scholarly journals Effect of polydextrose-containing beverage on bowel habits and gastrointestinal symptoms of constipated subjects: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-367
Author(s):  
Mohamad Yulianto Kurniawan ◽  
◽  
Nourmatania Istiftiani ◽  
Lilis Heryati ◽  
Christian Reinaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Stool Frequency ◽  
Stool Consistency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bowel Habits ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Introduction: Indonesians have a low intake of dietary fibre, a key component for an increased incidence in constipation. Available data have documented the benefits of polydextrose (PDX) in healthy subjects. However, data on constipated subjects are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the effect of consuming a PDX (prebiotic) beverage on bowel habits and gastrointestinal symptoms of constipated subjects over seven days. Methods: This was a randomised, non-blinded, nonplacebo-controlled parallel design study involving 24 subjects, divided equally into two groups. Group A (active control group) consisted of 12 subjects, consuming one serving size of 6g PDX beverage. While Group B (intervention group) consisted of 12 subjects, consuming two servings of the same product, containing 12g PDX beverage. Changes in bowel habits (constipation score, stool frequency and stool consistency) and gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating and flatulence) were monitored. Results: Within seven days, Group B showed 4.9% more reduction in overall constipation mean score than that of Group A. Positive improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms were reported: i.e. abdominal pain (∆M = -0.08±0.43), bloating (∆M = -0.29±0.37) and flatulence (∆M = -0.17±0.47). Majority of subjects had desirable stool frequency (87.5%, >3 defecations/week) and stool consistency (58.3%, type 4). These improvements were due to the fact that PDX provides physiological effects consistent with prebiotic fibre, which alters the gut microbiota composition during the fermentation cycle in the large intestine. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggested that daily PDX beverage consumption effectively improved bowel habits, with fewer constipated subjects reporting of gastrointestinal symptoms.

scholarly journals THERAPEUTIC ROLE OF ZINC

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 472-478
Author(s):  
AISHA SAJID ◽  
SURRIYA SAJID ◽  
MAQBOOL AHMAD
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Stool Frequency ◽  
Stool Consistency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation in patients with diarrheal illnesses. Study Design: Quasi Experimental study. Setting: The study was conducted at the pediatrics department of Madina Teaching Hospital, Sargodha road, Faisalabad, Period: 6 months period from November 2008 to April 2009. Material and Methods: Two hundred children suffering from diarrhea with mild to moderate dehydration were included in the study and divided into two groups, A and B. Group A was given zinc supplementation along with ORS and adequate nutrition according to age. In group B 100 children were taken as control to whom only ORS and adequate nutrition for age was given. Results: Baseline clinical parameters were comparable in both groups at admission. The effect observed on stool consistency was more marked in 72 hours i.e. 71% patients were improved in group A versus 40% in group B, as compared to stool frequency in 72 hours i.e. 56% in group A versus 39% in group B. Although in 7 days, 99% patients showed improvement in stool consistency in group A,70% in group B(p value 0.037) and stool frequency showed improvement of 96% in group A as compared to 77% in group B(p value 0.037). Duration of hospital stay on the average was about 2 days less in case of zinc supplemented group as compared to control group. Conclusion: Zinc supplementation reduced the duration and severity of mild to moderate diarrheal illness and treatment was well tolerated with no significant side effects. 

scholarly journals Effect of High Fiber Cereal Intake on Satiety and Gastrointestinal Symptoms during Ramadan

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad H. Jarrar ◽  
Jeannette M. Beasley ◽  
Eric O. Ohuma ◽  
Leila Cheikh Ismail ◽  
Dina A. Qeshta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regular Function ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Bowel Habits ◽  
Fiber Cereal

(1) Background: Fasting during Ramadan involves large changes in daily eating patterns which strongly impacts the daily biorhythm and challenges the regular function of the digestive tract. The aim of this study was to assess satiety, bowel habits, body composition, blood glycaemia, and blood lipidemia after the consumption of high fiber cereal at dawn (Sohor) during the month of Ramadan; (2) Methods: A two-arm randomized, controlled, single-blinded, parallel-design study was conducted in Ramadan month. Participants were randomized to consume either 90 g of high fiber cereal (11 g fiber/90 g) at Sohor for 20 consecutive days (intervention group, n = 45) or to maintain their habitual diet intake (control group; n = 36); (3) Results: The intervention group reported higher satiety rating scores, improved bowel habits and reduced bloating frequency after the 20-day intervention. Significantly higher intake of carbohydrates and dietary fiber were observed in the intervention group. Total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were significantly lower among the intervention group compared to the control group (p-value = 0.043, and p-value = 0.033, respectively) at the end of the intervention. No significant differences in body weight, body fat percentage, waist circumference, body mass index, blood glucose, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were observed between the two groups; (4) Conclusions: Consuming high fiber cereal had a positive effect on health and well-being during the month of Ramadan with better satiety, improved bowel functions, and improved blood lipids.

