Emotional Reactivity and Wellbeing of Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Short and Long Term Effects and The Impact of Social and Socioeconomic Stressors

Adolescence is a formative period for socio-emotional development which is threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic. The current longitudinal study examined the impact of the pandemic on young people’s mood, emotional reactivity, and wellbeing (i.e., operationalized as balancing needs of self and others). Hence, we conducted an online two-week daily diary study among 462 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 15.27 years, 64% females) and 371 young adults (Mage = 21.49 years, 81% females) in May 2020, with a follow-up to study long-term effects in November 2020 (N = 238 and 231, respectively adolescents and young adults). In May 2020, young adults and older relative to younger adolescents showed higher levels and more fluctuations in tension and depression and lower levels of vigor. Vigor levels decreased and tension and depression levels increased between May 2020 and November 2020, especially for younger adolescents. A closer examination in the adolescent sample, revealed positive associations between instability of negative emotions (i.e. tension and depression fluctuations) and the exposure to social and socioeconomic stressors (i.e. family stress and inequality of online homeschooling). Together, this study demonstrates vulnerability regarding young people’s mood and emotional reactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for adolescents who experience more stressors.

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Mood and emotional reactivity of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: short-term and long-term effects and the impact of social and socioeconomic stressors

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90851-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kayla H. Green ◽

Suzanne van de Groep ◽

Sophie W. Sweijen ◽

Andrik I. Becht ◽

Moniek Buijzen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Emotional Reactivity ◽

Formative Period ◽

Maladaptive Behavior ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Daily Diary Study ◽

Adolescent Sample ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact

AbstractAdolescence is a formative period for socio-emotional development which is threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic. The current longitudinal study examined two aims: (1) the short- and long-term effects of the pandemic on young people’s mood (i.e. vigor, tension, and depression levels) and emotional reactivity (i.e. fluctuations in daily mood), and (2) the impact of stressors on mood, emotional reactivity, self-oriented (i.e. maladaptive behavior towards COVID-19 rules) and other-benefitting behaviors (i.e. behavior aimed at helping and comforting others). We conducted an online two-week daily diary study among 462 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 15.27 years, 64% females) and 371 young adults (Mage = 21.49 years, 81% females) in May 2020, with a follow-up in November 2020 (N = 238 and 231, respectively adolescents and young adults). In May 2020, young adults and older relative to younger adolescents showed higher levels and more fluctuations in tension and depression and lower levels of vigor. Vigor levels decreased and tension and depression levels increased between May 2020 and November 2020, especially for younger adolescents. There were positive associations between instability of negative emotions (i.e. tension and depression fluctuations) and the exposure to stressors (i.e. family stress and inequality of online homeschooling) in the adolescent sample. Together, this study demonstrates vulnerability regarding young people’s mood and emotional reactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for adolescents who experience more stressors.

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Transient inhibition and long-term facilitation of locomotion by phasic optogenetic activation of serotonin neurons

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.20975 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Patrícia A Correia ◽

Eran Lottem ◽

Dhruba Banerjee ◽

Ana S Machado ◽

Megan R Carey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Behavior ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Strong Suppression ◽

Serotonin Neurons ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Rapid Kinetics ◽

Long Term Facilitation ◽

The Impact

Serotonin (5-HT) is associated with mood and motivation but the function of endogenous 5-HT remains controversial. Here, we studied the impact of phasic optogenetic activation of 5-HT neurons in mice over time scales from seconds to weeks. We found that activating dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) 5-HT neurons induced a strong suppression of spontaneous locomotor behavior in the open field with rapid kinetics (onset ≤1 s). Inhibition of locomotion was independent of measures of anxiety or motor impairment and could be overcome by strong motivational drive. Repetitive place-contingent pairing of activation caused neither place preference nor aversion. However, repeated 15 min daily stimulation caused a persistent increase in spontaneous locomotion to emerge over three weeks. These results show that 5-HT transients have strong and opposing short and long-term effects on motor behavior that appear to arise from effects on the underlying factors that motivate actions.

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Abstract 19771: Persistent Thrombocytopenia after Myocardial Infarction is Associated with Increased Short- and Long-Term Mortality

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.19771 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Anirudh Kumar ◽

Salim Virani ◽

Scott Bassett ◽

Mahboob Alam ◽

Ravi Hira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Bleeding Complications ◽

