scholarly journals A proposal of a measure of societal sexual double standard

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gómez-Berrocal ◽  
Pablo Vallejo-Medina ◽  
Nieves Moyano ◽  
Juan Carlos Sierra
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Sexual Double Standard ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Standard Scale ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
The Individual

A version of the Double Standard Scale (SDSS) is presented to assess the subjectiveperception of society's support for the Sexual Double Standard (SDS). We examine itspsychometric properties in a sample of Spanish population heterosexual of 1,206individuals (50% males), distributed across three groups (18-34, 35-49, and 50 yearsold or older).We performed Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory. The foundversion consists of 18 item distributed into three factors (Acceptance for Male SexualShyness,Acceptance for Female Sexual Freedom and Acceptance for TraditionalDouble Standard). A second-order factor structure was also adequate. Internalconsistency, temporal stability and validity evidence are reported. This version of theSDSS is reliable and valid. It allows to assess the perception of societal sexual doublestandard. Its usefulness to improve the predictive validity of the standardized scalesthat evaluate the individual adhesion to SDS is discussed.

Examining the factor structure and its replicability across multiple listening test forms: Validity evidence for the Michigan English Test

2021 ◽  
pp. 026553222110181
Author(s):  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Vahid Aryadoust ◽  
Stacy Foo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Multiple Test ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Congruence Coefficient ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor

This study evaluated the validity of the Michigan English Test (MET) Listening Section by investigating its underlying factor structure and the replicability of its factor structure across multiple test forms. Data from 3255 test takers across four forms of the MET Listening Section were used. To investigate the factor structure, each form was fitted with four Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models: (1) a three correlated-factor model, (2) a bi-factor model, (3) a higher-order factor model, and (4) a single general-factor model. In addition, a four-pronged heuristic comprising construct delineation, construct operationalization, factor structure analysis, and congruence coefficient was developed to examine the replicability of factor structures across the test forms. Results from the CFA models showed that the test forms were unidimensional and the four-pronged heuristic indicated that the test construct was consistently operationalized across forms. Furthermore, the congruence coefficient indicated that the factor structure representing listening was highly similar and replicable across test forms. In sum, the construct of the MET Listening Section did not comprise divisible subskills. Yet, the unidimensional factor structure of the test was replicable across the test forms.

Validity Evidence based on Internal Structure of Scores on the Spanish Version of the Self-Description Questionnaire-II

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cándido J. Ingles ◽  
María S. Torregrosa ◽  
María D. Hidalgo ◽  
Jose C. Nuñez ◽  
Juan L. Castejón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
First Order ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor

The aim of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity evidence of scores on the Spanish version of Self-Description Questionnaire II (SDQ-II). The instrument was administered in a sample of 2022 Spanish students (51.1% boys) from grades 7 to 10. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine validity evidence based on internal structure drawn from the scores on the SDQ-II. CFA replicated the correlated 11 first-order factor structure. Furthermore, hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis (HCFA) was used to examine the hierarchical ordering of self-concept, as measured by scores on the Spanish version of the SDQ-II. Although a series of HCFA models were tested to assess academic and non-academic components organization, support for those hierarchical models was weaker than for the correlated 11 first-order factor structure. Results also indicated that scores on the Spanish version of the SDQ-II had internal consistency and test-retest reliability estimates within an acceptable range.

scholarly journals Validity evidence of a Brazilian version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Vianez Moreira ◽  
Mariane Lima de Souza ◽  
Valeschka Martins Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Morality is a human phenomenon that involves sensitivity and skills developed by the individual throughout their social life. Considering the importance of measuring the moral concerns of adults, this paper sought validity evidence for a Brazilian version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire. Two studies were conducted, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In the first study, 341 adults (63% women) responded to the on-line questionnaire translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese. The results indicated a two-factor structure, and reduced items. In the second study, 371 adults (61% women) participated. Results confirmed the two-factor structure (binding morality and individualizing morality). We conclude that the QFM has satisfactory psychometric properties for use in research.

