scholarly journals Auditing the research practices and statistical analyses of group-level temporal network approach to psychological constructs: A systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Annelise Blanchard ◽  
Alba Contreras ◽  
Rana Begum Kalkan ◽  
Alexandre Heeren
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Temporal Network ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Comprehensive View ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Network analyses have become increasingly common within the field of psychology, and temporal network analyses, in particular, are quickly gaining traction, with many of the initial articles earning substantial interest. However, substantial heterogeneity exists within the study designs and methodology, rendering it difficult to form a comprehensive view of its application in psychology research. Since the field is quickly growing and that there have been many study-to-study variations in terms of choices made by researchers when collecting, processing, and analyzing data, we saw the need to audit this field and formulate a comprehensive view of current temporal network. To systematically chart researchers’ practices when conducting temporal network analyses, we reviewed articles conducting temporal network analyses on psychological variables (published until March 2021) in the framework of a scoping review. We identified 43 articles and presented the detailed results of how researchers are currently conducting their temporal network analyses. A commonality across results concerns the wide variety of data collection and analytical practices, along with a lack of consistency between articles about what is reported. We use these results, along with relevant literature from the fields of ecological momentary assessment and network analysis, to formulate recommendations on what type of data is suited for temporal network analyses as well as optimal methods to preprocess and analyze data. As the field is new, we also discuss key future steps to help usher the field’s progress forward and offer a reporting checklist to help researchers navigate conducting and reporting temporal network analyses.

scholarly journals Use of infographics as a health-related knowledge translation tool: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046117
Author(s):  
Esther Mc Sween-Cadieux ◽  
Catherine Chabot ◽  
Amandine Fillol ◽  
Trisha Saha ◽  
Christian Dagenais
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Data Extraction Form ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
User Friendly

IntroductionEfforts to bridge the know–do gap have paved the way for development of the field of knowledge translation (KT). KT aims to understand how evidence use can best be promoted and supported through different activities. For dissemination activities, infographics are gaining in popularity as a promising KT tool to reach multiple health research users (eg, health practitioners, patients and families, decision-makers). However, to our knowledge, no study has yet mapped the available evidence on this tool using a systematic method. This scoping review will explore the depth and breadth of evidence on infographics use and its effectiveness in improving research uptake (eg, raising awareness, influencing attitudes, increasing knowledge, informing practice and changing behaviour).Methods and analysisWe will use the scoping review methodological framework first proposed by Arksey and O’Malley (2005), improved by Levac et al, and further refined by the Joanna Briggs Institute (2020). The search will be conducted in MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, Social Science Abstracts, Library and Information Science Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center, Cairn and Google Scholar. We will also search for relevant literature from the reference lists of the included publications. Two independent reviewers will select the studies. All study designs will be eligible for inclusion, with no date or publication status restrictions. The included studies will have evaluated infographics that disseminate health research evidence and target a non-scientific audience. A data extraction form will be developed and used to extract and chart the data, which will then be synthesised to present a descriptive summary of the results.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. To inform the research and KT communities, various dissemination activities will be developed, including user-friendly KT tools (eg, webinars, fact sheets and infographics), open-access publication and presentations at KT events and conferences.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Momentary Assessment Designs for Mood and Anxiety Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mila Hall ◽  
Paloma V. Scherner ◽  
Yannic Kreidel ◽  
Julian A. Rubel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Measurement Design ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Background: Altering components of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) measures to better suit the purposes of individual studies is a common and oftentimes necessary step. Though the inherent flexibility in EMA has its benefits, no resource exists to provide an overview of the variability in how convergent constructs and symptoms have been assessed in the past. The present study fills that gap by examining EMA measurement design for mood and anxiety symptomatology.Methods: Various search engines were used to identify 234 relevant studies. Items administered, data collection schedules (i.e., beeps per day), response scales (i.e., Likert), data collection platforms (i.e., apps), and psychometric properties (i.e., reliability) were extracted.Results: Study designs varied greatly in all aspects across the identified papers. Over 4,600 extracted items were qualitatively analyzed, resulting in the identification of 12 themes. The most EMA items focused on affect, with categories such as “happiness” and “tension” appearing most frequently. We provide all of our data extraction in the format of an open-source database.Limitations: Despite our best attempts to include as much of the relevant literature as possible, this review and the accompanying database are not exhaustive, but can easily be built upon to include other, newer studies.Conclusions: The fact that the affect theme featured both positive and negative emotional constructs highlights the dichotomous focus on valence and affect within the literature surrounding anxious and depressive symptomatology. We hope that our database will act as a helpful design decision-making resource for researchers studying this kind of symptomatology in the future.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42019139409).

scholarly journals Non-technical skills in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest management: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Cormack ◽  
Steve Scott ◽  
Alex Stedmon
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Literature Base ◽  
Ad Hoc Teams ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