Plaque Removal Efficacy of Dental floss Compare to Water Jet Following Single Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3439-3441
Author(s):  
Syed Midhat Batool ◽  
Madiha Rasheed ◽  
Kawish Syed ◽  
Afaq Farooq ◽  
Zain Ayub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Dental plaque (biofilm) is a well-known contributor to the onset and progression of many dental illnesses. Plaque is a natural biofilm that develops on oral surfaces and contains a wide variety of organisms. As a result, it is critical to control plaque formation, particularly in the young population, by implementing effective preventive strategies. Objective: To assess and compare plaque removal efficacy of water flosser and string floss in patients. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration of study: Department of Periodontology, Sardar Begum Dental College, Gandhara University from 1st March 2019 to 31st May 2019. Methodology: Seventy patients were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups, group A (using dental floss) as the control group and group B (using waterpik) as the intervention group, using the lottery technique. Patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups, group A (control group), using dental floss and group B (intervention group), using waterpik utilizing the lottery technique. All participants were taught correct brushing technique utilizing the Modified Bass technique and manufacturer's instructions for using waterpik as well as normal flossing instructions for using Dental floss. Results: The mean age presentation was 34.23±6.78 years. The females were 42 (60%) males were 28 (40%). The mean percentage showed that those using water flosser with tooth brushing had low plaque score than using string floss with tooth brushing. The independent t test showed that water flosser is significantly more effective (p=0.001) in plaque reduction than conventional string floss. Conclusion: A water flosser coupled with hand brushing is more effective in eliminating plaque than string floss. Plaque removal was 20-30% higher in the group that used a water flosser. Key words: Efficacy, Dental floss, Water jet

scholarly journals Effect of Honey in the Management of Otomycosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amisha Patel ◽  
Vaghela D B
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinical Control Trial ◽  
Group B

Otomycosis is a fungal infection of External ear, characterized by earache, pruritus, ear blockage, discharge, hearing loss and ringing in ear.  It is the most common clinical entity in the ENT clinics. The disease is more common in hot and humid climate. Its worldwide prevalence is 5.2 % and 9 % in India. 5-25 % of otitis externa cases are due to otomycosis. Bactericidal and fungicidal activity of Honey is proved previously by in vitro study. Honey has high osmolarity and acidic pH. And fungus does not grow in acidic media. With this background, present study is aimed to know the efficacy of the Honey in the management of Otomycosis. This randomized clinical control trial including two groups, one is intervention group (group A) and second is control group (group B). Pt is advised to instill three drops of Honey thrice a day for 7 days in Group A and three drops of Clotrimazole thrice a day for 7 days in Group B. There is statistically highly significant results was observed in all signs and symptoms except hearing loss which is significant in both Groups. Statistically insignificant difference was found between both Groups. 

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF POLYETHYLENE SKIN WRAP IN PREVENTION OF HYPOTHERMIA IN PRETERM AND LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEONATES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 810-13
Author(s):  
Goher Ali Khan ◽  
Usman Riaz ◽  
Sara Iqbal ◽  
Tariq Aziz Qureshi ◽  
Hina Kanwal Shafaat
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Neonatal Hypothermia

Objective: To establish the effectiveness of polyethylene skin wrap in prevention of neonatal hypothermia in preterm and low birth weight neonates. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatrics, Combined Military Hospital Quetta, from May 2015 to Apr 2017. Methodology: A total of 176 neonates were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, through non-probability consecutive sampling. Eighty eight newborns were randomly distributed to each of group “A” and “B” by lottery method. The intervention group “A” infants were wrapped in a polyethylene skin wrap from shoulders down while the control group “B” newborns were wrapped with conventional blankets. After shifting to neonatal intensive care unit, axillary temperatures were recorded with similar pediatric digital thermometers upon admission and after one hour and two hours following admission in the two groups. Results: The mean temperatures measured at one hour and two hours after admission showed significant statistical improvements in the intervention group as compared to the control group (<0.05). Conclusion: The use of polyethylene skin wrap in preterm and low birth weight neonates potentially offers a useful intervenetion in prevention of neonatal hypothermia.

