scholarly journals Testing the effects of COVID-19 confinement in Spanish children: The role of parents’ distress, emotional problems and specific parenting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estrella Romero ◽  
Laura López-Romero ◽  
Beatriz Domínguez-Álvarez ◽  
Paula Villar ◽  
José Antonio Gómez-Fraguela
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Child Adjustment ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Parenting Distress

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a great impact in our society. Because of its rapid spread, many countries, including Spain, were forced to impose drastic measures (i.e., restrictive lockdowns) to guarantee social distancing and isolation. In some countries, like Spain, these measures were particularly restrictive for children, who were forced to stay at home for more than 40 days, suffering a drastic change in their daily routines. The present study aimed to examine the effects of the Spanish confinement derived from the COVID-19 crisis on children and their families, accounting for child’s age. A range of child negative (e.g., conduct problems) and positive outcomes (e.g., routine maintenance) were examined, along with a set of parent-related variables, including resilience, perceived distress, emotional problems, parenting distress and specific parenting practices (e.g., structured or avoidant parenting), which were modeled through Path Analysis to better understand child adjustment. Data was collected in April 2020, through parent-reports, on a sample of 1,123 Spanish children (50% girls) aged three to 12 (Mage = 7.26; SD = 2.39). Results suggested that, according to parents’ information, most children did not show important changes in behavior, although some increase rates were observed for both negative and positive outcomes. Child adjustment was influenced by a chain of effects, derived from parents’ perceived distress and emotional response to the COVID-19 crisis, via parenting distress and specific parenting practices. While parenting distress particularly triggered child negative outcomes, specific parenting practices were more closely related to child positive outcomes. These findings may help to better inform, for potential future outbreaks, effective guidelines and prevention programs aimed at promoting child’s well-being in the family.

scholarly journals Testing the Effects of COVID-19 Confinement in Spanish Children: The Role of Parents’ Distress, Emotional Problems and Specific Parenting

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 6975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estrella Romero ◽  
Laura López-Romero ◽  
Beatriz Domínguez-Álvarez ◽  
Paula Villar ◽  
Jose Antonio Gómez-Fraguela
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Child Adjustment ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Parenting Distress

The present study aimed to examine the effects of the Spanish confinement derived from the COVID-19 crisis on children and their families, accounting for child’s age. A range of child negative (e.g., conduct problems) and positive outcomes (e.g., routine maintenance) were examined, along with a set of parent-related variables, including resilience, perceived distress, emotional problems, parenting distress and specific parenting practices (e.g., structured or avoidant parenting), which were modeled through path analysis to better understand child adjustment. Data were collected in April 2020, with information for the present study provided by 940 (89.6%) mothers, 102 (9.7%) fathers and 7 (0.7%) different caregivers, who informed on 1049 Spanish children (50.4% girls) aged 3 to 12 years (Mage = 7.29; SD = 2.39). The results suggested that, according to parents’ information, most children did not show important changes in behavior, although some increasing rates were observed for both negative and positive outcomes. Child adjustment was influenced by a chain of effects, derived from parents’ perceived distress and emotional response to the COVID-19 crisis, via parenting distress and specific parenting practices. While parenting distress in particular triggered child negative outcomes, specific parenting practices were more closely related to child positive outcomes. These findings may help to better inform, for potential future outbreaks, effective guidelines and prevention programs aimed at promoting the child’s well-being in the family.

A single session Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention to help parents cope with children’s anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: Intervention study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarja Korpilahti-Leino ◽  
Terhi Luntamo ◽  
Terja Ristkari ◽  
Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Children’S Anxiety

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on families’ daily routines and psychosocial well-being, and technology has played a key role in providing socially distanced health care services. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this paper are two-fold. First, to describe the content and delivery of a single-session, Internet-based, cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) intervention, which has been developed to help parents cope with children’s anxiety and manage daily situations with their children. Second, to report user adherence and satisfaction among the first participants who completed the intervention. METHODS The Together we’ll manage intervention has been developed by the Department of Child Psychiatry at the University of Turku, Finland. It combines evidence-based CBT elements, such as psychoeducation and skills to manage anxiety, with parent training programs that strengthen how parents interact with their child and handle daily situations. A pre-post design was used to examine user satisfaction and the skills the parents learned. Participants were recruited using advertisements, media activity, day care centers and schools, and asked about background characteristics, emotional symptoms and parenting practices before they underwent the ICBT. After they completed the seven themes, they were asked what new parenting skills they had learned from the ICBT and how satisfied they were with the program. RESULTS Of the 602 participants who filled in the baseline survey, 205 (34%) completed the program’s seven themes and 189 (31%) completed the post-intervention survey. Most of the participants were satisfied with the program (73%) and had learned skills that eased both their anxiety (75%) and their children’s (83%). The majority (83%) reported that they learned how to organize their daily routines better and just over half (53%) said the program improved how they planned each day with their children. CONCLUSIONS The single-session ICBT helped parents to face the psychological demands of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should determine how the participation rate and adherence can be optimized in digital, universal interventions. This will help to determine what kinds of programs should be developed, including their content and delivery.

