scholarly journals When gender matters in scientific communication: The role of generic language

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine M DeJesus ◽  
Valerie Umscheid ◽  
Susan A. Gelman
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Generic Language

Prior research has documented gender differences in self-presentation and self-promotion. For example, a recent analysis of scientific publications in the biomedical sciences reveals that articles with women in lead author positions (first and last) included fewer positive words to describe their results than articles with men in lead author positions. Here we examined the role of gender in peer-reviewed publications in psychology, with a focus on generic language. When authors describe their results using generic statements (e.g., “Introverts and extraverts require different learning environments”), those statements gloss over variability, frame an idea as broad, timeless, and universally true, and have been judged to be more important. In a sample of 1,149 psychology articles published in 2015-16 from 11 journals, we found that women in lead author positions were less likely to employ generic language than men in lead author positions, and that publications with more generic language received more citations (as did publications authored by men). We discuss how a subtle gender difference in self-presentation may have direct consequences for how a scientific finding is interpreted and cited, with potential downstream consequences for career advancement for women and men.

scholarly journals Being highly productive in the Biomedical Sciences: A qualitative study of motivation and habits of high-throughput researchers

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci ◽  
Aline Chotte de Oliveira ◽  
Nelly Moraes Gil ◽  
Paulo Calvo ◽  
Ney Stival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
The Difference

Background: Quantity, quality, and impact of scientific publications are used to assess national, institutional, and individual levels of research productivity. While the importance of quality research is stressed among the medical research community, minimal research has been conducted on analyzing which factors affect research productivity. Current literature assesses the quality of research institutions rather than that of individual researchers; there is also no research on the difference between high-impact researchers and other researchers. This study, conducted in 2015, sought to investigate the underlying reason for high-throughput authors' success by understanding their similar habits and motivations leading to high productivity. Methods: The authors conducted a qualitative study via interviews of high-throughput researchers from around the world. Semi-structured interview scripts guided the interviews in accordance to the grounded theory method for qualitative studies. Broad themes from preliminary interviews were identified and explored in subsequent interviews. Results: Qualitative analysis of participant interviews identified eight major themes: “Writing habits,” “Writing strategy,” “Previous training and writing experience,” “Major driver,” “Balancing volume and impact of publications,” “Ideal and non-ideal conditions,” “Timelines,” and “Role of networking on high-throughput productivity.” These themes are not exclusive nor required qualities of high-throughput researchers but highlight similarities and broadly unifying characteristics of these researchers. Conclusion:This study identified the common qualities and attitudes of high-throughput researchers. We found common factors in most individuals that can be considered markers of high productivity.

scholarly journals When Gender Matters in Scientific Communication: The Role of Generic Language

Sex Roles ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine M. DeJesus ◽  
Valerie A. Umscheid ◽  
Susan A. Gelman
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Generic Language

scholarly journals Sprache und Sprachen der Volga German Studies Eine globale Perspektive

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
Egor Lykov
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
German Studies ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Language History ◽  
The Us

This paper analyses the language usage in the most recent publications related to Volga German Studies as an interdisciplinary research field dealing with the language, history and culture of Volga Germans. Individual historiographies from the US, Canada, Germany, Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Georgia, Brazil and Argentina will be compared concerning the various languages of scientific publications. Particular attention will be paid to scientific communication between these national research centers, and the role of bilingual publications in the scientific discourse of the discipline will be focused upon. Furthermore, the influence of the increasing role of English in the scientific discourse on Volga German Studies will be discussed.

scholarly journals Magazine or journal—what is the difference? The role of the monitoring editor

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 887-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Bretscher
Keyword(s):  
Career Advancement ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Research Publications ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Way

Scientific communication, career advancement, and funding decisions are all dependent on research publications. The way manuscripts are handled by high-visibility, professionally edited magazines differs from the way academic journals evaluate manuscripts, using active scientists as monitoring editors. In this essay, I discuss the benefits that come with the involvement of active scientists. I enumerate the decisions a monitoring editor has to make, and how he or she goes about making them. Finally, I indicate ways in which authors can help to make the process a smoother and more positive experience.