scholarly journals SCENARIO BASED INSTRUCTION: A REVERSE APPROACH FOR CONCEPTUAL LEARNING IN PHYSIOLOGY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Meshram ◽  
Lalit Waghmare ◽  
Ajay Meshram ◽  
Tripti Waghmare
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Conceptual Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Traditional Lecture ◽  
Feedback Analysis ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Group B

To evaluate the gain in knowledge of first year MBBS students with the use of scenario-based teaching a reverse approach for conceptual learning in physiology a prospective interventional study was carried out in department of physiology. Methodology: 200 first year MBBS students participated in the study. 100 students (Group-A) were taken as control group to them the topic of physiology was taught by didactic method and another 100 students (Group-B) were taken as intervention group, where the same topic was taught with scenario-based instruction a reverse approach for conceptual learning in physiology. For each lecture pre and post test was taken. Five consecutive lectures were planned with this intervention. At the same time feedback forms were given to intervention group for purpose of analyzing the results qualitatively. After this intervention crossover of groups were done only for the sake of getting benefits of intervention. Results: Data obtained was analyzed statically. Pre and post test mean were taken. The results of post test (p<0.05) were found to be statistically significant when compared with pretest. As per the results of feedback forms, 90% (n=100) students agreed that the scenario based teaching is a powerful tool to understand the topic as it improves knowledge and makes learning more interesting. Conclusion: According to the MCQ and feedback analysis, the results showed that teaching topic with scenario based instruction is the better approach for making the students to learn, understand and to gain the knowledge of physiology lectures rather than by traditional lecture alone.

scholarly journals Modified technique of end to side distal radio-cephalic shunt to overcome juxta-anastomotic stenosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Haitham Atif ◽  
Nehad Abdou Zaid ◽  
Abd El-Mieniem Fareed Mohamed ◽  
Yehia Mohamed Alkhateep
Keyword(s):  
Patency Rate ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anastomotic Stenosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Juxta-anastomotic stenosis (JAS) is one of the predominant causes of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure, with the reported incidence of 65%, so that technical modification to alter the outflow vein configuration using the modified technique has been applied to prevent JAS and improve AVF maturation. The aim of the study to evaluate the modified technique of end-to-side distal radiocephalic A-V fistula regarding maturation, patency rate and the resultant juxta-anastomotic stenosis.Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 80 patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) at vascular surgery unit in general surgery department, Menoufia university hospital that prepared for dialysis. 40 patients "intervention group" underwent the modified technique to establish a functioning radiocephalic fistula; the other group (40 patients, control group) had the conventional technique of end to side radiocephalic fistula. Follow up of patients was over 6 months regarding function, patency rate and development of juxta-anastomotic stenosis.Results: There was statistically significant difference between 2 groups regarding primary failure, patency and JAS. Primary failure was detected in 2 patients in group A and in 5 patients in group B (p-value is 0.04). Considering patency rate, after 3 months the ratio between group A and group B was 37:34 with significant P value of 0.02, and after 6 months the ratio was 35:33 with P value of 0.03. Regarding JAS, by the end of follow up period, 4 patients diagnosed with JAS in group A, while group B had 8 patients, with p value of 0.01.Conclusions: Modified technique of end to side anastomosis for primary radio-cephalic fistula creation has better patency rate and low incidence of JAS than conventional method.

scholarly journals RECURRENT ABDOMINAL PAIN

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 563-571
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD TARIQ NADEEM ◽  
MAZHAR ABBAS ◽  
TAQI HASSAN ◽  
Shahid Masood
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Group B

