scholarly journals Apparent evidence for unconscious sound symbolism is probably artifactual: Commentary on Heyman, Maerten, Vankrunkelsven, Voorspoels and Moors (in press).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Rabagliati
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Item Effects ◽  
Apparent Evidence ◽  
Surprising Finding

Sound symbolism refers to the intuition that a word’s sound should match the characteristics of its referents – e.g., kiki should label something spiky – and its prevalence and systematicity provide compelling evidence for an intuitive mapping between linguistic form and meaning. Striking recent work (Hung, Styles, & Hsieh, 2017) suggests that these mappings may have an unconscious basis, such that participants can compute the fit between a word’s sound and an object’s shape when both are masked from awareness. This surprising finding replicated in the pre-registered report by Heyman, Maerten, Vankrunkelsven, Voorspoels and Moors (2019), with potentially far-reaching implications for the role of awareness in language processing (Hassin, 2013; Rabagliati, Robertson, & Carmel, 2018). However, as I demonstrate, it is an artifact of the stimuli used. Once item effects are accounted for, these data provide no evidence that sound symbolism, and language more generally, can be processed without awareness.

The Road to Language Learning Is Iconic

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1443-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Thompson ◽  
David P. Vinson ◽  
Bencie Woll ◽  
Gabriella Vigliocco
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
The Road ◽  
Signed Languages ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Universal Feature

An arbitrary link between linguistic form and meaning is generally considered a universal feature of language. However, iconic (i.e., nonarbitrary) mappings between properties of meaning and features of linguistic form are also widely present across languages, especially signed languages. Although recent research has shown a role for sign iconicity in language processing, research on the role of iconicity in sign-language development has been mixed. In this article, we present clear evidence that iconicity plays a role in sign-language acquisition for both the comprehension and production of signs. Signed languages were taken as a starting point because they tend to encode a higher degree of iconic form-meaning mappings in their lexicons than spoken languages do, but our findings are more broadly applicable: Specifically, we hypothesize that iconicity is fundamental to all languages (signed and spoken) and that it serves to bridge the gap between linguistic form and human experience.

scholarly journals Can item effects explain away the evidence for unconscious sound symbolism? An adversarial commentary on Heyman, Maerten, Vankrunkelsven, Voorspoels and Moors (2019)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Rabagliati ◽  
Tom Heyman ◽  
Pieter Moors
Keyword(s):  
Replication Study ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Item Effects ◽  
Apparent Evidence

Apparent evidence for unconscious sound symbolism is probably artifactual: Commentary on Heyman, Maerten, Vankrunkelsven, Voorspoels and Moors (in press). Sound-symbolism effects in the absence of awareness: A replication study. Psychological Science, 0956797619875482. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619875482

scholarly journals Mappings between linguistic sound and motion

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Cuskley
Keyword(s):  
Visual Motion ◽  
Language Evolution ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Arbitrary Form ◽  
Vowel Quality ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Theoretical Evidence

This paper provides an overview of the possible function of non-arbitrary mappings between linguistic form and meaning, and presents new empirical evidence showing that shared cross-modal associations may underlie motion sound-symbolism in particular. In terms of function, several lines of empirical and theoretical evidence suggest that non-arbitrary form-meaning connections could have played a crucial role in lexical emergence during language evolution. Furthermore, the persistence of such non-arbitrariness in some areas of modern language may also be highly functional, as recent data has shown that non-arbitrary forms may help to bootstrap learning in children (Imai, Kita, Nagumo, and Okada, 2008) and adults (Nielsen and Rendall, 2012). Given the functional role of these non-arbitrary mappings between linguistic form and meaning, this paper describes new experimental data demonstrating shared mappings between non-sense words and visual motion using a direct matching task. Participants were given nonsense words that varied in terms of their voicing, reduplication, and vowel quality, and asked to change the movement of a ball to match a given word. Results show that back vowels are mapped onto slower speeds, and consonant reduplication with vowel alternation is mapped onto faster speeds. These results show a shared cross-modal association between linguistic sound and motion, which is likely leveraged in sound-symbolic systems found in natural language.

scholarly journals ARBITRARINESS OF SOUND SYMBOLYSM IN ENGLISH AND JAPANESE

2018 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Dariia Rzhevska
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Cue Validity ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Statistical Regularities ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Reasons

The article determines that the form of a word bears an arbitrary relation to its meaning accounts only partly for the attested relations between form and meaning in the world’s languages. A long history of research has considered the role of iconicity in language and the existence and role of non-arbitrary properties in language and the use of language. Recent research in English and Japanese suggests a more textured view of vocabulary structure, in which arbitrariness is complemented by iconicity (aspects of form resemble aspects of meaning) and systematicity (statistical regularities in forms predict function). Sound symbolism is the systematic and non-arbitrary link between word and meaning. Although a number of behavioral studies demonstrate that both children and adults are universally sensitive to sound symbolism in mimetic words, the neural mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not yet been extensively investigated. Experimental evidence suggests these form to meaning correspondences serve different functions in language processing, development and communication: systematicity facilities category learning by means of phonological cues, iconicity facilitates word learning and communication by means of perceptuomotor analogies, and arbitrariness facilitates meaning individuation through distinctive forms. For one, there can be external reasons why a particular form would go with a given meaning, such as sound symbolism. Also, there are systematicities in English, as well as, in Japanese, where words with similar forms are more likely than chance to have similar meanings. The article also relates to a comparative methods used to test what it is that leads phonæsthemes to be mentally represented, measuring effects of frequency, cue validity, and sound symbolism.

