scholarly journals Unsupervised high-frequency smartphone-based cognitive assessments are reliable, valid, and feasible in older adults at risk for Alzheimer disease.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Nicosia ◽  
Andy J. Aschenbrenner ◽  
David Balota ◽  
Martin Sliwinski ◽  
Marisol Tahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Composite Scores

Smartphones have the potential for capturing subtle changes in cognition that characterize preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD) in older adults. The Ambulatory Research in Cognition (ARC) smartphone application is based on principles from ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and administers brief tests of associative memory, processing speed, and working memory up to 4 times per day over 7 consecutive days. ARC was designed to be administered unsupervised using participants’ personal devices in their everyday environments. We evaluated the reliability and validity of ARC in a sample of 268 cognitively normal older adults (ages 65-97) and 22 individuals with very mild dementia (ages 61-88). Participants completed at least one 7-day cycle of ARC testing and conventional cognitive assessments; most also completed cerebrospinal fluid, amyloid and tau PET, and structural MRI studies. First, results indicated that ARC tasks were reliable as between person reliability across the 7-day cycle and test-retest reliabilities at 6-month and 1-year follow-ups all exceeded 0.85. Second, ARC demonstrated construct validity as evidenced by correlations with conventional cognitive measures (r = 0.53 between composite scores). Third, ARC measures correlated with AD biomarker burden at baseline to a similar degree as conventional cognitive measures. Finally, the intensive 7-day cycle indicated that ARC was feasible (86.50% approached chose to enroll), well tolerated (80.42% adherence, 4.83% dropout), and was rated favorably by older adult participants. Overall, the results suggest that ARC is reliable and valid and represents a feasible tool for assessing cognitive changes associated with the earliest stages of AD.

scholarly journals The CoGenT3 Study: Examining Gender’s Impact on Education and Cognition Trends in Three American Generations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 696-697
Author(s):  
Shana Stites ◽  
Hannah Cao ◽  
Jeanine Gill ◽  
Kristin Harkins ◽  
Jonathan Rubright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
College Education ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Over Time

Abstract How older adults protect their cognitive health, reduce their risk for cognitive decline, and manage cognitive changes vary for men and women. To advance what is known about these differences and to promote inclusion of sexual and gender minorities in research, we are developing an empirically-informed research framework for studying gender effects in aging and Alzheimer’s research. In this presentation, we describe the framework informing our approach and present results from analyses of gender effects in The Health and Retirement Study that examine gender differences in the associations observed between education and cognitive measures in older adults. Our findings show gender’s effects on education vary in direction and magnitude as gender norms changed over time. Although college education serves as a factor protective against cognitive decline, characteristics of who achieves a four-year college degree change over time. We discuss the implications of our results for aging and Alzheimer’s disease research.

The portuguese version of the personal and social performance scale (PSP): reliability, validity, and relationship with cognitive measures in hospitalized and community schizophrenia patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1442-1442
Author(s):  
S. Brissos ◽  
J.G. Marques ◽  
F. Palhavã ◽  
S. Mexia ◽  
A.L. Carmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Original Measure

IntroductionDeficits in social functioning are a core feature of schizophrenia and are influenced by both symptomatic and neurocognitive variables.ObjectivesIn the present study we aimed to determine the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale, and possible correlations with measures of cognitive functioning.MethodsOne-hundred and four community and inpatients with schizophrenia were assessed using measures of social functioning and symptom severity alongside measures of executive function, processing speed and verbal memory.ResultsThe reliability of the PSP was found to be satisfactory, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.789. Inter-rater reliability in the four domains of the PSP varied from 0.430 to 0.954. Low-functioning patients (PSP < 70) were older, had longer duration of illness, were more symptomatic and had worse cognitive performances, as compared to high-functioning patients (PSP ≥ 70). In a regression model, deficits in social functioning were strongly predicted both by symptomatic and neurocognitive variables; these together accounted for up to 62% of the variance.ConclusionsThe present study supports the reliability and validity of the Portuguese language version of the PSP and further supports the original measure. The co-administration of brief cognitive assessments with measures of functioning may lead to more focused interventions, possibly improving outcomes in this group.

Prediction of cognitive function based on structural MRI images using a 3D convolutional neural net among cognitively normal older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. S65-S66
Author(s):  
Ashti Shah ◽  
Akiko Mizuno ◽  
Linghai Wang ◽  
Andrea Weinstein ◽  
Howard Aizenstein
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Neural Net ◽  
Cognitively Normal

scholarly journals Complex multimorbidity and mortality in Japan: a prospective propensity-matched cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e046749
Author(s):  
Daisuke Kato ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
Junko Saito ◽  
Naoki Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality

