scholarly journals Greens or Space Invaders: Prominent Utopian Themes and Effects on Social Change Motivation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Fernando ◽  
Léan V. O’Brien ◽  
Nicholas J. Burden ◽  
Madeline Judge ◽  
Yoshihisa Kashima
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Ideal Society ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Change Motivation ◽  
Low Motivation

One way in which individuals can participate in changing the society they live in is through the pursuit of an ideal society or ‘utopia’; however, the content of that utopia is a likely determinant of its motivational impact. Here we examined two predominant prototypes of utopia derived from previous research and theory - the Green and Sci-Fi utopias. When participants were primed with either of these utopias, the Green utopia was perceived to entail a range of other positive characteristics (e.g. warmth, positive emotions) and - provided it was positively evaluated – tended to elicit both motivation and behaviour for social change. In contrast, the Sci-Fi utopia was associated with low motivation, even when it was positively evaluated. Furthermore, the Modern Green utopia was shown to elicit greater perceptions of collective self-efficacy, which in turn predicted the increase in social change motivation.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Peer Attachment and Aggressive Behavior among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Effect of Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7123
Author(s):  
Haitao Liu ◽  
Kai Dou ◽  
Chengfu Yu ◽  
Yangang Nie ◽  
Xue Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Peer Attachment ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to test the association between peer attachment and aggressive behavior, as well as the mediating effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy on this relationship. A total of 1171 (582 male, 589 female) Chinese adolescents completed self-reported questionnaires that assessed peer attachment, regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and aggressive behavior. Path analysis showed that the negative association between peer attachment and adolescent aggressive behavior was mediated by self-efficacy in managing negative emotions. However, the mediating effect of self-efficacy in expressing positive emotions was nonsignificant. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the indirect paths mentioned above between male and female respondents. These findings highlight self-efficacy in managing negative emotions as a potential mechanism linking peer attachment to adolescent aggressive behavior.

scholarly journals The effects of constructive television news reporting on prosocial intentions and behavior in children: The role of negative emotions and self-efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris van Venrooij ◽  
Tobias Sachs ◽  
Mariska Kleemans
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Television News ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
News Story ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
News Video ◽  
Prosocial Intentions ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract To reduce negative emotional responses and to stimulate prosociality, constructive journalism promotes the inclusion of positive emotions and solutions in news. This study experimentally tested whether including those elements indeed increased prosocial intentions and behavior among children, and whether negative emotions and self-efficacy are mediators in this regard. To this end, children (N = 468; 9 to 13 years old) were exposed to an emotion-based, solution-based, or non-constructive news video. Results showed that emotion-based and solution-based news reduced children’s negative emotions compared to non-constructive news. No direct effects for prosocial intentions were found, but solution-based news led to less prosocial behavior (i. e., money donated) than emotion-based and non-constructive news. Moreover, negative emotions served as a mediator, self-efficacy did not. The more negative emotions were elicited by a news story, the higher the prosocial intentions and behavior. In conclusion, a constructive style of reporting helps to reduce children’s negative emotional responses but subsequently hinders prosociality.

Mitigating the consequences of negative news: How constructive journalism enhances self-efficacy and news credibility

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492110627
Author(s):  
Christian Staal Bruun Overgaard
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Negative News ◽  
News Credibility ◽  
Broaden And Build Theory ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Constructive Journalism

An informed electorate is vital for a well-functioning democracy. Yet many citizens intentionally avoid the news because it evokes negative feelings of disempowerment and distrust. This study ( n = 270) investigated how social media exposure to a new journalistic approach, constructive journalism, influences news consumers. The results showed that constructive social media posts, as compared to negative posts, led to higher levels of positive affect, self-efficacy, and perceived news credibility. In line with the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, the effects on self-efficacy and news credibility were mediated by positive affect. A similar mediating role was found for negative affect, counter to the theoretical expectations. These findings shed new light on the broaden-and-build theory, suggesting parts of it generalize to the context of news exposure on social media. The findings also suggest that constructive journalism may be an effective way to mitigate some of the main drivers of news avoidance in the 21st century.

