shortening a previously validated 30-item measure (NAS; Sahdra, Shaver & Brown, 2010). NAS-7 was found to display strong psychometric properties in American and Australian samples (total N = 504), including a unidimensional factor structure and measurement invariance across different samples. The correlations of NAS-7 with other theoretically relevant constructs were virtually identical to the long-form NAS. Across different samples, NAS-7 assessed nonattachment was associated with greater autonomous regulation, self-actualization, psychological and subjective well-being, and reduced materialism and depressive symptoms. NAS-7 is a suitable alternative to the long-form NAS as it takes about half the time to complete than the long form without a substantial loss of information.

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After the bell: adolescents’ organised leisure-time activities and well-being in the context of social and socioeconomic inequalities

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2020-215319 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jech-2020-215319

Author(s):

Petr Badura ◽

Zdenek Hamrik ◽

Maxim Dierckens ◽

Inese Gobiņa ◽

Marta Malinowska-Cieślik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Total N ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Nuclear Families ◽

Lower Socioeconomic ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Health And Well Being

BackgroundPrevious research has linked adolescents’ participation in organised leisure-time activities (OLTAs) to better health and well-being. It remains unclear whether these associations can be observed consistently across social and socioeconomic strata and countries.MethodsThe present study used nine nationally representative samples of adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years (total n=55 429) from the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey from Europe and Canada. Regression models with mixed effects to account for nested nature of data were applied to estimate: (1) the associations of social and socioeconomic factors with OLTA participation; (2) strengths of the associations between breadth and pattern of OLTA participation with health and well-being indicators, after adjustment for the social and socioeconomic factors.ResultsRates of OLTA participation varied by age, sex and country of adolescents. Participants from lower socioeconomic classes and non-nuclear families were less likely to participate in OLTAs across each of the nine countries. Moreover, breadth of OLTA participation was associated with higher well-being independent of socioeconomic status or family structure. All of the participation patterns were associated with higher life satisfaction, but sports (either alone or in combination with a non-sport OLTA) were also associated with fewer psychological complaints and excellent self-rated health.ConclusionAdolescents’ engagement in OLTAs was associated with adolescents’ subjective well-being regardless of country, age, sex and variance in social and socioeconomic factors. Policies aimed at increasing adolescents’ subjective well-being and OLTA participation should focus on adolescents from low socioeconomic classes and non-nuclear families.

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Operational Model and Tools for Studying Subjective Well-Being of Orphans and Children Without Parental Care

Psychological Science and Education ◽

10.17759/pse.2020250604 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 41-50

Author(s):

V.N. Oslon ◽

G.V. Semya ◽

L.M. Prokopeva ◽

U.V. Kolesnikova

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Well Being ◽

Assessment Model ◽

General Level ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Operational Model ◽

Ability Test ◽

High Statistical Significance ◽

Institutional Experience

The article presents the rationale for the theoretical construct ‘subjective well-being of orphans’, its operational model, as well as the reliability and validity of a specially designed standardized interview (SI) for measuring and assessing both the general level of subjective well-being and its specific areas (SWB).The subjective well-being of a child is viewed from the position of his/her satisfaction with the ‘system of own attitudes’ to himself, to others, to the environment, to his/her ‘chronotope’.The operational assessment model built on its basis included 10 domains that built the basis of SI. The tool was tested on a sample of 498 orphanage residents aged 13 to 17 years. Its reliability, internal consistency, correctness and validity have been proven: meaningful, constructive (Cronbach’s coefficient “α” α k = 0.741); convergent (at the level of high statistical significance, SI indicators correlate with the method of M. Rosenberg, as well as with the results of the “Vi ability” test (Osin E.N., Rasskazova E.I., screening version); criterial (correlation analysis revealed the stable relationships between indicators of subjective well-being and institutional experience (r = 0.017, p = 0.702).

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Constructing an Index for the Subjective Well-being Under Neuroleptics Scale (SWN), short form: Applying structural equation modeling for testing reliability and validity of the index

Quality of Life Research ◽

10.1007/s11136-006-0069-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 1191-1202 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Peter Schmidt ◽

Johannes Clouth ◽

Lars Haggenmüller ◽

Dieter Naber ◽

Ursula Reitberger

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Short Form ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Well Being ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Subjective Well Being

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Perceptions of Inequality and Subjective Well-Being: Connections with Political Orientation and Self-Actualization

10.31124/advance.14423795 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

William Arsenio ◽

Sweta Venkataramanan ◽

Jenna Feldman

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Political Orientation ◽

Self Report ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Online Platform ◽

