scholarly journals Algal Flora of Nagdaha Lake, Lalitpur, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Algal Flora

This paper is a report of algal flora of Nagdaha Lake, Dhapakhel, Lalitpur. Algal Samples were collected out in the months of May, August and December 1996, from four different sampling sites of the lake. From the investigation, 25 different algal taxa belonging to 16 families were observed. Among them, 17 species were observed in summer and winter season while in rainy season 19 species were observed.

scholarly journals Algal flora of Rajarani Lake, Dhankuta and their seasonal distribution

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Govinda Shrestha ◽  
Shiva Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Ankistrodesmus Falcatus ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Aulacoseira Granulata

In this paper, a total 46 algae belonging to 34 genera and 3 classes (Chlorophyceae 54%, Bacillariophyceae 28%, Cyanophyceae 18%) have been reported from Rajarani Lake, Dhankuta, Nepal. Among these, 13 algae were reported as new to the country. Genera Ankistrodesmus, Closterium, and Desmodesmus had maximum number of species whereas 25 genera were represented by single species. Seasonal variation of algae showed that there was changing number and type of algae with physicochemical parameters in different seasons. Cyanophycean algae Microcystis flos-aque was dominant and observed in all sites in every collection of winter, summer and rainy seasons, and followed by bacillariophyceaean algae i.e., Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima. The maximum number of algae was found in summer (59%) followed by winter (50%) and rainy (31%) seasons. There were 6 common algae found in all season’s viz. Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima, Flagilaria tenera, Microcystis flos-aquae, Navicula radiosa and Oedogonium sp. Algae viz., Anabaena affinis, Cyclotella meneghiana, Pinnularia divergens, Pinnularia interrupta, Tetrastrum heteracanthum, and Ulothrix subtilissima were found only in winter season whereas, Aulacoseirsa granulata var. muzzanensis, Bolbochaete sp, Closterium striolatum, Cylindrospermum muscicola, Desmodesmus abundans, Desmodesmous quadricauda var.bicaudatus, Eunotia bilunaris, Gomphonema lacusrankaloides and Gomphonema pseudoaugur were observed only in summer. Similarly, Aphanocapsa pulchra, Oscillatoria sancta and Pediastrum duplex var. gracillimum were reported only in rainy season.

STUDY ON DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IN URBAN AND PERIURBAN AREAS OF AURANGABAD CITY, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. CHATE ◽  
R. J. CHAVAN
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Community Variation

The present study deals with the ant community variation in and around Aurangabad city. During the study total 16 species of ants belonging to twelve genera and four subfamilies were reported in eight habitat from urban and periurban regions. Abundance of ants was more in peri-urban region as compared to urban region. Subfamily myrmicinae was more dominant as compared to other subfamilies. Seasonal abundance of ants was seen to be more in winter season and less in rainy season.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties of Seepage stream at Shripur area, eastern Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Damodar Thapa Chhetry ◽  
Joydeb Pal
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
First Year ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical parameters of the Seepage stream of Shripur area were studied for two years from July, 2002 to June, 2004, once in every month at regular intervals. The maximum air temperature was recorded in rainy season during first year (July, 2002 to June, 2003) and second year study period (July, 2003 to June, 2004). Water temperature was maximum in summer and lowest in winter season. Transparency, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride were maximum in winter season. Free CO2 and BOD was maximum in summer season. The minimum transparency, total alkalinity, total hardness and chloride were recorded in rainy season. DO and pH were maximum in winter and minimum in summer season during the whole study period. Air temperature, water temperature, free CO2, BOD showed positive and significant correlation with each other. Transparency showed positive and significant correlation with pH, DO, total alkalinity, total hardness and chloride. pH showed positive and significant correlation with DO and chloride. Similarly, DO, total alkalinity, total hardness and chloride showed positive and significant correlation with each other. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7489 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 2 : 46-54 (2012)

Crop regulation in guava-A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajbir Singh Boora ◽  
H. S. Dhaliwal ◽  
N. K. Arora
Keyword(s):  
Basic Principle ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Terminal Portion ◽  
Lateral Bud ◽  
Yield Quality

The basic principle of crop regulation is to manipulates the natural flowering and fruiting of guava plant in desired season of the year that contribute to increased fruit yield, quality, profitability and sustainability of the environment by reducing the use of the frequency of the pesticides. This concept is based on the fact that guava flowers are borne only on new, succulent, vigorously emerging vegetative growths. These new growth flushes can be either new emergences of lateral bud on older stems or extensions of already established terminals of various size and vigor. The crop regulation can be achieved by the adoption of the various practices like withholding irrigation after harvesting during the months of April-May in Northern Indian plains. This results in the shedding of flowers and the tree goes to rest. The basin of the tree is dug up, manured and irrigated in June. After about 30-35 days the tree put forth profuse flowering and fruit mature in winter. Terminal portion of the shoots up to 20 or 30 cm length should be pruned between 20<sup>th</sup> to 30<sup>th</sup> April. Always avoid severe pruning in guava. Apply the recommended dose of fertilizers during the month of June to encourage vegetative growth in July-August for getting maximum flowering during August-September for winter season crop. To regulate the guava crop, it is essential to reduce the fruit set during the rainy season and subsequently increase the fruit set during winter season by the use of different chemicals like NAA ethereal and urea etc.

