Perceptions of love and sex in young and middle Greek adults, relationship satisfaction and duration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Kordoutis ◽  
Konstantinos Christos Daoultzis ◽  
Anthi Argyroudi ◽  
Elvira Masoura
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Lay Perceptions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Greek Adults ◽  
Two Age Groups

Sexuality is perceived either as result or prerequisite of love or as working in tandem with love in romantic relationships. Hendrick & Hendrick (2002) proposed a theory and a measure capturing the lay perceptions of the love-sex link. The PLSS (Perceptions of Love and Sex Scale) comprises four themes/subscales, Love is Most Important, Love Comes Before Sex (“love themes”), Sex is Declining, Sex Demonstrates Love (“sex themes”). We examined the validity of PLSS in the Greek context, across two age-groups, young (18-40) and middle adults (41-65), and whether the themes predicted relationship satisfaction and duration. Greek participant (N=631) in romantic relationships responded online to the PLSS and other measures of relationship constructs (e.g., passionate, companionate love, sex, satisfaction). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the PLSS maintained its fourfold structure. The PLSS sexual themes correlated more strongly with relationship constructs than love themes. Young adult women stated that Sex was Declining less than middle adult ones and reported shorter relationships than men. Irrespective of age-group, Sex is (not) Declining, Love is Most Important, and Sex Demonstrates Love predicted satisfaction. Love Comes Before Sex and Sex is Declining predicted duration among young adults. Sex is Declining was the only predictor of duration among middle adults. Our findings suggest that love and sex work in tandem but sexual themes are more important for the Greek population. The study corroborated the validity of PLSS in the Greek context, demonstrating its sensitivity to capture cultural developments in conceptions of intimacy.

Measurement Invariance of Divergent Thinking Across Gender, Age, and School Forms

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg-Tobias Kuhn ◽  
Heinz Holling
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The present study explores the factorial structure and the degree of measurement invariance of 12 divergent thinking tests. In a large sample of German students (N = 1328), a three-factor model representing verbal, figural, and numerical divergent thinking was supported. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses revealed that partial strong measurement invariance was tenable across gender and age groups as well as school forms. Latent mean comparisons resulted in significantly higher divergent thinking skills for females and students in schools with higher mean IQ. Older students exhibited higher latent means on the verbal and figural factor, but not on the numerical factor. These results suggest that a domain-specific model of divergent thinking may be assumed, although further research is needed to elucidate the sources that negatively affect measurement invariance.

scholarly journals THE ANDRONOVO AGE WOMEN’S COSTUME, BASED ON FINDS FROM MAYTAN, CENTRAL KAZAKHSTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
A. A. Tkachev ◽  
N. A. Tkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Age Category ◽  
Two Age Groups

This article describes burials of women at a Middle Bronze Age cemetery of Maytan—the only completely excavated Andronovo burial ground in the steppes of central Kazakhstan. On the basis of the location of ornaments in burials, an attempt is made to reconstruct details of costume with regard to age groups. The composition and arrangement of the individual elements of the costume indicate several decoration areas such as head; neck and chest; hands and feet. Exceptional areas are accessories (bags and boxes), belt, and lap of dress. Most ornaments mark the age category of women. There are two age groups: girls and adult women. Though many graves have been looted, a tentative reconstruction of the costume with regard to these groups is possible. Such a reconstruction is relevant to cultural tradition, ideas of beauty, and social status.

Reliability and Factor Structure in an Adolescent Sample of the Dutch 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reitske Meganck ◽  
Samuel Markey ◽  
Stijn Vanheule
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Adolescent Sample ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Tas 20

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS–20) in an adolescent sample ( N = 406, ages 12 to 17). This is rarely done even though the TAS–20 is used in adolescent research. Five published factor models were tested. For good fitting models, a second-order model with alexithymia as a higher-order factor and metric invariance across sex and age groups was tested. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the original three-factor model and a four-factor model provided acceptable fit. Both models were invariant across sex, but not across age. Second-order models did not provide good fit. Reliability was good for the “Difficulty identifying feelings” subscale and acceptable for the “Difficulty describing feelings” subscale, but not for the “Externally oriented thinking” subscale. Measuring alexithymia with the TAS–20 in adolescents thus seems problematic, especially in younger age groups.

