scholarly journals Jurnal_TEDC Vol. 10 No. 3 September 2016

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusi Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Artificial Sweeteners ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Fixed Constant

IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN SIKLAMAT PADA MINUMANYANG DIJUAL DI PINGGIR JALAN CIHAMPELASSAMPAI JALAN BATUJAJARLusi Marlina*, Annisa Rani Sa’adah**Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Politeknik TEDC BandungJalan Pasantren Km 2 Cibabat Cimahi Utara 40513Email: [email protected] buatan adalah bahan tambahan makanan yang ditambahkan dalam makanan atau minuman untukmenciptakan rasa manis. Siklamat merupakan jenis pemanis buatan yang memiliki kemanisan 30 kali lebihmanis dari pada sukrosa. Pemakaian pemanis sintetis masih diragukan keamanannya bagi kesehatankonsumen, Beberapa negara mengeluarkan peraturan secara ketat atau bahkan melarang penggunaannya,seperti kanada sejak 1977. Batas Maksimum Penggunaan Siklamat yang diatur dalam ADI (acceptable dailyintake) atau kebutuhan per orang per hari adalah sebanyak 0 – 11 mg per berat badan per hari. Sementarakadar maksimum siklamat dalam minuman 3 gr/L. Untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan siklamat pada minumandapat menggunakan metode gravimetri. metode gravimetri adalah cara analisis kuantitatif berdasarkan berattetap (berat konstannya). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan siklamat pada minumanyang dijual di pinggir jalan. Dengan mengambil 6 sampel minuman. Pengujian dilakukan di laboratoriumteknik kimia Politeknik TEDC Bandung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian secara kuantitatif dari 6 sampel seluruhsampel terdeteksi mengandung siklamat, dengan kadar terendah 3 mg dan kadar tertinggi 14,3 mg.Kata kunci: Minuman jajanan, Pemanis Buatan, Siklamat.AbstractAn artificial sweeteners are the food additives that are added to foods or beverages to create a sweet taste.Cyclamate is a kind of artificial sweetener that has a sweetness 30 times sweeter than sucrose. The use ofartificial sweeteners is still questionable safety for the health of consumers, some countries issue regulationsstrictly or even prohibit its use, such as Canada since 1977. Limit Use of Cyclamates set out in the ADI(acceptable daily intake) or requirement per person per day is as much as 0-11 mg per body weight per day.While the maximum levels of cyclamate in drinks 3 g / L. To identify the content of cyclamate in beveragescan using gravimetric methods. gravimetric method is a method of quantitative analysis based on the weightof fixed (constant weight). This study aims to identify the content of cyclamate in drinks sold on the roadside.By taking 6 samples drinks. Tests conducted in the laboratory of chemical engineering TEDC PolytechnicBandung. Based on the results of a quantitative study of 6 samples throughout the sample is detected tocontain cyclamate, with the lowest levels of 3 mg and the highest levels of 14.3 mg.Keywords: Hawker food, An artificial sweeteners, cyclamate

Conditions for Use of Food Additives Based on a Budget for an Acceptable Daily Intake1

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
SØREN C. HANSEN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Quantitative Expression ◽  
Total Intake ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Food And Drink

Use of food additives is regulated qualitatively in the European Common Market through the EEC directives on food additives, while the concept of Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) provides a quantitative expression of safe amounts for the guidance of regulatory agencies. It is suggested that a permissible quantity or quantities, the ceiling, should be agreed upon for each permitted additive on the basis of its ADI and in accordance with the procedure described here. The estimation of intake of food and drink starts from the child, who on the basis of body weight has the highest consumption. When dealing with total intake (expressed as energy, weight or volume per kg body weight per day), occupational and climatical variations between adults are largely contained in the difference between child and adult. It is possible to calculate the highest concentration in foodstuffs which is consistent with the ADI, under the assumption that the additive occurs evenly distributed in the whole diet of a child. This concentration is called the primary ceiling. To obtain the technological effect, however, higher concentrations may be needed, and to accomodate this the ceiling may have to be raised. This can be done if the use of the additive can be excluded from or reserved for part of the diet.

Separation of Sucralose in Food Samples using Amines as Background Electrolyte Supported with DFT Calculations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bathinapatla Ayyappa ◽  
Suvardhan Kanchi ◽  
Myalowenkosi I. Sabela ◽  
Krishna Bisetty
Keyword(s):  
Background Electrolyte ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Uv Detection ◽  
Migration Time ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Buffer Concentration ◽  
Electrophoretic Method ◽  
Amine Buffers

