scholarly journals Internalizing and Externalizing Correlates of Parental Overprotection as Measured by the EMBU: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthe de Roo ◽  
René Veenstra ◽  
Tina Kretschmer
Keyword(s):  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Aspects of parenting including overprotection explain individual differences in child adjustment. This review and meta-analysis summarizes studies on parental overprotection and internalizing and externalizing problems. To ensure that findings could be compared as systematically as possible, the focus is on studies that used the overprotection scale of the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran (“Memories of my Parents’ Upbringing”) (EMBU) questionnaire, a popular instrument to measure parental overprotection. In total, we extracted 176 effects from 29 studies. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to perform quality assessments for the included studies. Parental overprotection was positively associated with offspring internalizing and externalizing problems, with overall estimates ranging from r = .14 to .18. Moderator analyses suggested that effects of maternal were larger than effects of paternal overprotection. Other factors that moderated the strength of the association between overprotection and maladjustment included whether outcomes were self-reported or parent-reported, the design was cross-sectional or longitudinal, and publication year. Cultural context, age at exposure, and child sex did not explain differences between effect sizes. Most findings were based on cross-sectional studies and therefore do not constitute proof of causal relations. Many studies were of less-than-satisfactory quality regarding representativeness of the sample, descriptions of the data collection, and statistical analyses. There is a clear need for well-powered longitudinal studies to strengthen inferences about associations between parental overprotection and internalizing and externalizing problems.

Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults Living at High Altitude: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Diego Urrunaga-Pastor ◽  
Diego Chambergo-Michilot ◽  
Fernando M. Runzer-Colmenares ◽  
Josmel Pacheco-Mendoza ◽  
Vicente A. Benites-Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Language Restriction ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Ottawa Scale

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Dementia is a chronic disease with a variable prevalence throughout the world; however, this could be higher at high-altitude populations. We aimed to summarize the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults living at high altitude. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase and included the studies published from inception to July 20, 2020, with no language restriction, which reported the frequency of cognitive impairment or dementia in older adults living at high-altitude populations. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to calculate the overall prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of cognitive impairment and dementia. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) adapted for cross-sectional studies. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Six studies were included (3,724 participants), and 5 of the 6 included studies were carried out in Latin America. The altitude ranged from 1,783 to 3,847 m, the proportion of women included varied from 38.7 to 65.6%, and the proportion of participants with elementary or illiterate educational level ranged from 71.7 to 97.6%. The overall prevalence of cognitive impairment was 22.0% (95% CI: 8–40, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup>: 99%), and the overall prevalence of dementia was 11.0% (95% CI: 6–17, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup>: 92%). In a subgroup analysis according to the instrument used to evaluate cognitive impairment, the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 21.0% (95% CI: 5–42, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup>: 99%) in the MMSE group while the prevalence was 29.0% (95% CI: 0–78) in the non-MMSE group. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults living at high altitude is almost twice the number reported in some world regions.

scholarly journals Associations of Family Functioning and Social Support With Psychopathology in Children of Mentally Ill Parents: Multilevel Analyses From Different Rating Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlit Sell ◽  
Claus Barkmann ◽  
Bonnie Adema ◽  
Anne Daubmann ◽  
Reinhold Kilian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Child Psychopathology ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Mentally Ill Parents

Offspring of mentally ill parents is at heightened risk for psychological symptoms. The identification of environmental factors that predict their mental health is crucial for the development of preventive and therapeutic measures. In the current study, we addressed the combined role of family functioning and social support by taking mentally ill patients’, their partners’, and children’s perspectives into account. The cross-sectional sample included n=195 families (195 patients, 127 partners, and 295 children). Family members completed questionnaires related to family functioning, social support as well as parental and child psychopathology. We conducted multilevel analyses to investigate the associations with internalizing and externalizing problems in children. Family functioning and social support were significantly associated with child internalizing and externalizing problems. However, results varied depending on the rating perspective. We found significant interaction effects of family functioning and social support on child psychopathology. The findings point to the importance of family functioning and social support as potential targets for interventions. Findings should be replicated in future longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals The relationship between depression and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta‐analysis of observational studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Moradi ◽  
Ahmed N Albatineh ◽  
Hassan Mahmoodi ◽  
Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Abstract Introduction The link between metabolic syndrome and depression has always been controversial. Different studies that have examined the relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression have reported different results. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine the association between depression and MetS by meta-analysis. Methods Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and ISI were searched for publications in English from January 1990 to February 2020. Search included cohort and cross-sectional studies aimed at examining the association between depression and MetS. The risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted. Results 49 studies with total sample size 399,494 were analyzed. Results indicated the odds of MetS was higher in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals [OR: 1.48; 95 %CI: 1.33–1.64) vs. (OR: 1.38; 95 %CI: 1.17–1.64)]. For cross-sectional studies, depressed patients in Europe (OR = 1.35; 95 %CI: 1.47–1.99) were at higher odds of MetS compared to those in America and Asia. For cohort studies, depressed patients in America (OR = 1.46; 95 %CI: 1.16–1.84) were at higher odds of MetS than those in Europe. Cross-sectional studies indicated women with depression were at higher odds of MetS (OR = 1.95; 95 %CI: 1.38–2.74) compared to men. In both types of studies, the odds of MetS decreased with age. Conclusions Metabolic syndrome is more common in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals.

