scholarly journals The trajectory of psychiatric problems following an adolescent vs. young adult onset of alcohol use disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine T. Foster ◽  
Marilyn Piccirillo ◽  
Marilyn Piccirillo ◽  
William G. Iacono ◽  
Matt McGue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Onset Timing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) most often onsets in young adulthood (YAO), but prospective studies are needed to determine whether an onset in adolescence (AO) confers a more severe trajectory of psychiatric problems (e.g., depression, antisocial behavior, and other substance use) alongside AUD in men and women.METHODS: Using a prospective approach, we compared the trajectories of psychiatric problems for men and women with an AO, a YAO, and no history of AUD from ages 17 to 29 years old. RESULTS: Both gender and AUD onset moderated linear and non-linear changes in problems from adolescence to adulthood. AO conferred the poorest adolescent and young adult adjustment relative to the same-gender control and YAO groups. Critically, onset groups were more distinct among men (i.e., AO > YAO > no AUD) than women (i.e., AO = YAO > no AUD).CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent onset of alcohol problems portends severe, broad spread problems for both men and women into adulthood. Critically, adolescent onset yields the worst psychiatric problems among men (vs. YAO) while women experience severe, persistent problems across domains irrespective of onset timing. For both genders, mitigating the long-term, cascade of problems that accompany AUD will require special attention to heterogeneity in the timing of its onset and acceleration of psychiatric problems thereafter.

scholarly journals Hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of alcohol use disorder

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0236641
Author(s):  
Kayle S. Sawyer ◽  
Noor Adra ◽  
Daniel M. Salz ◽  
Maaria I. Kemppainen ◽  
Susan M. Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Hippocampal Subfield Volumes in Abstinent Men and Women with a History of Alcohol Use Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayle S. Sawyer ◽  
Noor Adra ◽  
Daniel M. Salz ◽  
Maaria I. Kemppainen ◽  
Susan M. Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Brain Images ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Drinking History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) has been associated with abnormalities in hippocampal volumes, but these relationships have not been fully explored with respect to sub-regional volumes, nor in association with individual characteristics such as gender differences, age, and memory. The present study examined the impact of those variables in relation to hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of AUD. Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla, we obtained brain images from 67 participants (31 women) with AUD and 63 healthy control (NC) participants (30 women) without AUD. We used Freesurfer 6.0 to segment the hippocampus into 12 regions. These were imputed into mixed models to examine the relationships of brain volume with AUD group, gender, age, drinking history, and memory. The AUD group had approximately 5% smaller CA1, hippocampal tail, and molecular layer regions than the NC group. Age was negatively associated with volumes for the AUD group in the hippocampal tail, subiculum, and presubiculum. The relationships for delayed and immediate memory with hippocampal tail volume differed for AUD and NC groups: Higher scores were associated with smaller volumes in the AUD group, but larger volumes in the NC group. Length of sobriety was associated with decreasing CA1 volume in women (0.02% per year) and increasing volume size in men (0.03% per year). These findings confirm and extend evidence that AUD, gender, age, and abstinence differentially impact volumes of component parts of the hippocampus. The course of abstinence on CA1 volume differed for men and women, and the differential relationships of subregional volumes to age and memory could indicate a distinction in the impact of AUD on functions of the hippocampal tail.

scholarly journals Environmental influences predominate in remission from alcohol use disorder in young adult twins

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2421-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. McCutcheon ◽  
J. D. Grant ◽  
A. C. Heath ◽  
K. K. Bucholz ◽  
C. E. Sartor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Familial Influences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adult Twins ◽  
Alcohol Abuse And Dependence

BackgroundFamilial influences on remission from alcohol use disorder (AUD) have been studied using family history of AUD rather than family history of remission. The current study used a remission phenotype in a twin sample to examine the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences to remission.MethodThe sample comprised 6183 twins with an average age of 30 years from the Australian Twin Registry. Lifetime history of alcohol abuse and dependence symptoms and symptom recency were assessed with a structured telephone interview. AUD was defined broadly and narrowly as history of two or more or three or more abuse or dependence symptoms. Remission was defined as absence of symptoms at time of interview among individuals with lifetime AUD. Standard bivariate genetic analyses were conducted to derive estimates of genetic and environmental influences on AUD and remission.ResultsEnvironmental influences alone accounted for remission in males and for 89% of influences on remission in females, with 11% due to genetic influences shared with AUD, which decreased the likelihood of remission. For women, more than 80% of influences on remission were distinct from influences on AUD, and environmental influences were from individual experiences only. For men, just over 50% of influences on remission were distinct from those on AUD, and the influence of environments shared with the co-twin were substantial. The results for the broad and narrow phenotypes were similar.ConclusionsThe current study establishes young adult remission as a phenotype distinct from AUD and highlights the importance of environmental influences on remission.