Objective: To assess the association between the Helicobacter Pylori (H.pylori) infection andrecurrent abdominal pain (RAP) by documenting the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection in children aged 5 to 15years in our setup. Design: A comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in pediatricunit Military Hospital Rawalpindi over one year period from 1st Apr 200 to 31st Mar 2002. Subject and Methods: Wedivided the patients into two groups; group A or the study group and the group B or the control group. In group A, atotal of 87 Children aged 5 to 15 years presenting with RAP in which no underlying cause was found on initialassessment underwent upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) endoscopic examination. In group B (control) we included 68children in whom upper GIT endoscopy was done for any reason other than the RAP. In both the groups thegastroduodenal biopsy samples were sent for culture and histological examination for the diagnosis of H. pyloriinfection. The signs and symptoms of these patients were analyzed in detail. Results: In group A, out of 87 patientswho were endoscoped there were 44 female and 43 male. 54(62%) were found positive and 33(38%) were foundnegative for H.pylori on histopathology and culture examination of biopsy samples. In the control group (B) thefrequency of H.pylori infection was 35% (24 of 68) which was significantly lower than the study group (p-value .001).The frequency of H.pylori increased significantly with advancement in age (p-value .003) and lowering of thesocioeconomic status (p-value.002). The commonest endoscopic finding was antral gastritis (31 of 87; 35.6%). Antralnodularity was observed in 8(26%) out of 36 cases of antral gastritis and in 23(74%) cases there was antral erythemawithout nodularity. The remaining endoscopic findings were pan-gastritis (14 of 87;16%), duodenal ulcer (10 of87;11.5%), duodenitis (4 of 87;4.6%) and gastric ulcer (2 of 87;2.3%). The less frequent findings were gastric andduodenal erosions and esophagitis (about 1% each).Their was no abnormal finding in 22(25.3%) cases. Childrenpredominantly (52%) had the symptoms characteristics of ulcer-like dyspepsia. Recurrent epigastric pain wassignificantly more common in the H.pylori positive than the H. pylori negative children (44 of 87 vs 16 of 33 [p-value.001]). There was no difference for other symptom characteristics when comparing infected with non-infected children.Conclusion: The frequency of H.pylori infection is high in children with recurrent abdominal pain and there is a high degree of association between recurrent abdominal pain, endoscopic findings (chronic gastritis, duodenitis, gastric andduodenal ulcer) and the H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma after the Removal of Choledocholithiasis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Ito ◽  
Takeshi Kenmochi ◽  
Tomohisa Egawa ◽  
Shinobu Hayashi ◽  
Atsushi Nagashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intraductal Ultrasonography ◽  
Distal Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Improve Outcome ◽  
Stone Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Gall Bladder Stones

Background and Aim. Distal cholangiocarcinoma associated with choledocholithiasis has not been reported, and the causal relationship remains to be established. We evaluated diagnosis of distal cholangiocarcinoma diagnosed after the removal of choledocholithiasis.Patients and Methods. We assigned 9 cases of cholangiocarcinoma with choledocholithiasis to Group A. As a control group, 37 patients with cholangiocarcinoma without choledocholithiasis were assigned to Group B.Results. Abdominal pain at admission is the only significant difference between Group A and Group B(P=0.001). All patients in Group A had gall bladder stones, compared with 7 patients (19%) in Group B(P<0.01). Of the 9 patients in Group A, endoscopic retrade cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) detected normality in 2 patients (22%) and abnormalities in 7 patients (78%). Of the 32 patients in Group B, ERCP detected normality in 4 patients (13%) and abnormalities in 28 patients (88%)(P=0.597). Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) detected a tumor in 8 patients in Group A, while in Group B, IDUS detected normality in 1 patient (3%) and tumors in 29 patients (97%)(P=1.000).Conclusions. IDUS after stone removal may potentially help in the detection of unexpected tumors. Therefore, we believe that IDUS after stone removal will lead to improve outcome and prognosis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Purgative Manna and Clofibrate on Neonatal Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mahyar ◽  
Shahrokh Mehrpisheh ◽  
Bahman Khajeh ◽  
Parviz Ayazi ◽  
Sonia Oveisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Serum Bilirubin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Group B

Abstract- This study was conducted to determine the effect of purgative Manna and clofibrate on unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia of term neonates. In this randomized clinical trial study, sixty neonates suffering from unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were evaluated. The neonates were divided into three groups using balanced block randomization. Group A (control group-received only phototherapy), group B (intervention group-received purgative Manna and phototherapy) and group C (intervention group-received clofibrate and phototherapy). After the intervention, the amount of serum bilirubin reduction was compared between groups. There was no significant difference among group A, B, and C in terms of serum bilirubin reduction in 24, 48 and 72 hours after starting the intervention (P>0.05). The hospital stays in the control group was significantly longer than the intervention groups (P<0.05). No side effects were observed related to using purgative Mienna and clofibrate. The present study showed that prescribing of purgative Manna and clofibrate has no effect on reduction of serum bilirubin level in term neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Thus, it seems that the administration of these drugs is not necessary. Further studies in this regard are recommended.

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