scholarly journals The role of environmental non-governmental organizations in fisheries: scientific knowledge, its value in lobbying, and its underestimation in debates aimed at solving contingent issues

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. C02
Author(s):  
Marco Costantini
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Initial Tendency

Despite an initial tendency to disregard Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) contributions, NGOs have now entered the fishery world, where debates should be carried out on the basis of different interpretations of sound scientific data. Such an approach is expected to be obvious, but this does not prove to be always true. NGOs and the research body that produced the scientific data are confused by other stakeholders and understanding scientific publications is regarded as not necessary. Further, there is a gap between the progress of scientific knowledge and the scientific approach adopted in policy resolutions. This opens new opportunities to carry out focused scientific communication.

scholarly journals Generic language in scientific communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (37) ◽  
pp. 18370-18377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine M. DeJesus ◽  
Maureen A. Callanan ◽  
Graciela Solis ◽  
Susan A. Gelman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Generic Language

Scientific communication poses a challenge: To clearly highlight key conclusions and implications while fully acknowledging the limitations of the evidence. Although these goals are in principle compatible, the goal of conveying complex and variable data may compete with reporting results in a digestible form that fits (increasingly) limited publication formats. As a result, authors’ choices may favor clarity over complexity. For example, generic language (e.g., “Introverts and extraverts require different learning environments”) may mislead by implying general, timeless conclusions while glossing over exceptions and variability. Using generic language is especially problematic if authors overgeneralize from small or unrepresentative samples (e.g., exclusively Western, middle-class). We present 4 studies examining the use and implications of generic language in psychology research articles. Study 1, a text analysis of 1,149 psychology articles published in 11 journals in 2015 and 2016, examined the use of generics in titles, research highlights, and abstracts. We found that generics were ubiquitously used to convey results (89% of articles included at least 1 generic), despite that most articles made no mention of sample demographics. Generics appeared more frequently in shorter units of the paper (i.e., highlights more than abstracts), and generics were not associated with sample size. Studies 2 to 4 (n= 1,578) found that readers judged results expressed with generic language to be more important and generalizable than findings expressed with nongeneric language. We highlight potential unintended consequences of language choice in scientific communication, as well as what these choices reveal about how scientists think about their data.

СТРУКТУРА, МОДЕЛИ И СТРАТЕГИИ УЧАСТИЯ ГОРОДСКИХ СООБЩЕСТВ В КОНФЛИКТАХ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
А. И. Кольба ◽  
Н. В. Кольба
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
City Government ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The City

The article describes the structural characteristics of the urban communities of the city of Krasnodar and the related features that impact their participation in urban conflicts. This issue is considered in a number of scientific publications, but there is a need to expand the empirical base of such studies. On the base of expert interviews conducted with both city activists, their counterparty (representatives of the municipal government) and external observers (journalists), the parameters of urban communities functioning in the process of their interaction with other conflict actors are revealed. The communities characteristics such as the predominantly territorial principle of formation, the overlap of online and offline communications in their activities, the presence of a “core” with a relatively low number of permanent participants and others are determined. Their activities are dominated by neighborly and civilian models of participation in conflicts. The possibilities of realizing one’s own interests through political interactions (participation in elections, the activities of representative bodies of power, political parties) are not yet sufficiently understood. Urban communities, as a rule, operate within the framework of conventional forms of participation in solving urgent problems, although in some cases it is possible to use confrontational methods, in particular, protest ones. In this regard, the most often used compromise, with the desire for cooperation, a strategy of behavior in interaction with opponents. The limited activating role of conflicts in the activities of communities has been established. The weak manifestation of the civil and especially political component in their activities determines the preservation of a low level of political subjectivity. This factor restrains the growth of urban communities resources and the possibility of applying competitive strategies in interaction with city government and business.

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