scholarly journals Play, Playfulness, and Self-Efficacy: Parental Experiences with Children on the Autism Spectrum

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Román-Oyola ◽  
Verónica Figueroa-Feliciano ◽  
Yoliannie Torres-Martínez ◽  
Jorge Torres-Vélez ◽  
Keyshla Encarnación-Pizarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Parental Experiences ◽  
Coaching Strategies

Background. Play serves as an essential medium for parent-child interaction; however, engaging children with ASD through play can be a challenge for parents.Purpose. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perspectives of parents with children on the autism spectrum regarding play experiences and self-efficacy during play encounters.Method. Semistructured interviews were administered to 8 parents of children 3–7 years of age with ASD. The analysis was guided by the constant comparison method.Findings. Parental narratives denoted playful experiences reflecting components of Skard and Bundy’s model of playfulness. The facilitation of framing and suspension of reality were generally more challenging than facilitating intrinsic motivation and internal control. Participants associated self-efficacy during play with their perceived ability to interact with their child and with positive emotions experienced during play. Fathers generally derived a greater sense of self-efficacy from play encounters than mothers, and this was explained by differences in fathers’ and mothers’ motivations for playing. Mothers were motivated to play for outcome-oriented reasons (e.g., promote the child’s progress) whereas fathers’ motivations depicted greater emotional emphasis, reflecting a better match between motivation and perceived indicators of efficacy during play.Conclusion. The results suggest that a good match between motivation for playing and perceived indicators of efficacy during play is important for a parental sense of self-efficacy. Occupational therapists should utilize coaching strategies to increase parents’ understanding of play and playfulness and how they can affect a sense of parental self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Relationships between Academic Self-Efficacy, Learning-Related Emotions, and Metacognitive Learning Strategies with Academic Performance in Medical Students: A Structural Equation Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Hayat ◽  
Karim Shatery ◽  
Mitra Amini ◽  
Nasrin Shokrpour
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Academic Emotions ◽  
Metacognitive Learning ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

Abstract Recognition of the factors affecting the medical students’ academic success is one of the most important challenges and concerns in medical schools. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of metacognitive learning strategies in the relationship between learning-related emotions and academic self-efficacy with academic performance in medical students. Methods: The present study was carried out on 279 students of medicine studying in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The students filled out three questionnaires: academic emotions (AEQ), metacognitive learning strategies, and academic self-efficacy questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS3. Results: The results of structural equation modeling revealed that the students’ self-efficacy has an impact on their positive emotions and metacognitive learning strategies, and these in turn affect the students’ academic performance. Moreover, positive emotions influence the metacognitive learning strategies which in turn mediate the effect of positive emotions on the academic performance. Discussion: The results of this study revealed that metacognitive strategies can play a mediating role in the students’ self-efficacy, positive emotions, and academic performance. Therefore, in case we can strengthen the students’ self-efficacy and their positive academic emotions, their performance will improve.

Relationship Among Practice Change, Motivation, and Self-Efficacy

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. S5-S10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsy W. Williams ◽  
Harold A. Kessler ◽  
Michael V. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Practice Change ◽  
Change Motivation

scholarly journals Effects of active learning methodologies on the students’ emotions, self-efficacy beliefs and learning outcomes in a science distance learning course

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Su Jeong ◽  
David González-Gómez ◽  
Florentina Cañada-Cañada ◽  
Alejandrina Gallego-Picó ◽  
Juan Carlos Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Distance Learning Program

