Erratum: The role of the bio-psychosocial model in public health

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
NA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Graduate Student ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Senior Resident ◽  
Resident Surgeon ◽  
Post Graduate Student ◽  
Psychosocial Model

In the article titled “The role of the bio-psychosocial model in public health” published on pages 252-254, Issue 6, Volume 5 of The Journal of Medical Research, [1] the authors’ affiliation & address were written incorrectly and it should be consider as1. Shiraz Syed- Senior Resident Surgeon, Himalayan Institute of Medical Science, Uttarakhand, Dehradun248140, India 2. Sumbul Syed- Post graduate student, Department of Psychology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh- 201313, India 3. Kshitij Bhardwaj- Intern, Sri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical Science, Dehradun, Uttarakhand- 248001, India

scholarly journals Andrewes's christmas fairy tale: atypical thinking about cancer aetiology in 1935

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraja Sankaran ◽  
Ton van Helvoort
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Research Community ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
International Medical Research ◽  
Viral Aetiology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fairy Story

This paper uses a short ‘Christmas fairy-story for oncologists’ sent by Christopher Andrewes with a 1935 letter to Peyton Rous as the centrepiece of a reflection on the state of knowledge and speculation about the viral aetiology of cancer in the 1930s. Although explicitly not intended for public circulation at the time, the fairy-story merits publication for its significance in the history of ideas about viruses, which are taken for granted today. Andrewes and Rous were prominent members of the international medical research community and yet faced strong resistance to their theory that viruses could cause such tumours as chicken sarcomas and rabbit papillomas. By looking at exchanges between these men among themselves and other proponents of their theories and with their oncologist detractors, we highlight an episode in the behind-the-scenes workings of medical science and show how informal correspondence helped keep alive a vital but then heterodox idea about the role of viruses in causing cancer.

Changes in Performance as Related to Verbal Conditioning of Attitudes toward the Examiner

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Krasner ◽  
Leonard P. Ullmann ◽  
David Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
School Children ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Verbal Conditioning ◽  
Improved Performance

In social influence situations such as psychotherapy, hypnosis, and placebo, the individual's attitude toward his role of S or patient is an important variable. The 20 experimental and 19 control Ss were mothers of nursery school children who participated in this “medical research.” After completing two questionnaires, all Ss completed six dynamometer trials. A 54-item Medical Science Questionnaire (MSQ) was then administered. After 24 non-reinforced “operant” items, experimental Ss were reinforced for responses favorable to medical science, while control Ss received no reinforcement for their responses to all 54 items. After this experimental manipulation, all Ss repeated the dynamometer measure. Compared to the control group, the experimental Ss increased significantly in both their favorability of responses to medical science and dynamometer effort. The results indicate that attitudes toward medical science may be significantly influenced by verbal conditioning and that improvement of such attitudes is associated with improved performance on a task identified with and requested by the examiner.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study on Experiences and Perspectives of Members of a Dutch Medical Research Ethics Committee

HEC Forum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Rien M. J. P. A. Janssens ◽  
Wieke E. van der Borg ◽  
Maartje Ridder ◽  
Mariëlle Diepeveen ◽  
Benjamin Drukarch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Research Ethics Committee ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Focus Group Meeting ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Medical Research Ethics

AbstractThe aim of this research was to gain insight into the experiences and perspectives of individual members of a Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC) regarding their individual roles and possible tensions within and between these roles. We conducted a qualitative interview study among members of a large MREC, supplemented by a focus group meeting. Respondents distinguish five roles: protector, facilitator, educator, advisor and assessor. Central to the role of protector is securing valid informed consent and a proper risk-benefit analysis. The role of facilitator implies that respondents want to think along with and assist researchers in order to help medical science progress. As educators, the respondents want to raise ethical and methodological awareness of researchers. The role of advisor implies that respondents bring in their own expertise. The role of assessor points to contributing to the overall evaluation of the research proposal. Various tensions were identified within and between roles. Within the role of protector, a tension is experienced between paternalism and autonomy. Between the role of protector and facilitator tensions occur when the value of a study is questioned while risks and burdens for the subjects are negligible. Within the role of assessor, a tension is felt between the implicit nature of judgments and the need for more explicit formulations. Awareness of various roles and responsibilities may prevent one-sided views on MREC work, not only by members themselves, but also by researchers. Tensions within and between the roles require reflection by MREC members.

scholarly journals The missing link between medical science knowledge and public awareness: implications for tourism and hospitality recovery after COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wen ◽  
Haifeng Hou ◽  
Metin Kozak ◽  
Fang Meng ◽  
Chung-En Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

PurposeAs the world grapples with the pervasive effects of the coronavirus pandemic, a notable disconnect has emerged in the public's understanding of scientific and medical research. Particularly, the travel industry has become unquestionably vulnerable amid the COVID-19 outbreak; this pandemic has interrupted the industry's operations with devastating economic consequences. This paper aims to highlight the importance of deconstructing barriers between medical science and public awareness related to COVID-19, taking tourism as a case in point. It also discusses the role of interdisciplinary research in facilitating the tourism and hospitality industry's recovery and alleviating tourists' uncertainties in the wake of COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachThis paper offers a synthesis of news coverage from several media outlets, framed within the literature on knowledge transformation across disciplines. This framing focuses on the medical sciences (e.g. public health) and social sciences (e.g. tourism management) to identify gaps between medical scientific knowledge and public awareness in the context of COVID-19. The authors' experience in public health and tourism management further demonstrates a missing link between academic research and the information made available in public health and everyday settings. A potential research agenda is proposed accordingly.FindingsThis paper summarizes how salient issues related to knowledge transfer can become intensified during a global pandemic, such as medical research not being communicated in plain language, which leads some citizens to feel apathetic about findings. Reporting on the prevalence and anticipated consequences of disease outbreaks can hence be difficult, especially early in the development of diseases such as COVID-19.Research limitations/implicationsBy assuming a cross-disciplinary perspective on medical/health and social science research, this paper encourages academic and practical collaboration to bring medical research to the masses. This paper also outlines several research directions to promote public health, safety and sustainability through tourism.Practical implicationsThis paper highlights that it is essential for medical knowledge to be disseminated in a manner that promotes public understanding. The tourism and hospitality industry can benefit from an essential understanding of medical findings, particularly during this pandemic. Without a firm grasp on COVID-19's origins and treatment, the tourism and hospitality industry will likely struggle to recover from this catastrophe.Social implicationsTaking COVID-19 as a case in point, this study advocates leveraging the strengths of disparate domains to bring medical findings to a wider audience and showcase cutting-edge developments for the greater good. This study also emphasizes the importance of engaging the general public in reputable scientific research findings to increase public awareness in a professional and accurate manner.Originality/valueThis paper presents a unique and critical discussion of the gap between medical science knowledge and public awareness, as well as its implications for tourism and hospitality recovery after COVID-19, with a focus on applying medical scientific knowledge to post-pandemic industry recovery.

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