BACKGROUND: Sucralose is a high intensity artificial sweetener sucralose and chemically known as 1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-β-D-fructofuranosyl-4-chloro-4-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranoside. It is used as a sweetener and flavour enhancer in foods and beverages. Due to its high stability at wider temperatures and pH, made its applicability in various food products throughout the world. As per Joint FAO/WHO Expert Group on Food Additives (JECFA) in 1990, the daily intake of sucralose is 0-15 mg/kg body weight. The literature reports suggest that sucralose has a possible health threat due to the presence of chlorine groups, thereby leading to the several illnesses. The growing interest on the use of SUC in the foods, makes it necessary in developing a fast, reliable, cost effective and reproducible analytical method to determine SUC in food samples. The detection of sucralose and other carbohydrates like fructose, glucose and sucrose is a challenging task owing to its: (i) unavailability of the charged functions and (ii) lack of absorption of strong chromophoric nature in the UV region. Therefore, separation of non-absorbing neutral molecules needs a careful procedure with the suitable electrolyte systems. METHODOLOGY: An indirect UV detection capillary electrophoretic method is described for the separation of sucralose in different food samples. It was achieved by nucleophile substitution (SN2) in the presence of amine as background electrolytes. The morpholine buffer showed good buffering capacity in terms of migration time (< 8.0 min) and baseline stability when compared to other amine buffers (ethylamine, piperidine, triethylamine). The analytical applications of proposed method showed by recovery percentages of sucralose in real and spiked samples on intra and inter-day basis at optimum experimental conditions of 0.2 M buffer concentration and pH 12.0 at 230 nm UV detection. RESULTS: The selection of BGE, UV detection wavelength, buffer concentration, buffer pH, cassette temperature and applied voltage were optimized to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of the separation method. Recoveries obtained were ranging from 96.87 to 98.82 % for real samples and 94.45 to 98.06 % for spiked samples respectively. Linearity was studied in the range of 2-10 mM, and showed a correlation coefficients of 0.9942 with LOD and LOQ found to be 0.3804 mg L-1 and 1.5215 mg L-1 with % RSD (n = 5) ± 1.27 and 1.19 % with respect to migration time and peak area. Furthermore, to better understand the separation of sucralose with amine buffers were investigated computationally using HOMO-LUMO calculations. The obtained results showed that the band gap decreases in the presence of amine moiety irrespective of its nature. CONCLUSION: In the study, novel background electrolytic system was successfully applied to separate sucralose using indirect UV detector with capillary electrophoresis. The FT-IR results confirmed that the interaction of sucralose with different amine buffers to better understand the separation chemistry behind sucralose and amine complexes. Moreover, computational results indicate that the direction of charge transfer from the amine functionality to the glucofuranosyl ring in each amine derivative of sucralose confirms the strong interaction between sucralose and amines, which led in the baseline separation of sucralose in different food samples.

scholarly journals Profil Plumbum (Pb) dan Cadmium (Cd) sebagai Kontaminan Dampak Penggunaan Agrokimia serta Remediasi Biji Kedelai Menggunakan Swelling Agent pada Khelasi dengan Asam Sitrat

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Sapto Priyadi ◽  
Purnama Darmaji ◽  
Umar Santoso ◽  
Pudji Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Swelling Agent ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This research were aimed to know the plumbum (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) profile on soybean seeds as contaminants of the impact use of agrochemistry material impact and to know of swelling agent of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) needs at certain level of pH in chelation with citric acid. The results showed that the content of Pb in soybean seeds at cultivation system agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.63 ppm, while cultivation system without agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.46 ppm. Cd content in soybean seeds at cultivation system agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.05 ppm and the cultivation system without agrochemistry materials i.e. 0.1 ppm. Acceptable daily intake in terms of Pb content in soybean after treatment increases to 2.93 times compared before treatment (11.3379 to 33.2099 g per body weight per day). Acceptable daily intake in terms of the content of the Cd in soybean after treatment increases to 5.26 times compared before treatment. The value of the bio-concentration factor which expressed an accumulation of Pb in soybean seeds on both cultivation is low system (BCF<250), while for Cd is a moderate to high level (1.000<BCF>250). Cd reduction on soybeans seeds for all chelation treatment was maximum (not detected-detection limits was 0.01 ppm), while the highest reduction of Pb occurs at swelling agent N, N-dimethylformamide 15 mL at pH 10.

scholarly journals Detection of DEHP in beverages sold in Canada using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Truong ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Vanessa Karakilic ◽  
Kevin Soulsbury
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