ObjectivesThere are limitations to defining multimorbidity (MM) based on a simple count of diseases. To address these limitations, the concept of complex MM (CMM) focuses on how many body systems are affected in a single patient, rather than counting comorbid conditions. This study compared the prediction of mortality among older Japanese adults between CMM and conventional MM.DesignA population-based prospective cohort study.SettingThe Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide longitudinal cohort study, which ran from 2010 to 2016.ParticipantsFunctionally independent individuals who were older than 65 and had complete illness data at the time of baseline survey were eligible.Outcomes measureCMM was defined as the coexistence of 3 or more body system disorders at baseline. We calculated the propensity for each individual to develop CMM based on a wide array of characteristics, including socioeconomic status and health behaviours. Individuals with and without CMM were then matched on their propensity scores before we estimated overall survival using a log-rank test.ResultsOur 6-year follow-up included 38 889 older adults: 20 233 (52.0%) and 7565 (19.5%) adults with MM and CMM, respectively. In the MM-matched cohort (n=15 666 pairs), the presence of MM was significantly associated with increased mortality (HR 1.07; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.14; p=0.02 by the log-rank test). A similar mortality association was found in the CMM-matched cohort (n=7524 pairs, HR, 1.07; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.16; p=0.08 by the log-rank test).ConclusionThis is the first study to report the association between CMM and mortality among older adults in Japan. MM and CMM predict mortality in older adults to a similar degree. This finding needs to be replicated with more precision in larger samples.

scholarly journals Older Adult Peer Specialists’ Role in Reducing Loneliness Among People With Mental Health Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 662-662
Author(s):  
Karen Fortuna ◽  
George Mois ◽  
Jessica Brooks ◽  
Amanda Myers ◽  
Cynthia Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Real World ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Potential Effectiveness ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Management Intervention

Abstract PeerTECH is a peer-delivered and technology-support integrated medical and psychiatric self-management intervention developed by peers. A pre/post trial by our group has shown PeerTECH is associated with statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy for managing chronic disease and psychiatric self-management skills. This presentation will discuss the feasibility and potential effectiveness of using ecological momentary assessments (EMA) with older adults with mental health conditions to allow us to recognize early signs of loneliness and intervene as early as possible in real-world settings. EMA involves repeated sampling of an individual’s behaviors and experiences in real time, real-world environments on the smartphone application. Then, we will discuss the main and interactive effects of loneliness and factors linked to mortality. In conclusion, we will discuss potential effectiveness of PeerTECH with older adults with SMI.

scholarly journals Using a Performance Based Assessment Tool of Everyday IADL to Determine Driving Risk in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 731-731
Author(s):  
Anne Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Suburban Communities ◽  
Crash Rates ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Driving Impairment ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Performance Based Assessment

Abstract For older adults living in rural/suburban communities, driving is often their only means of transportation. Although considered safe drivers, drivers older than 70 years have higher crash rates with fatality rates amplified due to the increased frailty/fragility. However, research evidence clearly indicates that cognitive factors contribute to driving impairment in older adults. Occupational therapists, as experts in observation of functional performance, use the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS), for measurement of performance in everyday activities using two scales (motor and process). Previously demonstrated as a sensitive tool for cognitive changes, this presentation will summarize the research outcomes between older adults with cognitive impairment (N=57+) and without (N=53) who completed a comprehensive driving evaluation. Analysis of the two samples using receiving operating curves suggests the AMPS has potentially excellent specificity and sensitivity, specifically AUC = 0.826(0.73-0.92) for motor, AUC = 0.909(0.84-0.98) for process, and AUC = 0.936(0.88-0.99) together. Part of a symposium sponsored by Transportation and Aging Interest Group.

scholarly journals HealtheBrain: an innovative smartphone application to improve cognitive function in older adults

mHealth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 17-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Shellington ◽  
Tina Felfeli ◽  
Ryosuke Shigematsu ◽  
Dawn P. Gill ◽  
Robert J. Petrella
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Smartphone Application

Methodological Note on Use of the Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression Scale with Older Samples

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-824
Author(s):  
James A. Thorson ◽  
F. C. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Composite Scores

Samples of older adults ( ns = 600, 251, and 214) given the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale by telephone seem to have composite scores that are much lower than those who are interviewed face-to-face.

scholarly journals Fear of Falling and Cognitive Decline in Healthy Aging Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 265-265
Author(s):  
Rebecca Kraut ◽  
Roee Holtzer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Aging Adults

Abstract Fear of Falling (FOF) is common and associated with poor mobility in aging but whether persistence of FOF endorsement influences cognitive decline has not been reported. Here we determined the effect of FOF, measured dichotomously and after accounting for persistence, on decline in global cognitive function (GCF), memory, and attention/executive functions. Older adults with persistent FOF (n=81; mean age=77.63±6.67 yrs; %female=74.1), transient FOF (n=60; mean age=76.93±6.01 yrs; %female=61.7), and no FOF (n=286; mean age=75.77±6.42 yrs; %female=49.3) were included. FOF was assessed through yes/no responses to “do you have a fear of falling?” at baseline. GCF was assessed using RBANS; memory was assessed using a composite score comprising the immediate and delayed recall index scores from RBANS; attention/executive functions were assessed via a composite score comprising TMT A & B, letter and category fluency tasks, and digit symbol modalities. Cognitive measures were administered annually for up to six years. Linear mixed effects models revealed that persistent FOF was associated with a worse decline in GCF compared to both transient FOF (estimate=0.78, p=.022) and no FOF (estimate=0.75, p=.004). Persistent FOF was also associated with a worse decline in memory compared to those with transient FOF (estimate=0.08, p=.004) and those with no FOF (estimate=0.06, p=.006). Associations between FOF status and decline in attention/executive functions were not significant. These findings demonstrate that persistent FOF is a risk factor for cognitive decline in community-residing older adults.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document