scholarly journals Effectiveness of pencil push up therapy in patients with convergence insufficiency: a pilot study

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
K Sapkota ◽  
DK Sah ◽  
S Bhattarai ◽  
AK Sharma ◽  
JK Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ocular Morbidity ◽  
Near Work ◽  
Push Up

Background: Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a common ocular morbidity encountered in clinical optometry practice. It decreases the efficacy for near work. Pencil push up therapy (PPT) is frequently used for the treatment of CI. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of pencil push up exercise in convergence insufficiency patients. Methods: A hospital based interventional longitudinal prospective study was designed. All patients attending BP Koirala Lions Centre of Ophthalmic Studies (BPKLCOS), Nepal from March 1st 2008 to February 28, 2009 with symptomatic convergence insufficiency were included in this study. Near point of convergence (NPC), prism fusion vergence (PFV) and symptom score were measured with RAF ruler, prism bar and symptom questionnaire respectively before and after PPT. Results: Out of 84 patients included in the study, only 23 completed follow up check up. Among them 73% were female and 23% were male. The mean age of patients was 19.93±6.0 years and 73% of the total were students. The improvement in NPC was statistically significant after PPT (p =0.008). The average NPC at first visit was 18.58±7.46 cm while at follow up visit, it was 11±4.6 cm. The PFV and average symptom score were also improved significantly. Conclusion: PPT is beneficial for CI patients. It improves the NPC, PFV and reduces the symptom of the patients. However, the compliance of Nepalese CI patients with PPT is poor. Keywords: NPC; PFV; convergence insufficiency; pencil push up therapy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v9i3.5583   HR 2011; 9(3): 157-161

scholarly journals Analysis of Correlation and Agreement between the Uroflowmetry and the International Prostate Symptom Score in Patients after retropubic Radical Prostatectomy: A Multicenter Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Lynda Torres ◽  
Angie Puerto ◽  
Alejandra Bravo ◽  
Miguel Acuña ◽  
Juan Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
International Prostate Symptom Score ◽  
Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Equivocal Result ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Study ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Abstract Objectives Patients undergoing retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) may suffer from lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We aim to characterize LUTS and to evaluate the correlation and agreement between uroflowmetry and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) in patients after RRP in two reference centers. Methods An observational multicenter prospective study was conducted between December 2015 and September 2016. Patients with at least 12-months of follow-up after RRP were included; these were evaluated with uroflowmetry and the IPSS. Results A total of 90 patients were included. The mean follow-up was of 54.6 months (standard deviation [SD] = 27.52), and the mean age was 65 (SD = 6.85) years old. The mean IPSS was 7.41 (SD = 6.29), with 33.3% (n = 54) of the patients with moderate symptoms and 6.7% (n = 6) with severe symptoms. A total of 50% (n = 45) of the patients had normal uroflowmetry. Patients with an abnormal/equivocal result in the uroflowmetry had a mean of 9.31 (SD = 7.03) points in the IPSS versus 5.51 (SD = 4.82) in patients with a normal uroflowmetry result (p < 0.01). The level of agreement between mild versus moderate-to-severe LUTS and normal uroflowmetry versus abnormal/equivocal was 61.1% (k = 0.22, p = 0.04). We found that a score ≥ 10 in the IPSS had a level of agreement of 65.6% (k = 0.31, p = 0.0004). Conclusions We consider that although the IPSS cannot replace uroflowmetry and vice versa, these tests are complementary and may be useful tools in the evaluation of patients with LUTS after RRP.

scholarly journals Unilateral lateral rectus recession is an effective surgery for intermittent exotropia in young children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriel Spierer ◽  
Abraham Spierer
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Lateral Rectus ◽  
Intermittent Exotropia ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Consecutive Esotropia

