scholarly journals Neuronal noise to identity confusion - association between long-range temporal correlations in intrinsic EEG activity and subjective sense of identity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumi Sugimura ◽  
Yasuhiro Iwasa ◽  
Ryota Kobayashi ◽  
Tatsuru Honda ◽  
Junya Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Noise Suppression ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Temporal Consistency ◽  
Identity Confusion ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
Intrinsic Brain Activity

The long-range temporal correlation (LRTC) in resting-state intrinsic brain activity is known to be associated with temporal behavioral patterns, including decision making based on internal criteria such as self-knowledge. However, the association between the neuronal LRTC and the subjective sense of identity remains to be explored; in other words, whether our subjective sense of consistent self across time relates to the temporal consistency of neural activity. The present study examined the relationship between the LRTC of resting-state scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and a subjective sense of identity measured by the Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory (EPSI). Consistent with our prediction based on previous studies of neuronal-behavioral relationships, the frontocentral alpha LRTC correlated negatively with identity confusion. Moreover, from the descriptive analyses, centroparietal beta LRTC showed negative correlations with identity confusion, and frontal theta LRTC showed positive relationships with identity synthesis. These results suggest that more temporal consistency (reversely, less random noise) in intrinsic brain activity is associated with less confused and better-synthesized identity. Our data provide further evidence that the LRTC of intrinsic brain activity might serve as a noise suppression mechanism at the psychological level.

Brain activity at rest: a multiscale hierarchical functional organization

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 2753-2763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Doucet ◽  
Mikaël Naveau ◽  
Laurent Petit ◽  
Nicolas Delcroix ◽  
Laure Zago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Spontaneous Brain Activity ◽  
Dorsal Attentional Network

Spontaneous brain activity was mapped with functional MRI (fMRI) in a sample of 180 subjects while in a conscious resting-state condition. With the use of independent component analysis (ICA) of each individual fMRI signal and classification of the ICA-defined components across subjects, a set of 23 resting-state networks (RNs) was identified. Functional connectivity between each pair of RNs was assessed using temporal correlation analyses in the 0.01- to 0.1-Hz frequency band, and the corresponding set of correlation coefficients was used to obtain a hierarchical clustering of the 23 RNs. At the highest hierarchical level, we found two anticorrelated systems in charge of intrinsic and extrinsic processing, respectively. At a lower level, the intrinsic system appears to be partitioned in three modules that subserve generation of spontaneous thoughts (M1a; default mode), inner maintenance and manipulation of information (M1b), and cognitive control and switching activity (M1c), respectively. The extrinsic system was found to be made of two distinct modules: one including primary somatosensory and auditory areas and the dorsal attentional network (M2a) and the other encompassing the visual areas (M2b). Functional connectivity analyses revealed that M1b played a central role in the functioning of the intrinsic system, whereas M1c seems to mediate exchange of information between the intrinsic and extrinsic systems.

scholarly journals Dynamics and Concordance Abnormalities Among Indices of Intrinsic Brain Activity in Individuals With Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Temporal Dynamics Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwen Yang ◽  
Xinyi Zha ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Jun Ke ◽  
Su Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intrinsic Brain Activity

Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are more likely to develop into Alzheimer disease (AD) in the future. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies have shown alterations of intrinsic brain activity (IBA) in SCD individuals. However, rs-fMRI studies to date have mainly focused on static characteristics of IBA, with few studies reporting dynamics- and concordance-related changes in IBA indices in SCD individuals. To investigate these aberrant changes, a temporal dynamic analysis of rs-fMRI data was conducted on 94 SCD individuals (71.07 ± 6.18 years, 60 female), 75 (74.36 ± 8.42 years, 35 female) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 82 age-, gender-, and education-matched controls (NCs; 73.88 ± 7.40 years, 49 female) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. The dynamics and concordance of the rs-fMRI indices were calculated. The results showed that SCD individuals had a lower amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations dynamics in bilateral hippocampus (HP)/parahippocampal gyrus (PHG)/fusiform gyrus (FG) and bilateral cerebellum, a lower fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation dynamics in bilateral precuneus (PreCu) and paracentral lobule, and a lower regional homogeneity dynamics in bilateral cerebellum, vermis, and left FG compared with the other two groups, whereas those in MCI patients were higher (Gaussian random field–corrected, voxel-level P < 0.001, cluster-level P < 0.05). Furthermore, SCD individuals had higher concordance in bilateral HP/PHG/FG, temporal lobe, and left midcingulate cortex than NCs, but those in MCI were lower than those in NCs. No correlation between concordance values and neuropsychological scale scores was found. SCD individuals showed both dynamics and concordance-related alterations in IBA, which indicates a compensatory mechanism in SCD individuals. Temporal dynamics analysis offers a novel approach to capturing brain alterations in individuals with SCD.

scholarly journals Opposing Changes in the Functional Architecture of Large-Scale Networks in Bipolar Mania and Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-980
Author(s):  
Daniel Russo ◽  
Matteo Martino ◽  
Paola Magioncalda ◽  
Matilde Inglese ◽  
Mario Amore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
Functional Architecture ◽  
Sensorimotor Network ◽  
Large Scale Networks ◽  
Intrinsic Brain Activity ◽  
Affective Dimensions

