scholarly journals Distracted by details: Narrative influence following conflicting stories

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph John Pyne Simons ◽  
Melanie C. Green
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Confidence ◽  
Medical Disorder ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Narrative Influence

Work on narrative influence has demonstrated that stories can have a strong effect on people’s thoughts and attitudes. However, existing research has not addressed how people respond to multiple stories endorsing different conclusions. The current studies examined how reading two conflicting narratives influences people’s decisions about a subsequent situation, with particular emphasis on how resemblances between the narratives and the situation moderate the effects. Across two studies, participants read two testimonials which described the successful use of different treatments for a medical disorder, and then made treatment recommendations for a patient who resembled one of the testimonials in treatment-relevant ways. The key manipulation was whether the patient also resembled the other testimonial in treatment-irrelevant ways. Both studies found that these distracting, irrelevant similarities led to less appropriate treatment recommendations. The effect on decision confidence, however, was less clear, with some suggestion of both an increase (Study 1) and a decrease (Study 2) in confidence.

scholarly journals Management Considerations in Ruptured Isolated Radiculopial Artery Aneurysms

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C.G.M. Van Es ◽  
P.A. Brouwer ◽  
P.W.A. Willems
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Posterior Spinal Artery ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Paradigm ◽  
Slight Growth

Little is known on the natural history of ruptured isolated aneurysms of the posterior spinal artery (PSA). To date, only a few of such cases have been described in the literature. This paper aims to assess the most appropriate management strategy, based on the available literature and two new cases. In one of these, treatment was postponed until day 33, when angiography showed slight growth of the aneurysm. In the other, conservative treatment, requested by the patient, was successful. From these data, we conclude that treatment strategies for ruptured PSA aneurysms may vary. Aside from the recommendation by others to perform prompt surgical treatment, we suggest an alternative clinical paradigm allowing for the evaluation of the early clinical course. This may preclude the unnecessary treatment of spontaneously regressing lesions and still allows for appropriate treatment for persistent lesions.

scholarly journals Application of 25 MHz B-Scan Ultrasonography to Determine the Integrity of the Posterior Capsule in Posterior Polar Cataract

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawen Guo ◽  
Chengzhe Lu ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Jianmin Gao ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Posterior Capsule ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The Status ◽  
Posterior Capsule Rupture ◽  
Slit Lamp Microscopy ◽  
Capsule Rupture ◽  
Posterior Polar Cataract

Purpose. To report the application of 25 MHz B-scan ultrasonography (MHzB) to determine the integrity of the posterior capsule (PC) in posterior polar cataract (PPC). Methods. Patients with whom PPC was clinically diagnosed using slit lamp microscopy who underwent 25 MHzB before phacoemulsification were retrospectively reviewed. The status of the PC was determined by 25 MHzB before phacoemulsification and confirmed during cataract surgery. Results. In total, 21 eyes in 14 clinically diagnosed PPC patients were enrolled in this study. Out of 25 MHzB images, 19 PCs were found to be intact, while 2 showed dehiscence before cataract surgery. During phacoemulsification, 17 PCs were observed to be intact, while 4 PCs showed posterior capsule rupture (PCR). These 4 PCR cases included the above 2 eyes, in which preexisting dehiscence was detected by 25 MHzB. The other 2 PCR cases showed high reflectivity between high echoes in posterior opacities and the PC, indicating synechia between the PPC and PC. Conclusion. This is the first report to show that 25 MHzB can be used to clearly visualize the status of the PC in PPC. These results, in turn, could be used to select the appropriate treatment and to thereby avoid further complications during PPC surgery.

Medical IT Systems and Their Effect on Human Resources

2009 ◽  
pp. 649-654
Author(s):  
Robert J. Mockler ◽  
Dorothy G. Dologite
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
The Other ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Available Information

Initially, substantial information regarding the patient’s condition upon entrance into the hospital or emergency room is needed and has to be recorded in a readily available information source. To be effective, then, accurate information on the patient’s prior treatment and conditions is needed promptly and completely at each phase of the treatment process by the appropriate professional healthcare provider. Subsequently, the professionals treating the patient need to record information at each point in the treatment process in order for each professional to be able to effectively identify the nature of the ailment and to recommend and then perform the appropriate treatment. Problems arise with this process when it is largely paper-based or stored in nonintegrated systems. Medical IT systems, on the other hand, can affect improvement of healthcare services delivery at hospitals, as this chapter will show.