Abstract Background Different surgical methods have been suggested for the correction of intermittent exotropia. Unilateral lateral rectus recession has been described as a surgical alternative for small and moderate-angle exotropia. In general, previous studies did not focus on the outcomes of unilateral lateral rectus recession in young children with intermittent exotropia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surgical outcomes of unilateral lateral rectus recession in the treatment of moderate-angle exotropia (≤ 25 PD (prism diopters)) in children. Methods The charts of all patients younger than 12 years of age with moderate-angle exotropia (up to 25 PD) who were operated during the years 2006–2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-eight patients underwent unilateral lateral rectus recession and had a minimum follow up of 6 months. The angle of exotropia (PD) before and after surgery and the success rate were documented. Results Mean age at surgery was 6.4 ± 1.9 (range 3.5–11.0) years. Exotropia improved from a preoperative angle of 21.4 ± 4.0 PD to 3.5 ± 5.9 PD postoperatively (p < 0.001). Success rate, defined as deviation of ≤ 10 PD, was achieved in 86.2%. There were 2 (3.4%) cases of overcorrection (consecutive esotropia). There were no intra- or postoperative complications. The mean follow-up duration after surgery was 2.3 ± 1.7 years. Conclusions In children with moderate angle exotropia, good postoperative success rate was achieved by performing unilateral lateral rectus recession.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules in patients with previous thyroid lobectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Yan ◽  
Mingbo Zhang ◽  
Fang Xie ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Jing Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Thyroid Lobectomy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Benign Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Abstract Background Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is recommended for the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. However, data on the clinical role of RFA for benign thyroid nodules in patients with history of thyroid lobectomy are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for benign thyroid nodules in patients who had previously undergoing thyroid lobectomy. Methods From May 2015 to October 2018, a total of 20 patients (19 females, 1 male, mean age 49.50 ± 14.26 years, range 22–74 years) with 20 benign thyroid nodules (mean volume 15.04 ± 21.17 ml, range 0.40–69.67 ml) who had undergone previous thyroid lobectomy were included in this retrospective study. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, 12 months after RFA and every 12 months thereafter by ultrasound, clinical evaluation and thyroid function. Volume, volume reduction rate (VRR), symptom score and cosmetic score were evaluated. Results During the mean follow-up time of 21.24 ± 16.41 months, the mean nodule volume decreased significantly from 15.04 ± 21.17 ml to 1.29 ± 1.17 ml (P = 0.018) with a mean VRR of 85.41 ± 12.17%. Therapeutic success was achieved in a single session for all thyroid nodules. The symptom score (P = 0.001) and cosmetic score (P = 0.001) were both significantly reduced at the last follow-up. The levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone were not significantly different at the last follow-up from those prior to treatment (all P > 0.05). No life-threatening complications or sequelae occurred after RFA. Conclusions As a minimally invasive modality, RFA was a safe, effective, and thyroid function-preserving option for patients with symptomatic benign thyroid nodules after a previous lobectomy.

scholarly journals Transpalpebral Electrical Stimulation as a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Decrease Intraocular Pressure for Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Gil-Carrasco ◽  
Daniel Ochoa-Contreras ◽  
Marco A. Torres ◽  
Jorge Santiago-Amaya ◽  
Fidel W. Pérez-Tovar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Naive Group ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To determine the effect on intraocular pressure of transpalpebral specific exogenous voltages in a cohort of open-angle glaucoma patients. Methods. This is a prospective, comparative, and experimental pilot study. The electrical stimuli applied consisted of 10 Hz, biphasic, nonrectangular current pulses (100 μA) delivered from an isolated constant current stimulator. At intake, baseline IOP measurements were obtained from each eye. The measurement was repeated before and after microstimulation until the end of the treatment. Results. Seventy-eight eyes of 46 patients diagnosed with POAG were studied: 58 eyes with maximum tolerated medical treatment and 20 eyes without treatment (naïve). The mean baseline IOP on the treated POAG group was 19.25 mmHg ± 4.71. Baseline IOP on the naïve group was 20.38 mmHg ± 3.28. At the four-month follow-up visit, the mean IOP value on the treatment group was 14.41 mmHg ± 2.06 (P<0.0001). The obtained mean IOP measurement on the treatment-naïve group was 15.29 mmHg ± 2.28 (P<0.0001). Conclusions. The hypotensive response obtained using transpalpebral electrical stimulation on POAG patients, both on treatment-naïve patients and on patients receiving maximum tolerable treatment, was statistically significant when comparing basal IOP measurements to those obtained at the four-month follow-up visit.