IntroductionCurrent United Kingdom resuscitation guidance advocates the use of non-technical skills (NTS) such as teamwork, decision-making and communication for ad-hoc teams managing an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). It is unknown which NTS are advantageous or commonly used, or if there is supporting literature. This scoping review sought to establish a literature base and identify key NTS relevant to ad-hoc teams managing an OHCA.MethodsArksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework was used to perform a scoping review to identify relevant literature from the medical domain. Thematic analyses were used to identify relevant NTS in relation to OHCA management.ResultsA total of 12 articles were identified and selected for detailed analysis. The articles represented a range of study designs, with most commenting on observed simulated practice from in-hospital practice. There was a paucity of literature for NTS associated with ad-hoc OHCA teams. Three common NTS were identified: leadership, teamwork and communication, with improved team performance associated with a hands-off team leader. Barriers were also identified and included low confidence in communicating and hierarchical difficulties in resuscitation teams. Conclusion We believe this scoping review provides the first comprehensive review of its kind and identifies important knowledge gaps, NTS themes and recommendations for paramedic-led OHCA teams. Three NTS from in-hospital cardiac arrest management can be related to OHCA management, but further research is needed to identify specific NTS for ad-hoc teams managing an OHCA.  

scholarly journals Global research trends in COVID-19 with MRI and PET/CT: a scoping review with bibliometric and network analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaly Rivera-Sotelo ◽  
Raul-Gabriel Vargas-Del-Angel ◽  
Sergey K. Ternovoy ◽  
Ernesto Roldan-Valadez
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Global Research

Factors Related to Positive Memory Count Among Trauma-Exposed Individuals: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110131
Author(s):  
Ateka A. Contractor ◽  
Stephanie V. Caldas ◽  
Megan Dolan ◽  
Nicole H. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Memory Specificity ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Positive Memories

To examine the existing knowledge base on trauma experiences and positive memories, we conducted a scoping review of trauma and post-trauma factors related to positive memory count. In July 2019, we searched PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, and PTSDpubs for a combination of words related to “positive memories/experiences,” “trauma/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),” and “number/retrieval.” Twenty-one articles met inclusion criteria (adult samples, original articles in English, peer-reviewed, included trauma-exposed group or variable of trauma exposure, trauma exposure examined with a trauma measure/methodology, assessed positive memory count, empirical experimental/non-experimental study designs). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, two authors reviewed abstracts, completed a secondary search, and independently extracted data. Our review indicated (1) that depression and PTSD were most researched; (2) no conclusive relationships of positive memory count with several psychopathology (depression, acute stress disorder, eating disorder, and anxiety), cognitive/affective, neurobiological, and demographic factors; (3) trends of potential relationships of positive memory count with PTSD and childhood interpersonal traumas (e.g., sexual and physical abuse); and (4) lower positive memory specificity as a potential counterpart to greater overgeneral positive memory bias. Given variations in sample characteristics and methodology as well as the limited longitudinal research, conclusions are tentative and worthy of further investigations.

scholarly journals Use of mHealth Technology for Patient-Reported Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Adults with Acquired Brain Injuries: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2173
Author(s):  
Shannon B. Juengst ◽  
Lauren Terhorst ◽  
Andrew Nabasny ◽  
Tracey Wallace ◽  
Jennifer A. Weaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Mhealth Technology ◽  
Ecological Momentary

The purpose of our scoping review was to describe the current use of mHealth technology for long-term assessment of patient-reported outcomes in community-dwelling individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a scoping review of literature meeting these criteria: (1) civilians or military veterans, all ages; (2) self-reported or caregiver-reported outcomes assessed via mobile device in the community (not exclusively clinic/hospital); (3) published in English; (4) published in 2015–2019. We searched Ovid MEDLINE(R) < 1946 to 16 August 2019, MEDLINE InProcess, EPub, Embase, and PsycINFO databases for articles. Thirteen manuscripts representing 12 distinct studies were organized by type of ABI [traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke] to extract outcomes, mHealth technology used, design, and inclusion of ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Outcomes included post-concussive, depressive, and affective symptoms, fatigue, daily activities, stroke risk factors, and cognitive exertion. Overall, collecting patient-reported outcomes via mHealth was feasible and acceptable in the chronic ABI population. Studies consistently showed advantage for using EMA despite variability in EMA timing/schedules. To ensure best clinical measurement, research on post-ABI outcomes should consider EMA designs (versus single time-point assessments) that provide the best timing schedules for their respective aims and outcomes and that leverage mHealth for data collection.

scholarly journals Ketogenic Dietary Therapies in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Facts or Fads? A Scoping Review and a Proposal for a Shared Protocol

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2057
Author(s):  
Costanza Varesio ◽  
Serena Grumi ◽  
Martina Paola Zanaboni ◽  
Martina Maria Mensi ◽  
Matteo Chiappedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Potential Efficacy ◽  
Study Designs

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing incidence. An expanding body of literature is examining connections between ASD and dietary interventions. Existing reports suggest a beneficial effect of ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) in improving behavioral symptoms in ASD. In this context, the purpose of this scoping review was to identify and map available evidence in the literature about the feasibility and potential efficacy of KDTs in pediatric patients with ASD and to inform clinical practice in the field. Moreover, based on the resulting data from the literature review, we aimed to provide a shared protocol to develop a personalized KDT intervention in patients with ASD. A comprehensive and structured web-based literature search was performed using PubMed and Scopus and it yielded 203 records. Seven papers were finally selected and included in the review. Data were abstracted by independent coders. High variability was identified in study designs and dietary aspects emerged among selected studies. Results supported the effectiveness of KDTs in promoting behavioral improvements. Clinical recommendations on which patients may benefit most from KDTs implementation and difficulties in dietary adherence were discussed.

