scholarly journals Empathy and nonattachment independently predict peer nominations of prosocial behavior of adolescents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baljinder K. Sahdra ◽  
Joseph Ciarrochi ◽  
Philip Parker ◽  
Sarah Marshall ◽  
Patrick Heaven
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Peer Nominations ◽  
Mental Resources

There is a plethora of research showing that empathy promotes prosocial behavior among young people. We examined a relatively new construct in the mindfulness literature, nonattachment, defined as a flexible way of relating to one’s experiences without clinging to or suppressing them. We tested whether nonattachment could predict prosociality above and beyond empathy. Nonattachment implies high cognitive flexibility and sufficient mental resources to step out of excessive self-cherishing to be there for others in need. Multilevel Poisson models using a sample of 15-year olds (N = 1831) showed that empathy and nonattachment independently predicted prosocial behaviors of helpfulness and kindness, as judged by same-sex and opposite-sex peers, except for when boys nominated girls. The effects of nonattachment remained substantial in more conservative models including self-esteem and peer nominations of liking.

scholarly journals When thinking you are better leads to feeling worse: Self-other asymmetries in prosocial behavior and increased anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea Helion ◽  
David V Smith ◽  
Johanna Jarcho
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Collective Action Problems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peer Reports ◽  
Better Than

Thinking one is better than peers is generally associated with positive psychological outcomes like increased self-esteem and resilience. However, this tendency may be problematic in the context of collective action problems, wherein individuals are reliant on others' prosocial behaviors to achieve larger goals. We examined this question in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, and recruited participants (n = 1022) from a university community in Spring 2020. We found evidence for a self-peer asymmetry, such that participants reported that they were doing more to stop the spread of the disease and were more prosocially motivated than peers. Actual peer reports indicated that these were overestimations. This self-enhancement tendency comes with a cost: the perceived self-peer asymmetry mediated the relationship between Covid-specific worry and general anxiety during the early lockdown period. This indicates that while believing one is doing more than others may be maladaptive in collective action problems.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND APPROVAL OF THE PROGRAM FOR REDUCING THE INFLUENCE OF LOOKISM, BEAUTYSM AND LOOKOPHOBIA IN THE YOUTH ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-457
Author(s):  
T.A. Shkurko ◽  
I.I. Drozdova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Face ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Integral Indicator

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the development and description of the results of testing a practice-oriented program for reducing the influence of lookism, beautysm and lookophobia among young people. It describes the purpose, tasks, structure of the training program and contains a case analysis and examples of exercises from individual sections of the program. The article presents data of a comparative analysis of the results of preliminary and final testing of training participants according to the Wilcoxon criterion, allowing the conclusion that the program is effective. The results show that young people having taken part in the training significantly changed themselves in the direction of increasing the intensity of self-esteem of the appearance parameters (self-esteem of the face, bodily structure, appearance decoration); the integral indicators of self-esteem: integral self-esteem of the appearance, assessment of the appearance attractiveness for the opposite sex, self-esteem of sexuality and femininity/masculinity of the appearance; the intensity of concern about their appearance significantly decreased and the satisfaction with that increased; the integral indicator of the importance of attractive appearance decreased for improving various aspects of life.

scholarly journals How Narcissism Shapes Responses to Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior: Hypo-Responsiveness or Hyper-Responsiveness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110072
Author(s):  
Jiafang Chen ◽  
Barbara Nevicka ◽  
Astrid C. Homan ◽  
Gerben A. van Kleef
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Reward And Punishment

Narcissists have a relatively higher proclivity for displaying antisocial rather than prosocial behaviors, suggesting a comparatively higher tendency for unfavorably impacting societies. However, maintenance of social order also depends on appropriate responses to others’ social behavior. Once we focus on narcissists as observers rather than actors, their impact on social functioning becomes less clear-cut. Theoretical arguments suggest that narcissists could be either hypo-responsive or hyper-responsive to others’ social behavior. Across four studies, we examined narcissists’ responsiveness to variations in others’ antisocial and prosocial behaviors. Results showed that narcissists differentiated less between others’ antisociality/prosociality, as reflected in their subsequent moral character evaluations (Studies 1–4) and reward and punishment (Studies 3 and 4). These results suggest that narcissists are hypo-responsive to others’ social behaviors. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Introduction to Special Section: Prosocial Development in Risky and Vulnerable Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199075
Author(s):  
Laura K. Taylor ◽  
Gustavo Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Prosocial Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Foundational Work

The introduction highlights a developmental perspective on children’s and youth prosocial behavior in risky and vulnerable contexts. The six empirical papers published in this Special Section are considered within a multilevel, multidimensional framework and reflect a diversity of methodological approaches. The studies each provide foundational work that informs theory, builds our knowledge base, and has important intervention implications. We highlight the contributions of each study and present recommendations for future developmental research on prosocial behaviors.

scholarly journals Risk of Sex-Specific Cancers in Opposite-Sex and Same-Sex Twins in Denmark and Sweden

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1622-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Ahrenfeldt ◽  
Axel Skytthe ◽  
Sören Möller ◽  
Kamila Czene ◽  
Hans-Olov Adami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Same Sex ◽  
Opposite Sex

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Aggression in Young People Leaving Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Canning ◽  
Elizabeth Andrew ◽  
Rhian Murphy ◽  
Julian S. Walker ◽  
Robert J. Snowden
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young People ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Relationship
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