scholarly journals Seasonal biochemical changes in three species of liverwort Plagiochasma of Mandi (Himachal Pradesh), India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1094-1100
Author(s):  
Kanchna Devi ◽  
Sunita Kapila ◽  
Anju Rao
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Different Seasons

Thalli of three species of Plagiochasma, collected during different seasons from their natural habitats of Mandi region of Himachal Pradesh were evaluated for some biochemical parameters viz. total water soluble carbohydrates, proteins, free amino acids, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and the activities of amylases, invertase and protease. Highly significantly contents of carbohydrates (70.83±2.54 mg/g fw in P. appendiculatum, 21.26± 0.09 mg/g fw in P. articulatum and 52.75±2.95 mg/g fw in P. intermedium)  and of chlorophyll (0.76±0.005 mg/g fw in P. appendiculatum,  0.69±0.005 mg/g fw in P. articulatum and 1.2±0.006 mg/g fw in P. intermedium ) were observed towards the end of the growing season (January-March period of collection), whereas the content of protein (23.46±0.14 mg/g fw in P. appendiculatum, 23.33±0.71 mg/g fw in P. articulatum and 22.99±0.27 mg/g fw in P. intermedium)  was maximum during winter (October-December) and that of free amino acids (37.48±1.05 mg/g fw in P. appendiculatum, 70.9±0.91 mg/g fw in P. articulatum and 25.13±0.31 mg/g fw in P. intermedium)  in the rainy season (July-September). On the other hand, the activities of enzymes that breakdown the carbohydrates into simple sugars were recorded least towards the end of the favourable period of their growth. The activity of protease was maximum in the rainy season (July-September) and minimum in the winter season (October-December). This study concluded that the seasonal changes in Plagiochasma induced alterations in the biochemical compounds and in the activities of related enzymes that may be responsible for the adaptation of these plants in their natural habitats. 

Characterizing the Local Variations of the Northern Australian Rainy Season

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Uehling ◽  
Vasubandhu Misra ◽  
Amit Bhardwaj ◽  
Nirupam Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Intraseasonal Oscillation ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Onset Date ◽  
Boreal Winter ◽  
Rainfall Analysis ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn this study, we introduce a localized definition of the onset and retreat of the Northern Australian rainy season that is solely based on gridded rainfall analysis. Our analysis shows that the local onset/retreat of the rainy season has considerable spatial heterogeneity. Onset is earlier and length of the rainy season is longer, west of the Gulf of Carpentaria than to its east. Furthermore, we also find the local onset/retreat is influenced by the wet and the dry spells of the 30-60 days intraseasonal oscillation. Much of the retreat of the rainy season occurs in the dry phases of the intraseasonal oscillation. However, intriguingly a majority of the local onset of the rainy season occurs during dry phases of the intraseasonal oscillation. The ENSO teleconnection with the variable length Northern Australian rainy season also exhibits spatial heterogeneity and significant differences from rainfall anomalies using the fixed-length boreal winter season. The onset, the retreat, the length, and the seasonal rainfall anomalies of the rainy season display a stronger correlation with the ENSO SST anomalies for the region east of 140°E relative to its west. The strong co-variability of the local onset date with the corresponding seasonal length and seasonal rainfall anomalies over Northern Australia offers the advantage of monitoring the onset of the Northern Australian rainy season to provide an outlook for the forthcoming season. The proposed local definition of onset/retreat of the Northern Australian rainy season is simple, objective, and unambiguous and is ideally suited for real-time monitoring of the evolution of the season.

scholarly journals Effect of season on production and quality of milk of crossbred dairy cows at Sylhet district government dairy farm in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
A Ara ◽  
MN Haque
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study was conducted to investigate the seasonal effect on milk production and milk qualities of crossbred dairy cows at DGDF, Sylhet. For these purposes, the data of milk production and milk samples were collected from bulk milk tank at District Govt. Dairy Farm, Sylhet and their qualities were measured by physico-chemical and microbiological tests. The season has a significant effect (p<0.05) on the milk yield and milk quality. The total milk production was highest during the rainy season 3354.00 kg followed by summer 3116.70 kg while the lowest milk production was obtained in winter 2925.50kg. The chemical composition of milk was the lowest in summer 4.27% fat, 3.20% protein, 4.46% lactose and 8.55% SNF and in rainy 3.96% fat, 3.24% protein, 4.49% lactose and 8.53% SNF respectively and the highest in winter 5.30% fat, 3.18% protein, 4.46% lactose and 8.59% SNF. The season had a significant influence on the density and freezing point of the milk (p<0.05). The temperature of the milk varied widely from one season to another season. The temperature was maximum in rainy season 28.77oC while the minimum was 25.80 oC in the winter season. The salt percentage of the milk varied within a small range from one season to another season. During the winter season the average SPC bacteria count was lower compared with the other season, 38.02 ×105 cfu/ml. The highest value was obtained in rainy season 40.50×105 cfu/ml. Coliform bacteria count was on average 4.5×105 cfu/ml in winter, 4.91×105 cfu/ml in summer and 5.46×105 cfu/ml in rainy season. There was no significant difference compared to the value found during the other season. From this study it was found that season had a significant effect on the milk quantity and quality, except for protein, lactose, SNF, SPC and coliforms count.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (3): 52-57