scholarly journals Influence of antibiotics on embryogenic tissue and Agrobacterium tumefaciens suppression in soybean genetic transformation

Bragantia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Wiebke ◽  
Fabricio Ferreira ◽  
Giancarlo Pasquali ◽  
Maria Helena Bodanese-Zanettini ◽  
Annette Droste
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Embryogenic Tissue ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Embryogenic Tissues

The influence of different antibiotic treatments in soybean genetic transformation was evaluated. First, an assay was performed to verify how different antibiotic treatments affect soybean embryogenic tissues. The effect of carbenicillin at 500 mg L-1 was genotype-dependent. This antibiotic did not affect embryo survival of cv. IAS5, but a three-fold increase of embryo proliferation was observed for cv. Bragg, when compared to the control. On the other hand, cefotaxime at 350 and 500 mg L-1 caused death of embryogenic tissues of both cultivars. Finally, the association of cefotaxime (250 mg L-1) + vancomycin (250 mg L-1) did not affect negatively the somatic embryos of tested cultivars until 63 days of treatment. Thereafter, a second experiment was carried out to determine the efficacy of different antibiotic treatments in suppressing LBA4404 Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain in genetic transformation. On tissue culture conditions, carbenicillin at 500 and 1000 mg L-1 was not active against Agrobacterium. On the other hand, treatments with cefotaxime at 350 and 500 mg L-1, and cefotaxime + vancomycin efficiently suppressed Agrobacterium during 49 days. Data of both experiments suggested cefotaxime + vancomycin for 49-63 days as the most appropriate treatment. This is the first work reporting the effect of antibiotics on soybean tissues. By identifying an antibiotic combination that suppressed A. tumefaciens with minimal phytotoxic effects, we are able to recommend it for improvement of soybean Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure.

scholarly journals Dermatoscopy of Verrucous Pigmented Lesions is Essential for Choosing the Appropriate Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Chiţu ◽  
Sabina Zurac ◽  
Alina E. Cipi
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Seborrheic Keratosis ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Seborrheic Keratoses ◽  
Histopathologic Confirmation

Abstract Dermatoscopy, as a noninvasive rapid method, which allows the viewing of melanin in the epidermis and papillary dermis, has an important role in diagnosis of the pigmented lesions localized on skin, mucous membrane, scalp and nails. The term of verrucous pigmented lesions includes a series of non-melanocytic and melanocytic, benign and malignant lesions. Among these, the most frequent is the seborrheic keratosis, a common epidermal tumor, affecting the sun exposed areas of adult. At the other end of the spectrum regarding the frequency is the seborrheic keratosis-like melanoma, whose underdiagnosis has a serious impact on the patient’s life. In this work we present the clinical and dermoscopical aspects of three cases of verrucous pigmented lesions (two seborrheic keratoses and one seborrheic keratosis-like melanoma) that determined the diagnostic algorithm as well as the therapeutic approach. The above-presented cases underline the importance of dermatoscopy to determine the malignant potential of the pigmented lesions, the final appropriate treatment being possible after the histopathologic confirmation.

A Family Systems Perspective on Acting-Out

1985 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adena R. Frager
Keyword(s):  
Family Systems ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Appropriate Treatment

Acting-out is viewed as a symptom reflecting one of four operating principles activated when a family is undergoing transitional stress. The principles are boundary dysfunction, systemic void, systemic intensity, and systemic rocking. Appropriate treatment recommendations are offered.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Four Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Self-Diagnosis Apps on Three Diagnoses: Two-Year Follow-Up Study

10.2196/18097 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. e18097
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Ćirković
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Over Time