Which parents dropout from an evidence-based parenting programme (Triple-P) at CAMHS? Comparison of programme-completing and dropout parents

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Ozbek ◽  
Ozlem Gencer ◽  
Aybüke Tugçe Mustan
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Parenting Programme ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Behavioural And Emotional Problems

Evidence-based parenting programmes are beneficial for children’s behavioural and emotional problems as well as parenting practices. Along with effectiveness, attendance affects the programme outcome and identification of risks associated with dropout may aid in development of special policy to increase engagement. In this study, we aimed to compare sociodemographics, parental attitudes, child behavioural and emotional problems of programme-completing and dropout parents from Level-4 Triple-P parenting programme applied at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). We also aimed to determine the attrition rate. In addition, we inquired whether there was a change in parenting styles and child behaviour and emotional problems before and after Level-4 Triple-P for the programme-completing parents at CAMHS. Results displayed that 52% ( n = 58) of the parents who were significantly less educated, used hostile rejecting attitudes, and reported more hyperactive/inattentive behaviour in their children compared to the parents who competed the programme ( p = 0.022, p = 0.016, p = 0.027, respectively) discontinued the programme. Parents who were able to complete the programme ( n = 54) reported a reduction in over-parenting and improvements in children’s conduct problems along with overall stress levels before and after Triple-P ( p = 0.009, p = 0.040, p = 0.023). Parents at risk of discontinuing parenting programmes may require special policy to be engaged since these programmes may offer significant benefits for parenting practices and, in turn, children’s well-being.

Finnish refugee children’s experiences of Swedish refugee camps during the Second World War

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Merja Paksuniemi
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
World War ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Camp Life ◽  
Second World

This article seeks to demonstrate how Finnish refugee children experienced living in Swedish refugee camps during the Second World War (1939–1945). The study focuses on children’s opinions and experiences reflected through adulthood. The data were collected through retrospective interviews with six adults who experienced wartime as children in Finland and were evacuated to Sweden as refugees. Five of the interviewees were female and one of them was male. The study shows, it was of decisive importance to the refugee children’s well-being to have reliable adults around them during the evacuation and at the camps. The findings demonstrate that careful planning made a significant difference to the children´s adaptations to refugee camp life. The daily routines at the camp, such as regular meals, play time and camp school, reflected life at home and helped the children to continue their lives, even under challenging circumstances.

Self-compassion and empathy in caregiver and comparison groups: Differences in negative components

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Beals ◽  
Melissa Birkett
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Descriptive Information ◽  
Supportive Behavior ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Health And Well Being

Self-compassion and empathy are positively associated with mental health, physical health, and well-being. Caregivers higher in self-compassion and empathy show increased caring and supportive behavior. Cultivating self-compassion and empathy have been suggested to enhance positive outcomes, however descriptive information about these constructs is lacking for caregiver and comparison groups. The current study examined self-compassion and empathy among caregivers (self-identified parents of at least one child under 18 years of age; n=335) and a comparison group (n=215). Caregivers had higher scores of total self-compassion and empathy, with lower scores of self-judgement, isolation, and overidentification (self-compassion subscales), and personal distress (empathy subscale). Describing self-compassion and empathy in caregiver and comparison groups has implications for key health outcomes and highlights differences in self- and other-directed constructs in a diverse sample of adults.

Parenting and the Prosocial Behaviors of Children Across Cultures

2019 ◽  
pp. 162-178
Author(s):  
Maria Rosario T. de Guzman ◽  
Aileen S. Garcia ◽  
Irene O. Padasas ◽  
Bernice Vania N. Landoy
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Inductive Discipline ◽  
Parenting Dimensions

A large body of empirical work has shown the role that parenting plays in the development of prosocial behaviors of children. Parenting styles (e.g., democratic versus authoritarian) and parenting practices (e.g., inductive discipline versus guilt-shame induction) in particular have been empirically linked to prosocial behaviors as well as numerous other well-being indicators in children. What is less understood is the role that culture and cultural context might play in the parenting-prosocial nexus. This chapter explores the contributions of culture comparative and in-depth cultural studies of parenting and children’s prosocial behaviors. These studies extend the range of variability of parenting dimensions and contexts as they relate to children’s prosocial outcomes – providing a means of testing the generalizability of theory in a wider range of settings, as well as in identifying facets of parenting and family life that may otherwise be neglected in current scholarship. Collectively, studies support traditional socialization theories and show how numerous parenting dimensions are linked to prosocial outcomes in children in several cultural communities. Nonetheless, emerging research suggests culturally embedded processes that impact upon the parenting and prosocial link - meriting closer attention for future scholarship.