A scoping review of Clinical Studies, Hospital Group Reports and National Strategic Documents on vascular access devices in cancer patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110414
Author(s):  
Jennifer Clesham ◽  
Helen Reynolds ◽  
Peter J Carr
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Vascular Access Devices ◽  
Access Device ◽  
Catheter Related Infection ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Study Designs

Introduction: The extent of vascular/venous access device (VAD) research output from the Island of Ireland is unknown. The identification of the papers available is important to create a future research agenda. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to answer three questions: What is the number and descriptive quality of reported Vascular Access Device literature from the Island of Ireland? Is the reporting of Catheter Related Infection rates for cancer patients common in Irish Hospital Groups, National Cancer Reports and Publication Outputs? What are the implications for future research in this area? Methods: We used a scoping review and searched selected databases, grey literature and hospital regulatory bodies websites following the Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines 2017. A data charting form was developed based on a template from the Joanna Briggs Institute and this was used to extract data from the included reports. Results: A total of 660 reports were screened. Sixty-one full text articles were reviewed from which 20 reports were included for data extraction. Of the reports included the following designs were used: nine retrospective study designs, four guidelines, two prospective study designs, two literature reviews and one of the following; survey, case study and cross sectional analysis designs. We did not identify any randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, meta-synthesis and scoping reviews. Five studies included catheter related infection rates. Gaps in the research include the collection of data sets and the need to establish a VAD registry; develop core outcomes for VADs; assessment and evaluation of VAD care bundles among cancer patients; and, the inclusion of public and patient involvement in future VAD research. Conclusion: The reporting of VAD outcomes in published literature regarding cancer patients receiving treatment in Ireland is inconsistent and varied with no interventional studies addressing vascular access complications in cancer care.

Mental health and stigma in Saudi Arabia: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Alattar ◽  
Anne Felton ◽  
Theodore Stickley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Mental Health Stigma ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Purpose Stigma associated with mental health problems is widespread in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Consequently, this may prevent many Saudi people from accessing the mental health-care services and support they need. The purpose of this study is to consider how stigma affects people needing to access mental health services in the KSA. To achieve this aim, this study reviews the knowledge base concerning stigma and mental health in KSA and considers specific further research necessary to increase the knowledge and understanding in this important area. Design/methodology/approach This review examines the relevant literature concerning mental health stigma and related issues in KSA using the Arksey and O'Malley and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses frameworks. As a scoping review, it has used a systematic approach in literature searching. The results of the search were then thematically analysed and the themes were then discussed in light of the concepts of stigma and mental health. Findings Stigma around mental health impedes access to care, the nature of care and current clinical practice in the KSA. The voices of those with mental health issues in KSA are almost entirely unrepresented in the literature. Originality/value The review identifies that mental health stigma and cultural beliefs about mental health in KSA may act as barriers to accessing services. The voice of mental health service users in KSA remains largely unheard. If public discussion of mental health issues can increase, people’s experiences of accessing services may be improved.

scholarly journals Current challenges of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence studies among blood donors: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Saeed ◽  
Samra Uzicanin ◽  
Antoine Lewin ◽  
Ryanne Lieshout-Krikke ◽  
Helen Faddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Antibody Kinetics

Background: Blood donors are increasingly being recognized as an informative resource for surveillance. We aimed to review and characterize SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies conducted using blood donors to investigate methodology and provide guidance for future research. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed and preprint publications between January 2020 to January 2021. Two reviewers used standardized forms to extract seroprevalence estimates and data on methodology pertaining to population sampling, periodicity, assay characteristics and antibody kinetics. National data on cumulative incidence and social distancing policies were extracted from publicly available sources and summarized. Results: Thirty-three studies representing 1,323,307 blood donations from 20 countries worldwide were included (sample size per study ranged from 22 to 953,926 donations). Seroprevalence rates ranged from 0% to 76% (after adjusting for waning antibodies). Overall, less than 1 in 5 studies reported standardized seroprevalence rates to reflect the demographics of the general population. Stratification by age and sex were most common (64% of studies), followed by region (48%). 52% of studies reported seroprevalence at a single time point. Overall, 27 unique assay combinations were identified, 55% of studies used a single assay and only 39% adjusted seroprevalence rates for imperfect test characteristics. Among the eight nationally representative studies case detection was most underrepresented in Kenya (1:1264). Conclusion: As of December 11, 2020, 79% of studies reported seroprevalence rates <10%; thresholds far from reaching herd immunity. In addition to differences in community transmission and diverse public health policies, study designs and methodology were likely contributing factors to seroprevalence heterogeneity.

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