Background Consumer-oriented mobile self-diagnosis apps have been developed using undisclosed algorithms, presumably based on machine learning and other artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The US Food and Drug Administration now discerns apps with learning AI algorithms from those with stable ones and treats the former as medical devices. To the author’s knowledge, no self-diagnosis app testing has been performed in the field of ophthalmology so far. Objective The objective of this study was to test apps that were previously mentioned in the scientific literature on a set of diagnoses in a deliberate time interval, comparing the results and looking for differences that hint at “nonlocked” learning algorithms. Methods Four apps from the literature were chosen (Ada, Babylon, Buoy, and Your.MD). A set of three ophthalmology diagnoses (glaucoma, retinal tear, dry eye syndrome) representing three levels of urgency was used to simultaneously test the apps’ diagnostic efficiency and treatment recommendations in this specialty. Two years was the chosen time interval between the tests (2018 and 2020). Scores were awarded by one evaluating physician using a defined scheme. Results Two apps (Ada and Your.MD) received significantly higher scores than the other two. All apps either worsened in their results between 2018 and 2020 or remained unchanged at a low level. The variation in the results over time indicates “nonlocked” learning algorithms using AI technologies. None of the apps provided correct diagnoses and treatment recommendations for all three diagnoses in 2020. Two apps (Babylon and Your.MD) asked significantly fewer questions than the other two (P<.001). Conclusions “Nonlocked” algorithms are used by self-diagnosis apps. The diagnostic efficiency of the tested apps seems to worsen over time, with some apps being more capable than others. Systematic studies on a wider scale are necessary for health care providers and patients to correctly assess the safety and efficacy of such apps and for correct classification by health care regulating authorities.

scholarly journals Genetic background in late-onset sensorineural hearing loss patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Uehara ◽  
Takeshi Fujita ◽  
Daisuke Yamashita ◽  
Jun Yokoi ◽  
Sayaka Katsunuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mild Phenotype ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss

AbstractGenetic testing for congenital or early-onset hearing loss patients has become a common diagnostic option in many countries. On the other hand, there are few late-onset hearing loss patients receiving genetic testing, as late-onset hearing loss is believed to be a complex disorder and the diagnostic rate for genetic testing in late-onset patients is lower than that for the congenital cases. To date, the etiology of late-onset hearing loss is largely unknown. In the present study, we recruited 48 unrelated Japanese patients with late-onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and performed genetic analysis of 63 known deafness gene using massively parallel DNA sequencing. As a result, we identified 25 possibly causative variants in 29 patients (60.4%). The present results clearly indicated that various genes are involved in late-onset hearing loss and a significant portion of cases of late-onset hearing loss is due to genetic causes. In addition, we identified two interesting cases for whom we could expand the phenotypic description. One case with a novel MYO7A variant showed a milder phenotype with progressive hearing loss and late-onset retinitis pigmentosa. The other case presented with Stickler syndrome with a mild phenotype caused by a homozygous frameshift COL9A3 variant. In conclusion, comprehensive genetic testing for late-onset hearing loss patients is necessary to obtain accurate diagnosis and to provide more appropriate treatment for these patients.

scholarly journals Cardiac lymphoma in dogs –

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. e153496
Author(s):  
Natália Pisciottano Noronha ◽  
Wiktor Prata Bakiewicz ◽  
Luiz Roberto Biondi ◽  
Patrícia Pereira Costa Chamas
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Present Report ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancy ◽  
Cardiac Lymphoma ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Chemotherapy Protocol

Lymphoma is a very common lymphoid malignancy in dogs, but cardiac involvement is rare. Primary cardiac lymphoma is defined as lymphoma involving the heart, the pericardium, or both, and is classified as extranodal anatomical form. The present report describes the cases of three animals with cardiac lymphoma. All cases presented moderate to severe pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. The cytological analysis of the effusion was consistent with the diagnosis of cardiac lymphoma. The anatomopathological evaluation of the tumor extracted from the heart of one of the animals, after euthanasia, was consistent with cardiac lymphoma. The other two animals were treated with Madison-Wisconsin chemotherapy protocol and survived between 6 to 8 months. This report emphasizes the importance of pericardial effusion cytology for the diagnosis, appropriate treatment approach and monitoring of cardiac tumors in dogs and cats.

Toad Intoxication in the Dog by Rhinella marina: The Clinical Syndrome and Current Treatment Recommendations

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Johnnides ◽  
Tiffany Green ◽  
Paul Eubig
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Rhinella Marina ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
High Fatality Rate

ABSTRACT Oral exposure to the secretions of Rhinella marina (formerly Bufo marinus) can carry a high fatality rate without early and appropriate treatment. In dogs, the clinical syndrome, which is evident almost immediately, manifests in profuse ptyalism along with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and neurologic signs. Severe cardiac arrhythmias develop less frequently. This review will cover the history, toxicology, and clinical syndrome of Rhinella marina intoxication, and will discuss the recommended therapies for stabilization.

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