scholarly journals DUPLO PADRÃO SEXUAL E CONTRACEÇÃO NOS ADOLESCENTES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Ana Frias
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Sexual Double Standard ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Standard Scale ◽  
Biological Substrate ◽  
Female Teenagers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract:SEXUAL DOUBLE STANDARD AND CONTRACEPTION IN ADOLESCENTSSeveral areas of knowledge have exploited differences/similarities between men and women and the reflexes that these aspects have in the sexuality experience. Human cultures, structured and shaped on the basis of sexual differences, separate roles, tasks and privileges between both sexes, emerging sexual patterns characterized in each eco-cultural space. Some authors say, female sexuality formula have a higher dose of culture regarding the biological substrate facet, than male sexuality. Objectives: 1) Characterize the trends of teens about sexual double standard; 2) Characterize adolescents attitudes in relation to the use of contraception; 3) Relate sexual double standard trends with contraceptive attitudes. Methodology: Current research is quantitative and exploratory in nature. In a group of 351 adolescents in school environment the relationship between the double standard and contraceptive attitudes were studied, using Double Standard Scale (Caron et al., 1993) and the Contraceptive Attitude Scale (Kyes 5, s.d.). The data analysis was performed using SPSS- 19 program. Results: A double-standard tend liberal was identified mainly in girls, not being influenced by age when considering the total of the subjects. However, double standard was inversely related to age in the girls subgroup. Favorable attitudes were identified in relation to contraception, not influenced by age, noting the girls awareness. Double standard is more liberal in individuals predisposed to use contraception. Conclusions: Sexual double standard and attitudes related to contraception are important aspects to work when you intend to study sexuality in adolescence, to the extent that can increase knowledge of health technicians, particularly nurses, and promote change. Aware of this, it is appropriate to continue to perform studies that characterize male and female teenagers according to contraceptive attitudes.Keywords: Adolescence; sexuality; double standard; contraception.Resumo:Várias áreas do conhecimento têm explorado as diferenças/semelhanças entre homens e mulheres e os reflexos que esses aspetos têm na vivência da sexualidade. As culturas humanas, são estruturadas e moldadas na base de diferenças sexuais, separando papéis, tarefas e privilégios entre os dois sexos, surgindo os padrões sexuais caracterizados em cada espaço eco-cultural. Segundo alguns autores, a fórmula da sexualidade feminina têm uma maior dose de cultura relativamente à faceta do substrato biológico, que a sexualidade masculina. Objetivos: 1) Caracterizar as tendências dos adolescentes quanto a duplo padrão sexual; 2) Caracterizar as atitudes dos adolescentes face ao uso de contraceção; 3) Relacionar as tendências do duplo padrão sexual com as atitudes contracetivas. Metodologia: A pesquisa atual é de natureza quantitativa e de carácter exploratório. Estudou-se num grupo de 351 adolescentes, em meio escolar, as relações entre o duplo padrão e as atitudes contracetivas. Utilizou-se a escala de Duplo Padrão (Caron, Davis, Halteman. & Stickle, 1993) e a escala de Atitudes Contracetivas (Kyes, s.d.). O tratamento dos dados foi efetuado no programa SPSS-19. Resultados: Identificou-se um duplo padrão tendencialmente liberal, mais sublinhado nas raparigas, não sendo influenciado pela idade ao considerar o total dos sujeitos. Contudo o duplo padrão mostrou-se inversamente relacionado com a idade no subgrupo das raparigas. Identificaram-se atitudes favoráveis face à contraceção, não influenciadas pela idade, constatandose contudo maior sensibilização das raparigas. Observou-se que o duplo padrão é mais liberal nos indivíduos mais predispostos ao uso de contraceção. Conclusões: O duplo padrão sexual e as atitudes face à contraceção são aspetos importantes a trabalhar quando se pretende estudar a sexualidade na adolescência, na medida em que podem aumentar o conhecimento dos técnicos de saúde, nomeadamente dos enfermeiros, e promover mudanças. Conscientes desta problemática, sugerese- nos adequado continuar a realizar estudos que caracterizem os adolescentes masculinos e femininos face a atitudes contracetivas.Palavras-Chave: Adolescência, sexualidade, duplo padrão, contraceção.