  Phthalates are a class of plasticizing chemicals used to improve the flexibility of soft plastics (1, 6, 12, 15). As such, they have drawn increased attention as food contact substances (1, 10, 14), mostly entering food items from packaging materials (1, 8, 10, 14). Even though they had been approved as indirect food additives in Europe and the U.S. (1), the discovery of high concentrations of di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP), also known as bis 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (BEHP) (12, 15), in a probiotic food product by a scientist from Taiwan in April 2011 initiated the world’s greatest health safety efforts (7). Investigators found that DEHP, along with other phthalates, were deliberately added to food products in replacement of the approved food additives, which would normally be added to emulsify the components in the drinks to achieve a natural and appealing appearance (7, 12, 15). This contamination event has been known as the 2011 Taiwan Food Scandal, where processed food items such as sports drinks, concentrated juice beverages, tea drinks, jam or jelly and food supplements were adulterated with phthalates, a harmful class of chemical compounds. Consequently, ingestion of these harmful compounds may result in adverse health affects such as endocrine disruption, malformation of reproductive organs, infertility and abnormal neurodevelopment (12). Many products made it across the border to 22 different countries (15, 17) including Canada and U.S. (17). Since then, the Taiwanese government made improvements to the food industry regulations (15, 17). This study was aimed to determine if DEHP was present, and compared to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) DEHP tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 0.05 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day (12, 17), in 30 different drinks of imported and domestic brands sold in Canada. For comparison purposes, the author completed calculations based on the average adult (over 18 years old) body weight of 70 kg, according to EFSA (41). Using liquid/liquid extraction followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), 30 beverages were tested and analyzed for the presence of DEHP. Low concentrations of DEHP was detected in 3 of the beverages and none in the other 27 beverages tested on a calibrated instrument. The concentrations detected for the 3 beverages were lower than the TDI for a 70 kg body weight. Control samples were used to ensure method validity.  

scholarly journals Artificial Sweeteners and Metabolic Syndrome: Paradox of Physiological Behavior or Neuroendocrine Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Maheswara Reddy Mallu ◽  
Kusuma Naredla ◽  
Maha Lakshmi Meesala ◽  
Kamala Vasanthi Karyamsetty ◽  
Shaheena Dudekula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Artificial Sweeteners ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Sugar Absorption ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms

Artificial sweeteners owing to their non-caloric nature were proposed as a healthful means with the prospective benefits. Epidemiological data indicate direct relationship between artificial sweetener intake and increase in body weight, glycemic status, and adiposity. Despite strong association, evidence is still lacking in establishing the causal relationship between artificial sweeteners and various risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome. In vitro studies have disclosed that artificial sweeteners similar to glucose/fructose bind to sweet-taste receptors on the tongue and intestinal mucosa stimulating enhanced sugar absorption, through glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. Human studies failed to recapitulate these effects, advocating that artificial sweeteners rather serve to promote food consumption rather than improving satiety. Therefore, enhanced         food consumption, disallowance of caloric adjustments could in some measure explain body   weight gain with the use of artificial sweeteners. However, the physiological behavior and neuroendocrine mechanisms by which the non-caloric sweeteners may stimulate appetite needs further scrutiny.

Food additives on acceptable daily intake (ADI) level affect the agonist induced platelet activation I. Antioxidants and preservatives

Chemosphere ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1293-1299
Author(s):  
Hiroyasu Yamazaki ◽  
Takako Yamaguchi ◽  
Aiko Yamauchi ◽  
Yasuo Kakiuchi
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake

Natural Occurrence of Fumonisins B1 and B2 in Corn from Three Main Production Provinces in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1374-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Z. FENG ◽  
X. H. LU ◽  
B. TAO ◽  
M. H. PANG ◽  
Y. C. LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
World Health ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Health Organization

A total of 255 corn samples collected in 2010 from three main corn production provinces of China (Liaoning, Shandong, and Henan) were analyzed for contamination with fumonisins (FB1 and FB2). The incidence of contamination was significantly higher in samples from Liaoning than in samples from the other two provinces. Approximately 80.0% of the samples from Liaoning were contaminated with fumonisins, with a mean total fumonisin concentration of 3,990 ng/g. In contrast, the mean total fumonisin concentrations were 845 and 665 ng/g in samples from Shandong and Henan, respectively. The probable daily intake of fumonisins (0.3 μg/kg of body weight) is within the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake of 2.0 μg/kg of body weight set by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives.

scholarly journals Intake of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners in Chilean Children after Enforcement of a New Food Labeling Law that Regulates Added Sugar Content in Processed Foods

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Ximena Martínez ◽  
Yazmín Zapata ◽  
Victoria Pinto ◽  
Camila Cornejo ◽  
Martje Elbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Labeling ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Consumption Frequency ◽  
Wide Range

After enforcement of a new food labeling law in 2016, Chile exhibits a greater offer to reduced sugar products with addition of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS). Many of these products are consumed by children, who are at greater risk of reaching the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of these food additives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake levels of NNS in Chilean schoolchildren after the enactment of the aforementioned law. A total of 250 Chilean children 6–12 years old were surveyed. NNS intake was assessed through a food frequency questionnaire. All children evaluated consumed at least one NNS during the previous month. Sucralose had the highest consumption frequency reaching 99.2%, followed by acesulfame-K (92.8%), stevia (86.0%), and aspartame (85.2%). Aspartame showed the highest median intake, which came mainly from beverages (96%). No children exceeded the ADI of any NNS. Smaller children exhibited a higher body weight-adjusted intake of sucralose, acesulfame-K, stevia, and aspartame (p < 0.05). In Chile, a wide range of processed foods with NNSs is available and all schoolchildren evaluated consumed at least one product containing NNS. However, this consumption does not exceed defined ADIs for any of the six sweeteners authorized for food use in Chile.

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