Assessing Young Adults’ Beliefs Regarding the Importance of Romantic Relationships

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-182
Author(s):  
Nicole K. Watkins ◽  
Jonathon J. Beckmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Relationship Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Valid Assessment ◽  
Relationship Importance

In the current study, we provided initial evidence for the factor structure and validity of the Brief Measure of Relationship Importance, a new measure of young adults’ beliefs about the values and costs of being in romantic relationships. Based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, this measure consisted of two subscales: relationship desire (two items; viewing relationships as important and satisfying parts of one’s life) and relationship dismissal (four items; viewing relationships as less desirable or valuable for one’s life). Relationship desire and dismissal scores were associated with participants’ happiness with their romantic experiences, relationship satisfaction, having experienced relationship cycling, marriage intentions, and general interest in being in a romantic relationship. Therefore, we concluded that the Brief Measure of Relationship Importance provides a reliable and valid assessment of young adults’ romantic relationship attitudes. We discuss how our measure can be used in future research on young adults’ romantic relationship development.

Norming the Muses: Establishing the Psychometric Properties of the Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110083
Author(s):  
Hansika Kapoor ◽  
Roni Reiter-Palmon ◽  
James C. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Psychometric Tool ◽  
Multiple Samples

The Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale (K-DOCS; Kaufman, J. C. (2012). Counting the muses: Development of the Kaufman domains of creativity scale (K-DOCS). Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 6(4), 298-308. doi:10.1037/a0029751) is a self-report assessment of five creative domains: Everyday, Scholarly, Performance, Scientific, and Artistic. This investigation was designed to reassess the factor structure of the K-DOCS, examine its measurement invariance across men and women, and develop norms across the five domains. Data on 22,013 American participants who had completed the assessment as part of past or ongoing studies between 2012 and 2020 were collated across multiple samples. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that both five- and nine-factor solutions had superior fit compared to a one-factor solution. The models were also gender invariant, indicating that creative domains were assessed similarly across male and female samples. Norms across gender and age-groups were provided to enable future comparisons in research settings; it is not recommended to use these norms in clinical or diagnostic contexts. The investigation concluded that the K-DOCS is a robust psychometric tool for the self-assessment of creativity across domains.

Investigating the Theoretical Structure of the Differential Ability Scales—Second Edition Through Hierarchical Exploratory Factor Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan C. Dombrowski ◽  
Ryan J. McGill ◽  
Gary L. Canivez ◽  
Christina H. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Simple Structure ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Differential Ability Scales ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Principal Axis Factoring ◽  
Differential Ability ◽  
Age Range

When the Differential Ability Scales–Second Edition (DAS-II) was developed, the instrument’s content, structure, and theoretical orientation were amended. Despite these changes, the Technical Handbook did not report results from exploratory factor analytic investigations, and confirmatory factor analyses were implemented using selected subtests across the normative age groups from the total battery. To address these omissions, the present study investigated the theoretical structure of the DAS-II using principal axis factoring followed by the Schmid–Leiman procedure with participants from the 5- to 8-year-old age range to determine the degree to which the DAS-II theoretical structure proposed in the Technical Handbook could be replicated. Unlike other age ranges investigated where at most 14 subtests were administered, the entire DAS-II battery was normed on participants aged 5 to 8 years, making it well suited to test the full instrument’s alignment with theory. Results suggested a six-factor solution that was essentially consistent with the Cattell–Horn–Carroll (CHC)-based theoretical structure suggested by the test publisher and simple structure was attained. The only exception involved two subtests (Picture Similarities and Early Number Concepts) that did not saliently load on a group factor. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.