Examining interactions between genetic risk for alcohol problems, peer deviance, and interpersonal traumatic events on trajectories of alcohol use disorder symptoms among African American college students

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1749-1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinni Su ◽  
Sally I-Chun Kuo ◽  
Jacquelyn L. Meyers ◽  
Mignonne C. Guy ◽  
Danielle M. Dick
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Peer Deviance ◽  
History Of

AbstractNumerous studies have demonstrated that genetic and environmental factors interact to influence alcohol problems. Yet prior research has primarily focused on samples of European descent and little is known about gene–environment interactions in relation to alcohol problems in non-European populations. In this study, we examined whether and how genetic risk for alcohol problems and peer deviance and interpersonal traumatic events independently and interactively influence trajectories of alcohol use disorder symptoms in a sample of African American students across the college years (N = 1,119; Mage= 18.44 years). Data were drawn from the Spit for Science study where participants completed multiple online surveys throughout college and provided a saliva sample for genotyping. Multilevel growth curve analyses indicated that alcohol dependence genome-wide polygenic risk scores did not predict trajectory of alcohol use disorder symptoms, while family history of alcohol problems was associated with alcohol use disorder symptoms at the start of college but not with the rate of change in symptoms over time. Peer deviance and interpersonal traumatic events were associated with more alcohol use disorder symptoms across college years. Neither alcohol dependence genome-wide polygenic risk scores nor family history of alcohol problems moderated the effects of these environmental risk factors on alcohol use disorder symptoms. Our findings indicated that peer deviance and experience of interpersonal traumatic events are salient risk factors that elevate risk for alcohol problems among African American college students. Family history of alcohol problems could be a useful indicator of genetic risk for alcohol problems. Gene identification efforts with much larger samples of African descent are needed to better characterize genetic risk for alcohol use disorders, in order to better understand gene–environment interaction processes in this understudied population.

scholarly journals The role of pubertal timing in the link between family history of alcohol use disorder and late adolescent substance use

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 107955
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Weigard ◽  
Jillian E. Hardee ◽  
Robert A. Zucker ◽  
Mary M. Heitzeg ◽  
Adriene M. Beltz
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
History Of

Content Analysis of Health Concerns among Housing First Residents with a History of Alcohol Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-486
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Mackelprang ◽  
Seema L. Clifasefi ◽  
Véronique S. Grazioli ◽  
Susan E. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Housing First ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Assessment of alcohol use disorder and its associated factors among alcohol users of medical and surgical outpatients attending a specialized hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Berhanu Boru ◽  
Getachew Tesfaw ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients to intervene in the future. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured at a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 34.5% with a 95% CI (29.20, 39.80) among study participants. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol use for relaxation and lifetime cigarette smoking need more attention during the assessment of patients in the medical and surgical outpatient departments.

scholarly journals Self-reported late effects and long-term follow-up care among 1889 long-term Norwegian Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Survivors (the NOR-CAYACS study)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Mellblom ◽  
C. E. Kiserud ◽  
C. S. Rueegg ◽  
E. Ruud ◽  
J. H. Loge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Follow Up Care ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Young Adult Cancer

Abstract Purpose The majority of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors (CAYACS) are at risk of late effects but may not receive long-term follow-up care for these. Here, we investigated (1) self-reported late effects, (2) long-term follow-up care, and (3) factors associated with receiving follow-up care in a population-based sample of Norwegian long-term CAYACS. Methods Survivors were identified by the Cancer Registry of Norway. All > 5-year survivors diagnosed between 1985 and 2009 with childhood cancer (CCS, 0–18 years old, excluding CNS), breast cancer (BC, stages I–III), colorectal cancer (CRC), leukemias (LEUK), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), or malignant melanoma (MM) at age 19–39 years were mailed a questionnaire (NOR-CAYACS study). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to analyze occurrence of late effects, long-term follow-up care for these, and associated factors. Results Of 2104 responding survivors, 1889 were eligible for analyses. Of these, 68% were females, with a mean age of 43 years at survey, on average 17 years since diagnosis, and diagnosed with CCS (31%), BC (26%), CRC (8%), NHL (12%), LEUK (7%), and MM (16%). Overall, 61.5% reported the experience of at least one late effect, the most common being concentration/memory problems (28.1%) and fatigue (25.2%). Sixty-nine percent reported not having received long-term follow-up care focusing on late effects. Lower age at survey (p = 0.001), higher education (p = 0.012), and increasing number of late effects (p = < 0.001) were associated with increased likelihood of follow-up care in the multivariate model. Conclusions The majority of survivors reported at least one late effect, but not receiving specific follow-up care for these. This indicates a need for structured models of long-term follow-up to ensure adequate access to care.

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