Abstract Objective Manic and depressive phases of bipolar disorder (BD) show opposite symptoms in psychomotor, thought, and affective dimensions. Neuronally, these may depend on distinct patterns of alterations in the functional architecture of brain intrinsic activity. Therefore, the study aimed to characterize the spatial and temporal changes of resting-state activity in mania and depression, by investigating the regional homogeneity (ReHo) and degree of centrality (DC), in different frequency bands. Methods Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), voxel-wise ReHo and DC were calculated—in the standard frequency band (SFB: 0.01–0.10 Hz), as well as in Slow5 (0.01–0.027 Hz) and Slow4 (0.027–0.073 Hz)—and compared between manic (n = 36), depressed (n = 43), euthymic (n = 29) patients, and healthy controls (n = 112). Finally, clinical correlations were investigated. Results Mania was mainly characterized by decreased ReHo and DC in Slow4 in the medial prefrontal cortex (as part of the default-mode network [DMN]), which in turn correlated with manic symptomatology. Conversely, depression was mainly characterized by decreased ReHo in SFB in the primary sensory-motor cortex (as part of the sensorimotor network [SMN]), which in turn correlated with depressive symptomatology. Conclusions Our data show a functional reconfiguration of the spatiotemporal structure of intrinsic brain activity to occur in BD. Mania might be characterized by a predominance of sensorimotor over associative networks, possibly driven by a deficit of the DMN (reflecting in internal thought deficit). Conversely, depression might be characterized by a predominance of associative over sensorimotor networks, possibly driven by a deficit of the SMN (reflecting in psychomotor inhibition).

scholarly journals Effects of Smoking on Regional Homogeneity in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyi Zhang ◽  
Xiao Luo ◽  
Qingze Zeng ◽  
Yanv Fu ◽  
Zheyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Regional Homogeneity ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Intrinsic Brain Activity

BackgroundSmoking is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, smoking-related effects on intrinsic brain activity in high-risk AD population are still unclear.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore differences in smoking effects on brain function between healthy elderly and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients using ReHo mapping.MethodsWe identified 64 healthy elderly controls and 116 aMCI patients, including 98 non-smoking and 18 smoking aMCI. Each subject underwent structural and resting-state functional MRI scanning and neuropsychological evaluations. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) mapping was used to assess regional brain synchronization. After correction for age, gender, education, and gray matter volume, we explored the difference of ReHo among groups in a voxel-wise way based on analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), followed by post hoc two-sample analyses (p < 0.05, corrected). Further, we correlated the mean ReHo with neuropsychological scales.ResultsThree groups were well-matched in age, gender, and education. Significant ReHo differences were found among three groups, located in the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and left angular gyrus (AG). Specifically, non-smoking aMCI had lower ReHo in SMG and AG than smoking aMCI and controls. By contrast, smoking aMCI had greater AG ReHo than healthy controls (p < 0.05). Across groups, correlation analyses showed that left AG ReHo correlated with MMSE (r = 0.18, p = 0.015), clock drawing test (r = 0.20, p = 0.007), immediate recall (r = 0.36, p < 0.001), delayed recall (r = 0.34, p < 0.001), and auditory verbal learning test (r = 0.20, p = 0.007).ConclusionSmoking might pose compensatory or protective effects on intrinsic brain activity in aMCI patients.

scholarly journals Causality Mapping Using Resting-State fMRI reveals Suppressed Functional Connectivity in Schizophrenia Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayyaz Ahmad ◽  
Zunira Saghir ◽  
Namra Aamir ◽  
Turki Abulait ◽  
Safee Ullah Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
The Brain

Schizophrenia is a psychotic brain disorder in which patients exhibit aberrant connectivity between different regions of the brain. Neuroimaging is a state-of-the-art technique that is now increasingly been employed in clinical investigation of Schizophrenia. In the present study, we have used resting-state functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging (rsfMRI) to elucidate the cause-and-effect relationships among four regions of the brain including occipital, temporal, and frontal lobes and hippocampus in Schizophrenia. For that, we have employed independent component analysis, a seed-based temporal correlation analysis, and Granger causality analysis for measuring causal relationships amongst four regions of the brain in schizophrenia patients. Eighteen subjects with nine patients and nine controls were evaluated in the study. Our results show that Schizophrenia patients exhibit significantly different activation patterns across the selected regions of the brain in comparison with the control. In addition to that, we also observed an aberrant causal relationship between these four regions of the brain. In particular, the temporal and frontal lobes of patients with schizophrenia had a significantly lowered causal relationship with the other areas of the brain. Taken together, the study elucidates the dysregulated brain activity in Schizophrenia patients, decodes its causal mapping and provides novel insights towards employment in clinical evaluation of Schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Relationship between Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Brain at Rest and Self-Reported Spontaneous Thoughts: An EEG Microstate Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1216
Author(s):  
Povilas Tarailis ◽  
Dovilė Šimkutė ◽  
Thomas Koenig ◽  
Inga Griškova-Bulanova
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Somatic Awareness ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Spontaneous Thought ◽  
Intrinsic Brain Activity ◽  
The Brain

Rationale: The resting-state paradigm is frequently applied in electroencephalography (EEG) research; however, it is associated with the inability to control participants’ thoughts. To quantify subjects’ subjective experiences at rest, the Amsterdam Resting-State Questionnaire (ARSQ) was introduced covering ten dimensions of mind wandering. We aimed to estimate associations between subjective experiences and resting-state microstates of EEG. Methods: 5 min resting-state EEG data of 197 subjects was used to evaluate temporal properties of seven microstate classes. Bayesian correlation approach was implemented to assess associations between ARSQ domains assessed after resting and parameters of microstates. Results: Several associations between Comfort, Self and Somatic Awareness domains and temporal properties of neuroelectric microstates were revealed. The positive correlation between Comfort and duration of microstates E showed the strongest evidence (BF10 > 10); remaining correlations showed substantial evidence (10 > BF10 > 3). Conclusion: Our study indicates the relevance of assessments of spontaneous thought occurring during the resting-state for the understanding of the intrinsic brain activity reflected in microstates.

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