Subjective Perceptions ◽

Self Actualization ◽

Perceptions Of Inequality

This study was conducted via the MTurk (online) platform. A total of 301 participants (72.4% between 18 and 40 years old, 151 female) completed self-report composite assessments of subjective well-being (SWB) and perceived inequality, and also measures of self-actualizing tendencies, and political orientation. Overall, participants who perceived higher levels of inequality had lower SWB, lower incomes, and were more politically liberal than their peers. Liberal participants also had lower incomes and lower SWB than their peers. Regression analyses revealed that higher incomes, perceiving lower inequality, and higher self-actualizing tendencies were all unique predictors of SWB, and that neither income nor political orientation moderated these findings. Finally, self-actualizing tendencies, unlike SWB, were not related to either participants’ political orientation or to their perceptions of inequality. Discussion addresses differences in the correlates of SWB and self-actualizing tendencies, and the importance of individuals’ subjective perceptions of inequality.<p></p>

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Happy to Help? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of performing acts of kindness on the well-being of the actor

10.31219/osf.io/ytj5s ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oliver Scott Curry ◽

Lee Rowland ◽

Caspar J. Van Lissa ◽

Sally Zlotowitz ◽

John McAlaney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Future Research ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Community Members ◽

Multiple Control ◽

Total N ◽

Multi Level ◽

Behavioural Sciences

Do acts of kindness improve the well-being of the actor? Recent advances in the behavioural sciences have provided a number of explanations of human social, cooperative and altruistic behaviour. These theories predict that people will be ‘happy to help’ family, friends, community members, spouses, and even strangers under some conditions. Here we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the experimental evidence that kindness interventions (for example, performing ‘random acts of kindness’) boost subjective well-being. Our initial search of the literature identified 489 articles; of which 24 (27 studies) met the inclusion criteria (total N=4,045). These 27 studies, some of which included multiple control conditions and dependent measures, yielded 52 effect sizes. Multi-level modelling revealed that the overall effect of kindness on the well-being of the actor is small-to-medium (δ = 0.28). The effect was not moderated by sex, age, type of participant, intervention, control condition or outcome measure. There was no indication of publication bias. We discuss the limitations of the current literature, and recommend that future research test more specific theories of kindness: taking kindness-specific individual differences into account; distinguishing between the effects of kindness to specific categories of people; and considering a wider range of proximal and distal outcomes. Such research will advance our understanding of the causes and consequences of kindness, and help practitioners to maximise the effectiveness of kindness interventions to improve well-being.

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Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale

Psychological Science and Education ◽

10.17759/pse.2018230601 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 5-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O.A. Sychev ◽

T.O. Gordeeva ◽

M.V. Lunkina ◽

E.N. Osin ◽

A.N. Sidneva

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

High Reliability ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Well Being ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Life Satisfaction Scale

The article presents results of developing the Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale for primary school children based on MSLSS by E.S.Huebner.The questionnaire involves five scales: Family, School, Teachers, Myself, Friends as well as an overall index of life satisfaction.The reliability and validity of the questionnaire are demonstrated on the sample of primary school children (third and fourth grades, N=483).Five factor structure is confirmed by the results of confirmatory factor analysis.All the scales have high reliability (0.82 < α < 0.89) and show expected correlations with other indicators of subjective well-being and different scales of self-esteem (as assessed by Dembo-Rubinstein technique).The article contains the text of the questionnaire and normative data for primary school children.

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Subjective Well-Being in Spanish Adolescents: Psychometric Properties of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12104011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 4011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vicente Prado-Gascó ◽

Virginia Romero-Reignier ◽

Patricia Mesa-Gresa ◽

Ana Belén Górriz

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Emotional Responses ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Negative Experiences ◽

Adolescent Population ◽

Two Samples

The scale of positive and negative experiences (SPANE) assesses emotional responses and their frequency of manifestation in recent weeks. This scale has been validated in different countries and populations but not in Spanish adolescents. The aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of SPANE in two samples: (1) Sample I included 797 adolescents (M = 15.5 years old, SD = 0.68, 54.2% female) and, (2) Sample II included 1433 adolescents (M = 13.7 years old, SD = 1.27, 53.2% female). Finally, a subsample from sample II was analyzed in different stages (after six and 12 months) with 298 adolescents (M = 13.7 years old, SD = 1.13, 58.7% female). The results obtained have adequate levels of reliability and validity that seem to justify the use of this diagnostic tool in the Spanish adolescent population.

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