Is Future Time Perspective Multidimensional?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Aneta Przepiorka ◽  
Tomasz Jankowski ◽  
Malgorzata Sobol
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract. The aim of this research was to verify the psychometric properties of scores of the Polish version of the Future Time Perspective Scale (FTPS), developed by Carstensen and Lang (1996) . In Study 1, the sample consisted of  N = 652 participants aged 18–79 years. We performed confirmatory factor analyses to verify the dimensional structure of future time perspective and obtained a three-factor solution. In Study 2, the sample consisted of 771 participants aged 18–75 years. The results confirmed that the scores of FTPS/PL are reliable and that the FTPS/PL has the three-dimensional structure of future time perspective. The following factors were extracted: Focus on Opportunity, Focus on Life, and Focus on Time. We also tested the measurement and structural invariance of the FTPS/PL in three age groups. The results showed the FTP scale after the removal of item 4 is a measure which can be used to compare individuals differing in age. Additionally, we examined the incremental validity of FTPS/PL for life satisfaction and positive and negative affect. In Study 3, the findings showed acceptable test–retest reliability what supports the possibility of using the Polish version of the FTPS in research.

The Forensic Symptoms Inventory—Youth Version—Revised: Development and Age Invariance Testing of a Broad-Spectrum Questionnaire for Forensic Assessment

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412095355
Author(s):  
Niels Boswinkel ◽  
Joan E. van Horn
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Forensic Assessment ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Invariance Testing ◽  
Structural Invariant ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Forensic Care

Covering both individual and neuropsychological factors, the Forensic Symptom Inventory—Youth Version—Revised (FSI-YV-R) is the first broad spectrum questionnaire for adolescents in forensic care, measuring several deficits, such as executive dysfunctions, anger, and inadequate coping to enhance treatment goals and evaluate interventions. In this study, both the factor structure and the measurement and structural invariance of the FSI-YV-R were investigated. The sample consisted of 159 forensic juvenile outpatients (79.9% males and 20.1% females) aged 12 to 19 with a mean age of 16.07 ( SD = 1.57). Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analyses identified a second-order model (measuring executive functioning) and proved measurement and structural invariant across age groups (younger adolescents, 12–15 years and older adolescents, 16–18 years). Contrary to the expectations none of the FSI-YV-R subscales differentiated between younger adolescents (N = 74) and older adolescents (N = 85). These results and implications for both theory and practice are discussed.

The Structure of Social Coping among Chinese Gifted Children and Youths in Hong Kong

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gifted Children ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Social Coping ◽  
Degrees Of Equivalence ◽  
Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis

This study examined the structure of social coping across 2 age groups of 716 Chinese gifted children and youths based on 7 social coping strategies assessed by the Chinese Social Coping Questionnaire. To evaluate whether these strategies could be applied adequately to younger as well as older students, 3 models hypothesizing different degrees of equivalence across the 2 age groups were tested using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. Despite the similarities, there was suggestive evidence that the 7 social coping strategies might correlate differentially and to various degrees with each other for the two different age groups. Subsequent second-order confirmatory factor analyses separately conducted for the 2 age groups indicated that 2 overall strategies of social-interaction coping and minimizing-differences coping between self and peers encompassed the 7 specific social coping strategies. Implications of the findings, including subtle differences in the interpretation of discounting popularity by older and younger students, are discussed.

scholarly journals The Dimensionality of the Brief COPE Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110524
Author(s):  
Barbara Hanfstingl ◽  
Timo Gnambs ◽  
Christian Fazekas ◽  
Katharina Ingrid Gölly ◽  
Franziska Matzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Order Factor

The Brief COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) is a frequently used questionnaire assessing 14 theoretically derived coping mechanisms, but psychometric research has suggested inconsistent results concerning its factor structure. The aim of this study was to investigate primary and secondary order factor structures of the Brief COPE during the COVID-19 pandemic by testing 11 different models by confirmatory factor analyses and to assess differences between sex, age groups, and relationship status. Altogether, 529 respondents from Austria and Germany participated in a web-based survey. Results supported the originally hypothesized 14-factor structure but did not support previously described higher-order structures. However, bass-ackwards analyses suggested systematic overlap between different factors, which might have contributed to different factor solutions in previous research. Measurement invariance across sex, age groups, and relationship status could be confirmed. Findings suggest that cultural and situational aspects as well as the functional level should be considered in research on theoretical framing of coping behavior.

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