Group Differences ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact ◽

Long Term Mortality

Background: Thrombocytopenia (TCP) occurs commonly in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is unclear whether persistent TCP after discharge among AMI survivors is associated with worse outcomes. Methods: We examined the impact of persistent post-discharge TCP on outcomes in a registry of consecutive AMI patients hospitalized between January 2004 and December 2007. In-hospital (IH) TCP was defined by a nadir platelet count < 150 x 109/L. Resolved TCP was defined as IH TCP which resolved within 3 months after discharge while persistent TCP was defined as IH TCP which did not resolve within 3 months. Results: Of 842 patients hospitalized for a first AMI, we examined data on 617 hospital survivors who had follow-up within 3 months of discharge and documented long-term outcomes. Of those, 474 (76.8%) patients did not experience IH TCP while 42 (6.8%) and 101 (16.4%) had persistent and resolved TCP, respectively (Table). Patients with persistent TCP were older, had worse comorbidities, and were more likely to have TCP at baseline and discharge. There were no inter-group differences in infarct size, major bleeding complications, revascularization, or ejection fraction at discharge. Mortality following discharge was higher at all time-points among AMI patients with persistent TCP compared to patients with resolved or without IH TCP (Figure). Patients with resolved TCP had comparable mortality to those without IH TCP. Conclusion: Persistent TCP within 3 months after hospital discharge for AMI is associated with significantly increased short- and long-term mortality compared to patients with recovered TCP or without IH TCP.

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Long-Term Effects of the Treatment of Depressive Female Inpatients in a Naturalistic Study: Is Early Improvement a Valid Predictor of Outcome?

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2014/780237 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Elian Zuercher-Huerlimann ◽

Martin grosse Holtforth ◽

Ernst Hermann

Keyword(s):

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Inpatient Setting ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Early Improvement ◽

Valid Predictor ◽

Short And Long Term

Objectives.To examine the predictive value of early improvement for short- and long-term outcome in the treatment of depressive female inpatients and to explore the influence of comorbid disorders (CD).Methods.Archival data of a naturalistic sample of 277 female inpatients diagnosed with a depressive disorder was analyzed assessing the BDI at baseline, after 20 days and 30 days, posttreatment, and after 3 to 6 months at follow-up. Early improvement, defined as a decrease in the BDI score of at least 30% after 20 and after 30 days, and CD were analyzed using binary logistic regression.Results.Both early improvement definitions were predictive of remission at posttreatment. Early improvement after 30 days showed a sustained treatment effect in the follow-up phase, whereas early improvement after 20 days failed to show a persistent effect regarding remission at follow-up. CD were not significantly related neither at posttreatment nor at follow-up. At no time point CD moderated the prediction by early improvement.Conclusions.We show that early improvement is a valid predictor for short-term remission and at follow-up in an inpatient setting. CD did not predict outcome. Further studies are needed to identify patient subgroups amenable to more tailored treatments.

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COVID-19 and Sustainable Energy Development: Agendas for Future Research

Journal of Asian Energy Studies ◽

10.24112/jaes.040003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 20-25

Author(s):

Kevin Lo

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Energy ◽

Energy Development ◽

Future Research ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Development Agendas ◽

The Impact ◽

Key Questions

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a massive impact on and may fundamentally change the pathways and trajectories of sustainable energy development. This article examines the impact of COVID-19 on Asia’s sustainable energy development and proposes agendas for future energy research in response to the pandemic. The review and research agendas are oriented towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7), ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. The following three key questions need to be addressed by researchers: (1) In what ways does COVID-19 make sustainable energy development more important than ever? (2) What are the short- and long-term effects of COVID-19 on sustainable energy development? (3) How can responses to COVID-19 meet the objectives of sustainable energy development?

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Management and Surveillance of Short- and Long-Term Sequelae of Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Pediatric Brain Tumors

Journal of Pediatric Neurology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1715501 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (06) ◽

pp. 307-312

Author(s):

Fred Chiu-Lai Lam ◽

Ekkehard M Kasper ◽

Anand Mahadevan

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Pediatric Brain Tumors ◽

Special Edition ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Transition Into Adulthood ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Pediatric Brain

AbstractRadiation therapy (RT) is a mainstay for the treatment of pediatric brain tumors. As improvements in and sophistication of this modality continue to increase the survival of patients, the long-term sequelae of RT pose significant challenges in the clinical management of this patient population as they transition into adulthood. In this special edition, we review the short- and long-term effects of RT for the treatment of pediatric brain tumors and the necessary surveillance required for follow-up.

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The Impact of Halfway Houses on Parole Success and Recidivism

Journal of Sociological Research ◽

10.5296/jsr.v6i2.8038 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. E. Costanza ◽

Stephen M. Cox ◽

John C. Kilburn

Keyword(s):

Correctional Facility ◽

Correctional Facilities ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Halfway House ◽

Halfway Houses ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact ◽

Matching Techniques ◽

Residential Programming

This article seeks to identify short and long term effects of halfway house completion on parole success and subsequent recidivism from a sample of offenders released from a northeastern state’s correctional facilities between 2004 and 2008. Using propensity score matching techniques, we compare parolees released to parole after successfully completing a residential treatment program to a matched group of parolees released directly into the community from a correctional facility. Analyses show that parolees who successfully complete a halfway house program are more likely to successfully complete parole but the effect on residential programming on long-term recidivism are negligible. Keywords: Alternative Corrections, Community Corrections, Halfway Houses, Parole, Recidivism