scholarly journals The association of glycemic level and prevalence of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifei Chen ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Ranran Song ◽  
Wenxin Zhang ◽  
Tingping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Hba1c Concentration ◽  
Tuberculosis Prevalence ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Abstract Background Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for tuberculosis and poorly glycemic control may increase the risk of tuberculosis. We performed a meta-analysis to explore the association of glycemic control in diabetic patients and their tuberculosis prevalence. Methods We included observational studies that investigated the prevalence of tuberculosis associated with glycemic control. The markers of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose were used to evaluate the exposure of interest in the study. We searched related articles in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science through 14 December 2019. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias of included studies. Results Seventeen studies (four cohort studies, five case-control studies and eight cross-sectional studies) were included, involving 1,027,074 participants. The meta-analysis found the pooled odds ratio of prevalent tuberculosis increased a 2.05-fold (95%CI: 1.65, 2.55) for the patients with HbA1c ≥7.0% compared to those with HbA1c concentration < 7.0%. Furthermore, we found the mean of HbA1c was higher in the diabetes mellitus with tuberculosis group than the diabetes-only group (P = 0.002). In the sensitivity analysis, the finding remains consistent. Conclusion Our study provides the evidence that poorly controlled diabetes in diabetics may be associated with increased prevalence of tuberculosis. More efforts should focus on screening tuberculosis in uncontrolled diabetes.

Chinese parents’ comparisons of siblings and adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problems

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bin-Bin Chen ◽  
Yang Qu ◽  
Xiaochen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Chinese Parents ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Abstract Parents’ comparisons of siblings have been understudied among sibling research, especially in Chinese societies where the government recently relaxed its one-child policy. This study, using a two-wave longitudinal design, explored how parents’ comparisons of siblings were associated with adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problems. Study participants were 260 Chinese adolescents who had siblings and completed questionnaires that assessed their internalizing and externalizing problems, as well as their perceptions of parents’ critical comparisons of siblings. Cross-lagged modeling analysis showed that parents’ comparisons of siblings predicted more internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents 6 months later. Moreover, adolescents’ externalizing problems but not internalizing problems predicted more parents’ comparisons of siblings over time. These findings underscore the importance of reciprocal relations between parents’ comparisons of siblings and adolescents’ externalizing problems and the implication of cultural context in understanding associations between parental practices and adolescents’ adjustment.

scholarly journals Association between convalescent plasma and the risk of mortality among patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Shinta Oktya Wardhani ◽  
Jonny Karunia Fajar ◽  
Laksmi Wulandari ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto ◽  
Yeni Purnamasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Jadad Scale ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Background: Convalescent plasma (CCP) has been used for treating some infectious diseases; however, the efficacy of CCP in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains controversial. The aim of this research was to assess the efficacy of CCP as an adjunctive treatment in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and MedRix were searched for potentially relevant articles. All included papers were assessed for the quality using modified Jadad scale and Newcastle-Ottawa scale for randomized controlled trial (RCT) and non – RCT, respectively. We used a Q test and Egger test to assess the heterogeneity and publication bias among studies, respectively. Mortality rates between patients treated with standard treatment and standard treatment with CCP were compared using a Z test. Results: A total of 12 papers consisting of three cross-sectional studies, one prospective study, five retrospective studies, and three RCT studies were included in our analysis. Of them, a total of 1,937 patients treated with CCP and 3,405 patients without CCP were included. The risk of mortality was 1.92-fold higher in patients without CCP compared to patients treated with CCP (OR: 1.92; 95%CI: 1.33, 2.77; p=0.0005). In severe COVID-19 sub-group analysis, we found that patients without CCP had a 1.32 times higher risk of mortality than those treated with CCP (OR: 1.32; 95%CI: 1.09, 1.60; p=0.0040). Conclusions: CCP, as adjunctive therapy, could reduce the mortality rate among COVID-19 patients.

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