Sexual Double Standard Scale--Spanish Version; Abridged Version

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Sierra ◽  
Nieves Moyano ◽  
Pablo Vallejo-Medina ◽  
Carmen Gómez-Berrocal
Keyword(s):  
Double Standard ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Sexual Double Standard ◽  
Standard Scale

scholarly journals Simplifying the Measurement of Attitudes towards Autistic People

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. P. Hanel ◽  
Punit Shah
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Attitude Formation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Item Scale

AbstractThere is growing interest in quantifying attitudes towards autistic people, however there is relatively little research on psychometric properties of the only existing measure and its ability to predict engagement with people with autism. To begin addressing these issues, we compared three scales measuring attitudes towards autistic people following the development of two new measures. Exploratory factor analysis, across two datasets, revealed that the factor-structure of an established 16-item scale is unclear. Further, its predictive validity of intended engagement with autistic people was comparable to our novel and psychometrically robust 1- and 4-item measures of attitudes towards autistic people. We therefore conclude that a 1- or 4-item scale is sufficient to measure general attitudes towards autistic people in future research. Equally, we propose that additional research is required to develop measures that are grounded in theoretical models of attitude formation and therefore distinguish between different components of attitudes.

Development and Initial Validation of a Measure to Assess Career Goal Feedback

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 657-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Hu ◽  
Peter A. Creed ◽  
Michelle Hood
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Career Goal ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Goal Progress ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Internal Sources

Career goal feedback provides information about career goal suitability, adequacy of goal progress, and whether changes are needed to reach the goals. Feedback comes from external (e.g., parents, peers) and internal sources (e.g., self-reflection), and plays an important role in the career development of young people. As there is no existing measure that adequately captures this construct, we devised and validated a 24-item inventory for use with young adults. In Study 1, initial items were developed, expert reviewed, and administered to a sample of Chinese university students ( N = 1,055; MAGE = 19 years). We used exploratory factor analysis to test the factor structure and confirmatory factor analysis on a holdout sample to validate a third-order solution (one third-order factor manifested by three second-order factors). In addition, we provided evidence for convergent and incremental validity. In Study 2, we confirmed the factor structure on Australian university students ( N = 184; MAGE = 19 years).

Helping Orientations: Four Dimensions

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1371-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Michlitsch ◽  
Stanley Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Target Sample ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
And Coping

The underlying factor structure of four helping and coping orientations was investigated. The four orientations are the foundations of four models of helping and coping. Each model consists of a person's orientations toward helping behavior and the set of likely factors and behaviors related to the orientations. The orientations are believed to influence how a person interacts with others in a helping situation and how that person attempts to help himself (cope). Factor analysis in two studies supports the prediction of four helping orientations across a convenience and a target sample. Secondary, higher-order factor analysis further provides support based on the convenience sample, but not the target sample.

Factor Structure of the Research Training Environment Scale-Revised:

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H. Kahn ◽  
Charles J. Gelso
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Environment Scale ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Research Training Environment ◽  
Interpersonal Dimension

The factor structure of the Research Training Environment Scale-Revised was examined in a sample of 270 graduate students in counseling psychology. This confirmatory factor analysis assessed the fit of a nine-factor model corresponding to the respective subscales on the measure, as well as the fit of a second-order factor structure suggested by an exploratory factor analysis of data. The second-order factor structure fit very well when conducted on manifest (i.e., observed) subscale total scores; the results were more ambiguous when first-order latent factors were included in the factor structure. The analyses suggested that an instructional dimension and an interpersonal dimension are global factors of the research training environment.

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