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Short- and Long-Term Effects of a Scapular-Focused Exercise Protocol for Patients with Shoulder Dysfunctions—A Prospective Cohort

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21082888 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 2888

Author(s):

Cristina dos Santos ◽

Mark A. Jones ◽

Ricardo Matias

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Anterior Shoulder Instability ◽

Scapular Dyskinesis ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Exercise Protocol ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

And Function

Current clinical practice lacks consistent evidence in the management of scapular dyskinesis. This study aims to determine the short- and long-term effects of a scapular-focused exercise protocol facilitated by real-time electromyographic biofeedback (EMGBF) on pain and function, in individuals with rotator cuff related pain syndrome (RCS) and anterior shoulder instability (ASI). One-hundred and eighty-three patients were divided into two groups (n = 117 RCS and n = 66 ASI) and guided through a structured exercise protocol, focusing on scapular dynamic control. Values of pain and function (shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) questionnaire, complemented by the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire) were assessed at the initial, 4-week, and 2-year follow-up and compared within and between. There were significant differences in pain and function improvement between the initial and 4-week assessments. There were no differences in the values of DASH 1st part and SPADI between the 4-week and 2-year follow-up. There were no differences between groups at the baseline and long-term, except for DASH 1st part and SPADI (p < 0.05). Only 29 patients (15.8%) had a recurrence episode at follow-up. These results provide valuable information on the positive results of the protocol in the short- and long-term.

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Impact of intraocular pressure fluctuations on progression of normal tension glaucoma

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.10.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 1553-1559

Author(s):

Susanne Hopf ◽

◽

Irene Schmidtmann ◽

Norbert Pfeiffer ◽

Esther Maria Hoffmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Visual Field ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact

AIM: To investigate short- and long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations and further ocular and demographic parameters as predictors for normal tension glaucoma (NTG) progression. METHODS: This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study included 137 eyes of 75 patients with NTG, defined by glaucomatous optic disc or visual field defect with normal IOP (<21 mm Hg), independently from therapy regimen. IOP fluctuation, mean, and maximum were inspected with a mean follow-up of 38mo [standard deviation (SD) 18mo]. Inclusion criteria were the performance of minimum two 48-hour profiles including perimetry, Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) imaging, and optic disc photographs. The impact of IOP parameters, myopia, sex, cup-to-disc-ratio, and visual field results on progression of NTG were analyzed using Cox regression models. A sub-group analysis with results from optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed. RESULTS: IOP fluctuations, average, and maximum were not risk factors for progression in NTG patients, although maximum IOP at the initial IOP profile was higher in eyes with progression than in eyes without progression (P=0.054). The 46/137 (33.5%) eyes progressed over the follow-up period. Overall progression (at least three progression confirmations) occurred in 28/137 eyes (20.4%). Most progressions were detected by perimetry (36/46). Long-term IOP mean over all pressure profiles was 12.8 mm Hg (SD 1.3 mm Hg); IOP fluctuation was 1.4 mm Hg (SD 0.8 mm Hg). The progression-free five-year rate was 58.2% (SD 6.5%). CONCLUSION: Short- and long-term IOP fluctuations do not result in progression of NTG. As functional changes are most likely to happen, NTG should be monitored with visual field testing more often than with other devices.

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Sex Differences in Myocardial Injury After Non-Cardiac Surgery and Postoperative Mortality

10.21203/rs.3.rs-90811/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jihye Kwon ◽

Jungchan Park ◽

Seunghwa Lee ◽

Cheol Won Hyun ◽

Jihoon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Cardiac Troponin ◽

Survival Benefit ◽

Myocardial Injury ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Postoperative Mortality ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact

Abstract BackgroundMyocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) has recently been accepted as a predictor of mortality. However, the impact of sex difference on the incidence and survival following MINS has not been fully understood. This study aimed to compare the incidence of MINS and mortality in male and female patients during the short and long term periods.MethodsFrom January 2010 to June 2019, consecutive patients with cardiac troponin (cTn) within 30 days after non-cardiac surgery were grouped according to sex. The incidence of MINS and the mortality of the patients with MINS were compared.ResultsOf the total of 33,311 patients, 18,546 (55.7%) patients were male and 14,765 (44.3%) were female. In multivariable analysis, females showed significantly lower incidence of MINS (17.9% vs. 14.2%; odds ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71-0.81; p < 0.001). In patients with MINS, propensity score-matched analysis showed that 30-day mortality did not differ according to sex, but the mortality in females was significantly lower during the overall follow-up (33.0% vs. 25.7%; hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66-0.84; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe incidence of MINS appeared to be lower in female than male. In patients with MINS, female may be associated with survival benefit. A further study is needed to confirm this finding.

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