Distance education programs in higher education are gaining popularity mostly due to the flexibility of the formative programs to fit all the requirements that brick-and-mortar educational institutions are not able to provide to students. However, quite often these distance programs report feelings of isolation, lack of self-direction and management, and eventual decrease in motivation levels. Thus, the main aim of this research is to assess the effect of following an active learning methodology on the students’ emotions, self-efficacy beliefs and learning outcomes in the context of a distance learning program in an Atmospheric Pollution course. According to the results, the use of these methodologies not only had a significant promotion in the positive emotions and self-efficacy beliefs, but also positive impact in the students’ learning outcomes. The results obtained in this research demonstrate that following an appropriate learning methodology in a distance program could contribute to reduce the main handicaps of these programs.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Italian Versions of the Gambling Urge Scale (GUS) and the Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GRSEQ)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Iliceto ◽  
Emanuele Fino ◽  
Mauro Schiavella ◽  
Tian Po Oei
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Gender

AbstractGambling urges and gambling refusal self-efficacy beliefs play a major role in the development and maintenance of problem gambling. This study aimed to translate the Gambling Urge Scale (GUS) and the Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GRSEQ) from English to Italian (GUS-I, GRSEQ-I) and to test their factor structure, internal consistency, construct validity, concurrent validity, and gender differences in 513 individuals from the Italian community. Factor structure and construct validity were tested through Confirmatory Factor Analysis, internal consistency through Cronbach’s alpha, concurrent validity through correlations with gambling-related cognitions (GRCS-I), probable pathological gambling (SOGS-I), and gambling functioning (GFA-R-I). Results confirmed that the 6 items of the GUS-I load highly on one dimension of Gambling Urge, and each of the 26 items of the GRSEQ-I load highly on their relevant sub-dimension, among the following: situations/thoughts, drugs, positive emotions, negative emotions. Both scales are internally consistent and show concurrent validity with gambling-related cognitions, probable pathological gambling, and gambling functioning. Males score higher than females at the GUS-I; females score higher than males at the GRSEQ-I. The findings from the present study suggest that the GUS-I and the GRSEQ-I are internally consistent and valid scales for the assessment of gambling urges and gambling refusal self-efficacy in Italian individuals from the community, with significant repercussions in terms of assessment, prevention, and intervention.

Preference for Non-Cooperative Economic Strategies is Associated with Lower Perceived Self-Efficacy, Fewer Positive Emotions, and Less Optimism

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-212
Author(s):  
Vassia Karamanoli ◽  
Kyriaki Fousiani ◽  
Maria Sakalaki
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Game Situation ◽  
Economic Strategies

The goal was to investigate the association of economic opportunism with self-efficacy, optimism, and positive emotion. It was hypothesized that economic opportunists should experience lower self-efficacy, less positive thinking, and less optimism. Study 1 ( N = 206) showed that economic opportunism was negatively correlated with self-efficacy, optimism, and positive affect, and positively correlated with negative affect. Study 2 ( N = 128) indicated that individuals reporting higher self-efficacy were less likely to defect on their counterparts in a game situation. These findings show the negative association of opportunistic propensity with self-efficacy and positive emotions. Implications for experimental research on economic opportunism and positive emotions are discussed.

scholarly journals Correlations Between Personality, Affective and Filial Self-Efficacy Beliefs, and Psychological Well-Being in a Sample of Italian Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Tommasi ◽  
Paola Grassi ◽  
Michela Balsamo ◽  
Laura Picconi ◽  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
High Level ◽  
Italian Adolescents

Adolescence is a critical period for the emergence of a balanced personality in adults. Extraversion, neuroticism, and affective self-efficacy beliefs in emotion regulation showed to be good predictors of psychological well-being in adolescents. We analyzed the association between affective self-efficacy beliefs, personality traits, and psychological well-being of 179 Italian adolescents. We also analyzed the connection between adolescents’ filial self-efficacy beliefs and psychological well-being and possible moderating effects of self-efficacy beliefs on personality traits. Results show that extraversion, neuroticism, and self-efficacy beliefs in emotion regulation are correlated with psychological well-being, while filial self-efficacy does not. Self-efficacy beliefs do not show significant moderating effects on personality traits, even if self-efficacy beliefs in expressing positive emotions reduce negative characteristics of individuals with high level of psychoticism.

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