scholarly journals Prevalence of Balantidium coli in Buffaloes at different areas of Mymensingh

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
BC Roy ◽  
MMH Mondal ◽  
MH Talukder ◽  
S Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Management System ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Faecal Examination ◽  
Concrete Floor ◽  
Balantidium Coli

Balantidium coli is a common protozoan disease of animals. A total of 151 buffaloes were examined through faecal examination, of which 68 (45.03%) found to be infected with B. coli infection. Prevalence of B. coli infection was relatively higher in adult buffaloes (49.52%) aged > 5 years than young (39.29%) aged > 2- ≤ 5 years and buffalo calves (27.78%) aged ≤ 2 years. Higher prevalence of B. coli was observed in female (47.32%) than that of male (38.46%) buffaloes which are not statistically significant. Prevalence of B. coli infection was significantly (p<0.01) higher in poor health buffaloes (78.95%) than healthy buffaloes (24.47%) and buffaloes reared in normal floor/muddy floor (46.21%) than that reared in concrete floor (36.84%), respectively. Significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of B. coli infection was observed in rainy season (60%) followed by summer (42.10%) and winter season (32.76%). It is concluded that buffaloes are highly susceptible to balantidiasis irrespective of age, sex, health status, management system and seasons of the year. Keywords: Balantidium coli; Prevalence; Buffaloes DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v9i1.8746 JBAU 2011; 9(1): 67-72

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of ecto- and endo-parasitic infection of cattle at Savar, Dhaka

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
MZ Hassan ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MZ Ali ◽  
MA Yousuf ◽  
M Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Adult Animal ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infection ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Livestock Species ◽  
One Year

A prevalence study was conducted to observe both ecto-and endo-parasitic (gastrointestinal) infection throughout one year surveillance. The study was conducted from July 2014 to June 2015 through Parasitology Laboratory, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka. The study considered age of cattle, season and type of parasitic infestation. In the study area total number of cattle population was 2000 in which 500 fecal and 200 ectoparasitic samples was collected considering three respective seasons like rainy, summer and winter. The fecal samples were examined by direct smear method followed by McMaster counting techniques and examine under microscope. After collection of samples within 24 hours all sample were tested by preserving at 40C temperature. In clinical observation, the overall prevalence of endoparasitic (gastrointestinal) infection was 68% and ectoparasitic infection was 60%. Prevalence of endoparasite was more frequent in rainy season (52.65%) followed by summer (27.05%) and winter season (20.29%) whereas prevalence of ectoparasite was more frequent in summer (39%) followed by rainy (13.5%) and winter (7.5%) season. The parasitic prevalence load was low in winter season. In endoparasitic infection, the higher prevalence of Paramphistomum spp. (20%) was found in rainy season whereas Haemonchus spp. (14%) and Toxocara spp. (12%) were higher in summer. In cattle, prevalence of Paramphistomum spp. (25.14%) and Haemonchus spp. (18.58%) was higher in adult cattle (above 6 months), whereas prevalence of Toxocara spp. (36.67%) and Coccidial oocyst (23.33%) was higher in calf (under 6 month) than adult animal (above 6 months) of age. The overall prevalence of ectoparasite was 60% and tick infestation was highest (22.5%) followed by lice (17.5%), mange (12.5%) and maggot fly (7.5%). High humidity (above 70%) and temperature provoke high endo- and ecto-parasite infection in the environment and infect cattle as well as other livestock species. Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 29-35, 2018

Effect of Gypsum Compared with that of Grasses on the Yield of Forage Crops on a Highly Sodic Soil

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
Egyptian Clover ◽  
Soil Sodicity ◽  
Persian Clover ◽  
Forage Yields ◽  
Experimental Plots

SUMMARYA field experiment was conducted from 1979 to 1986 to compare the amelioration of a highly sodic soil by the application of gypsum compared with that achieved by growing Karnal or Para grass for between one and three years. After studies of the growth of rice and wheat on the experimental plots, the growth of four forage crops, less tolerant of sodic conditions, was studied between 1984 and 1986. The forage yields suggest that their order of tolerance to soil sodicity is Persian clover > Egyptian clover > teosinte > maize, the rabi (winter season) forage crops being more tolerant than the kharif (rainy season) ones.

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