scholarly journals Contested Daily Routines, Contested Care. Children with Type 1 Diabetes in Covid-19 Times

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melike Şahinol ◽  
Gülşah Başkavak
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Solvable Problem ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractThe conventional treatment of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is especially demanding for children, both physically and psychologically (Iversen et al. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being,13(1), 1487758, 2018). Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems (CGM) are an important aid for children and their families in dealing with the disease. In their work, however, Şahinol and Başkavak (2020) point out that CGM carry the risk of viewing T1D as a technologically solvable problem instead of considering the disease as a whole. This is mainly creating confidence in technology due to CGM experiences while neglecting significant dietary measures and exercises needed to be integrated into daily routines. During the current pandemic, this problem seems to take on a whole new level. Based on two periods of in-depth interviews and observations conducted with 8 families with T1D children aged 6 to 14 living in Istanbul and Ankara (Turkey) from May to November 2019 and again from May to June 2020, we compare and focus on the experiences prior to and during the pandemic time. We argue that despite the possibility of technological regulation of the disease, the vulnerability of children is increased and, more than ever, depends on socio-bio-technical entanglements.

scholarly journals The Relational Fit in Organizational Interventions—What Can Organizational Research Learn from Research in Psychotherapy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8104
Author(s):  
Malene Friis Andersen ◽  
Karina Nielsen ◽  
Jeppe Zielinski Nguyen Ajslev
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Organizational Interventions ◽  
Therapist Factors ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
The Way

There is a growing interest in organizational interventions (OI) aiming to increase employees’ well-being. An OI involves changes in the way work is designed, organized, and managed. Studies have shown that an OI’s positive results are increased if there is a good fit between context and intervention and between participant and intervention. In this article, we propose that a third fit—the Relational Fit (R-Fit)—also plays an important role in determining an intervention’s outcome. The R-Fit consists of factors related to 1) the employees participating in the OI, 2) the intervention facilitator, and 3) the quality of the relation between participants and the intervention facilitator. The concept of the R-Fit is inspired by research in psychotherapy documenting that participant factors, therapist factors, and the quality of the relations explain 40% of the effect of an intervention. We call attention to the importance of systematically evaluating and improving the R-Fit in OIs. This is important to enhance the positive outcomes in OIs and thereby increase both the well-being and productivity of employees. We introduce concrete measures that can be used to study and evaluate the R-Fit. This article is the first to combine knowledge from research in psychotherapy with research on OIs.

Distinguishing feast-watching from cringe-watching: Planned, social, and attentive binge-watching predicts increased well-being and decreased regret

2021 ◽  
pp. 135485652199918
Author(s):  
Matthew Pittman ◽  
Emil Steiner
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Singular Behavior ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Anxiety Depression

This study seeks to add nuance to the definition of binge-watching by identifying the subtypes of the general practice that reflect viewer rituals, motives, and outcomes. The two subtypes are (1) the healthy practice of ‘feast-watching’ and (2) the unhealthy practice of ‘cringe-watching’. While binge-watching as a singular behavior has been associated with anxiety, depression, and loneliness, a survey ( N = 800) finds that binge-watching which is solo, accidental, and distracted (cringe-watching) predicts increased regret and decreased well-being. However, binge-watching that is planned, social, and attentive (feast-watching) predicts positive outcomes. These subtypes add much needed organizational clarity to the discussion of binge-watching, which, due to its popularity, has grown into a catchall for extended video consumption.

scholarly journals Family Processes, Parenting Practices, and Psychosocial Maturity of Chinese Youths: A Latent Variable Interaction and Mediation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4357
Author(s):  
Jerf W. K. Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Processes ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Authoritative Parenting ◽  
Family Socialization ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Psychosocial Maturity

Development of psychosocial maturity has profound implications for youths’ well-being and positive development in the long run. Nevertheless, little research has investigated the way family socialization contributes to youths’ psychosocial maturity. Both the concepts of family socialization and psychosocial maturity are multifaceted and latent, which may lead to biased results if studied by manifest variables. Also, no existing research has discovered how different family socialization components interact latently to contribute to youths’ psychosocial maturity. The current study, based on a sample of 533 Chinese parent-youth dyads, examined the effects of family socialization by positive family processes and authoritative parenting, and their latent interaction in an integrated moderation and mediation modeling framework on Chinese youths’ psychosocial maturity. Results showed that both positive family processes and authoritative parenting, and their latent interaction significantly predicted the higher psychosocial maturity of Chinese youths. Authoritative parenting acted as a mediator for the relationship between positive family processes and Chinese youths’ psychosocial maturity. Furthermore, the mediating effect of authoritative parenting was conditioned by different contexts of positive family processes, the strongest and least strong effects found in high and low positive family processes, respectively, and moderate effect observed in medium positive family processes. Findings of the current study contribute to our understanding of the complicated family mechanism in relation to youth development, especially in this digital era.

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