MANUSCRIPT EVIDENCE FOR ALPHABET-SWITCHING IN THE WORKS OF CICERO: COMMON NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-516
Author(s):  
Neil O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Reliable Transmission ◽  
Accurate Record ◽  
The Way

Of the hundreds of Greek common nouns and adjectives preserved in our MSS of Cicero, about three dozen are found written in the Latin alphabet as well as in the Greek. So we find, alongside συμπάθεια, also sympathia, and ἱστορικός as well as historicus. This sort of variation has been termed alphabet-switching; it has received little attention in connection with Cicero, even though it is relevant to subjects of current interest such as his bilingualism and the role of code-switching and loanwords in his works. Rather than addressing these issues directly, this discussion sets out information about the way in which the words are written in our surviving MSS of Cicero and takes further some recent work on the presentation of Greek words in Latin texts. It argues that, for the most part, coherent patterns and explanations can be found in the alphabetic choices exhibited by them, or at least by the earliest of them when there is conflict in the paradosis, and that this coherence is evidence for a generally reliable transmission of Cicero's original choices. While a lack of coherence might indicate unreliable transmission, or even an indifference on Cicero's part, a consistent pattern can only really be explained as an accurate record of coherent alphabet choice made by Cicero when writing Greek words.

Role of Natural Language Processing in Social Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 287-289
Author(s):  
Aditya . ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
hare . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing

The Role of Noun Animacy in Language Processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1371-1381
Author(s):  
Guangzhen JIA ◽  
Youyi LIU ◽  
Hua SHU ◽  
Xiaoping Fang
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing

Musical shape and feeling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Leech-Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Sensory Perception ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Sensorimotor System ◽  
Musical Sound ◽  
Sensory Mode ◽  
Daniel Stern

The concept of shape is widely used by musicians in talking and thinking about performance, yet the mechanisms that afford links between music and shape are little understood. Work on the psychodynamics of everyday life by Daniel Stern and on embodiment by Mark Johnson suggests relationships between the multiple dynamics of musical sound and the dynamics of feeling and motion. Recent work on multisensory and precognitive sensory perception and on the role of bimodal neurons in the sensorimotor system helps to explain how shape, as a percept representing changing quantity in any sensory mode, may be invoked by dynamic processes at many stages of perception and cognition. These processes enable ‘shape’ to do flexible and useful work for musicians needing to describe the quality of musical phenomena that are fundamental to everyday musical practice and yet too complex to calculate during performance.

How Artefacts Do Leadership: A Ventriloquial Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 089331892199807
Author(s):  
Jonathan Clifton ◽  
Fernando Fachin ◽  
François Cooren
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Human Actors

To date there has been little work that uses fine-grained interactional analyses of the in situ doing of leadership to make visible the role of non-human as well as human actants in this process. Using transcripts of naturally-occurring interaction as data, this study seeks to show how leadership is co-achieved by artefacts as an in-situ accomplishment. To do this we situate this study within recent work on distributed leadership and argue that it is not only distributed across human actors, but also across networks that include both human and non-human actors. Taking a discursive approach to leadership, we draw on Actor Network Theory and adopt a ventriloquial approach to sociomateriality as inspired by the Montreal School of organizational communication. Findings indicate that artefacts “do” leadership when a hybrid presence is made relevant to the interaction and when this presence provides authoritative grounds for influencing others to achieve the group’s goals.

Deep Structured Learning for Natural Language Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Xiaojun Yang ◽  
Min Zuo ◽  
Qingyu Jin ◽  
Haisheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Conditional Random Field ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Related Sequence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Network Public Opinion

The real-time and dissemination characteristics of network information make net-mediated public opinion become more and more important food safety early warning resources, but the data of petabyte (PB) scale growth also bring great difficulties to the research and judgment of network public opinion, especially how to extract the event role of network public opinion from these data and analyze the sentiment tendency of public opinion comment. First, this article takes the public opinion of food safety network as the research point, and a BLSTM-CRF model for automatically marking the role of event is proposed by combining BLSTM and conditional random field organically. Second, the Attention mechanism based on vocabulary in the field of food safety is introduced, the distance-related sequence semantic features are extracted by BLSTM, and the emotional classification of sequence semantic features is realized by using CNN. A kind of Att-BLSTM-CNN model for the analysis of public opinion and emotional tendency in the field of food safety is proposed. Finally, based on the time series, this article combines the role extraction of food safety events and the analysis of emotional tendency and constructs a net-mediated public opinion early warning model in the field of food safety according to the heat of the event and the emotional intensity of the public to food safety public opinion events.

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