scholarly journals Elections, Institutions, and the Regulatory Politics of Platform Governance: The Case of the German NetzDG

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gorwa
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Platform Governance ◽  
Intermediary Liability ◽  
Regulatory Politics ◽  
Policy Proposals ◽  
Key Questions

Policy proposals for higher rules and standards governing how major user- generated content platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube moderate socially problematic content have become increasingly prevalent since the negotiation of the German Network Enforcement Act (NetzDG) in 2017. Although a growing body of scholarship has emerged to assess the normative and legal dimensions of these regulatory developments in Germany and beyond, the legal scholarship on intermediary liability leaves key questions about why and how these policies are developed, shaped, and adopted unanswered. The goal of this article is thus to provide a deep case study into the NetzDG from a regulatory politics perspective, highlighting the importance of political and regulatory factors currently under-explored in the burgeoning interdisciplinary literatures on platform governance and platform regulation. The empirical account presented here, which draws on 30 interviews with stakeholders involved in the debate around the NetzDG’s adoption, as well as hundreds of pages of deliberative documents obtained via freedom of information access requests, outlines how the NetzDG took shape, and how it overcame various significant obstacles (ranging from resistance from other stakeholders and the European Union’s frameworks against regulatory fragmentation) to eventually become law. The article argues, throughout this case study, that both domestic politics and transnational institutional constraints are crucial policy factors that should receive more attention as an important part of platform regulation debates.

The Iranian Wheat Growers’ Climate Information Use

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Sharifzadeh ◽  
Gholam Zamani ◽  
Ezatollah Hossein Karami ◽  
Davar Khalili ◽  
Arthur Tatnall
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Information Use ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Climate Information ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Processing Factors

This research project employed an interdisciplinary attempt to study agricultural climate information use, linking sociology of translation (actor-network theory) and actor analysis premises in a qualitative research design. The research method used case study approaches and purposively selected a sample consisting of wheat growers of the Fars province of Iran, who are known as contact farmers. Concepts from actor-network theory (ANT) have been found to provide a useful perspective on the description and analysis of the cases. The data were analyzed using a combination of an actor-network theory (ANT) framework and the dynamic actor-network analysis (DANA) model. The findings revealed socio political (farmers’ awareness, motivation, and trust), and information processing factors (accuracy of information, access to information, and correspondence of information to farmers’ condition) as the key elements in facilitating climate information use in farming practices.

scholarly journals Dekonstruksi titik akses diseminasi informasi pada Radio Boekoe

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Rukiyah Rukiyah ◽  
Ana Irhandayaningsih ◽  
Lydia Christiani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Access Points ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Internet Radio ◽  
Local Access

Introduction. Radio Boekoe as a community that affected by the determination of information technology, adapts through the deconstruction process of information dissemination access points by utilizing hybrid media. This study aims to discuss the deconstruction process of information dissemination access points on Radio Boekoe.Research methods. This research used a qualitative method with case study approach. The process of collecting data involved observations, interviews, and documentation studies. The informants are the founder, manager and volunteer of Radio Boekoe.Data Analysis. The research data was analyzed with the stages of reduction, display, and drawing conclusions.Results and Discussion. The deconstruction process of information access points on Radio Boekoe occurred through the use of hybrid media. The deconstruction process of the information access point was expanded to the process of adding information access capacity in the form of Bale Black Box co-working space.Conclusions. The process of deconstruction of information access points on Radio Boekoe occurs through the shifting of local access points in the form of the Gelaran Iboekoe to global hybrid media-based access in the form of internet radio. Furthermore, it is recommended to conduct a research to examine the effectiveness of using hybrid media to expand information access points.

Debunking Intermediary Censorship Framework in Social Media via a Content Retrieval and Classification Software

2017 ◽  
pp. 169-195
Author(s):  
Baramee Navanopparatskul ◽  
Sukree Sinthupinyo ◽  
Pirongrong Ramasoota
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Online Discussion Forum ◽  
Content Retrieval ◽  
Intermediary Liability ◽  
Online Service Providers

Following the enactment of computer crime law in Thailand, online service providers are compelled to control illegal content including content that is deemed harmful or problematic. This situation leads to self-censorship of intermediaries, often resulting in overblocking to avoid violating the law. Such filtering flaw both infringes users' freedom of expression and impedes the business of OSPs in Thailand. The Innovative Retrieval System (IRS) is thus developed to investigate intermediary censorship in online discussion forum, Pantip.com, as a case study of social media. The result shows that there is no consistency of censorship pattern on the website at all. The censorship criteria depend on type of content in each forum. Overblocking is also high, over 70% of removed content, due to intimidation of governmental agencies, lawsuits from business organizations, and fear of intermediary liability. Website administrator admitted that he would cut off some users to avoid business troubles.

scholarly journals Information Access Rights in FOIA and FOISA – Fit for Purpose?

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-87
Author(s):  
Karen Mc Cullagh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Freedom Of Information Act ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
Political Cultures ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Access Rights

In this article, Dr Mc Cullagh examines whether the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA) and Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002 (FOISA) are fit for purpose as they enter their second decade. A two-fold approach is used to make this determination. Firstly, an assessment of the degree of compliance of both Acts against a set of UN endorsed principles is undertaken. This reveals that neither Act is fully compliant with the normative principles. Secondly, the Acts are compared against each other. The comparative analysis demonstrates that the Acts are creatures of their respective parliaments and that their evolution has been shaped by the distinct political cultures in which they operate. It concludes that at present FOISA offers stronger information rights but that both Acts should be amended to ensure full compliance with the UN endorsed principles if both jurisdictions are to have information rights that are fit for purpose as they enter their second decade.

The Reliability Analysis of Bearing in Large Blower System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
QinZhao Zhang ◽  
JieJuan Tong ◽  
Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Poisson Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Design Life ◽  
Auxiliary Bearing ◽  
The Times ◽  
Electromagnetic Bearing ◽  
Key Questions

A large blower is one of the important subsystems in some complex gas transport. Typically, the blower system in the gas-cooled reactors act as the main pump in the water cooled reactors. The bearing is an essential equipment of the blower. In the vertical blower system, electromagnetic bearing and auxiliary bearing can be selected to suspend the blower system. Then the auxiliary bearing will bear the weight and kinetic energy of blower in the case of the electromagnetic bearing fails in process of blower running. Therefore, the reliability of the suit of bearing is one of the key questions in the design of blower. According to the design, the reliability of the suit of bearing is depended on the reliability of electromagnetic bearing and the design life of auxiliary bearing which is indicated by the times it can bear blower’s decline in the duration of running. In this paper, the reliability of this kind of bearing will be analyzed through a case study and the risk that it contributes to the blower system will be studied. The method of analysis is based on the reliability distribution of bearing and the Poisson distribution model. The advice about the design of bearing will be given from the results of analysis.

Secret safety warnings on medicines: A case study of information access requests

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Torka ◽  
Barbara Mintzes ◽  
Alice Bhasale ◽  
Alice Fabbri ◽  
Lucy Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Access
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