scholarly journals Selective Arterial Embolization of Renal Angiomyolipomas with a N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate-Lipiodol Mixture: Efficacy, Safety, Short- and Mid-Term Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4062
Author(s):  
François-Victor Prigent ◽  
Kévin Guillen ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Comby ◽  
Julie Pellegrinelli ◽  
Nicolas Falvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Embolization ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Renal Angiomyolipoma ◽  
Cyanoacrylate Glue ◽  
Selective Arterial Embolization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Postembolization Syndrome

Selective arterial embolization (SAE) for renal angiomyolipoma (rAML) is effective to treat or prevent bleeding. We report our experience using a cyanoacrylate–Lipiodol mixture. We performed a single-center retrospective review of all rAMLs embolized with cyanoacrylate glue between July 2014 and June 2020. Demographics, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) status, clinical presentation, angiography features, and follow-up data were recorded. Pre- and post-procedure rAML sizes and volumes were estimated from computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Kidney function was assessed before and after the procedure. We identified 24 patients (22 females and 2 males, mean age 51 years) treated for 27 AMLs, either prophylactically (n = 20) or as an emergency (n = 4). Technical success was achieved for 25/27 AMLs; two patients, each with a single AML, required nephrectomy and repeated embolization, respectively. Major complications occurred in three patients and minor complications such as postembolization syndrome in 15 patients. AML volume reduction after embolization was 55.1% after a mean follow-up of 15 months (range, 1–72 months). Factors associated with greater volume reduction were a smaller percentage of fat (p = 0.001), larger initial rAML volume (p = 0.014), and longer follow-up (p = 0.0001). The mean creatinine level did not change after SAE. Embolization of rAMLs with a mixture of cyanoacrylate and Lipiodol is feasible, safe, and effective in significantly decreasing tumor volume.

scholarly journals The effect of amblyopia on clinical outcomes of children with astigmatism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 251584142110408
Author(s):  
Burçin Çakır ◽  
Nilgün Özkan Aksoy ◽  
Sedat Özmen ◽  
Özlem Bursalı
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Ocular Deviation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Background: Amblyopia is more common in children with high astigmatism, but factors contributing to development of amblyopia and visual outcomes are not fully understood. Objective: To evaluate the effect of amblyopia on the clinical outcomes in children with ⩾1.75 diopter (D) astigmatism. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of children with ⩾1.75 D astigmatism with and without amblyopia (amblyopes group and non-amblyopes group). The mean age, gender, amount and type of ocular deviation, presence of convergence insufficiency (CI), stereopsis, time of initial spectacle use and follow-up time, differences in best-corrected visual acuity (VoD) and spherical equivalent (SE) between eyes were assessed and compared between the groups. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mean SE, astigmatism measurements were assessed and compared between amblyopic, fellow, and non-amblyopic eyes. Results: The records included 68 eyes of 34 children with amblyopia and 56 eyes of 28 children without amblyopia. The mean age, gender, amount and type of ocular deviation, presence of CI, stereopsis, time of initial spectacle use, follow-up time, and the difference in SE did not differ between groups. In amblyopes, exodeviation was more common and statistically greater in near (33 cm) than at distance (6 m) (p = 0.005). The mean BCVA and astigmatism values were statistically different between amblyopic, fellow, and non-amblyopic eyes. Conclusion: A greater near than distance exodeviation and higher mean astigmatism value were found in amblyopic children with astigmatism.

Factors associated with early and late failure after goniotomy for primary pediatric glaucoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina H Hassanein ◽  
Ahmed Awadein ◽  
Hala Elhilali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
First Year ◽  
Failure Rates ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pediatric Glaucoma ◽  
Late Failure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To analyze the risk factors associated with early and late failure after goniotomy for primary pediatric glaucoma. Methods: A retrospective study was done on infants who underwent goniotomy as the initial surgical procedure for primary pediatric glaucoma, and had a follow-up period ⩾48 months after surgery. Early and late failures were defined as intraocular pressure ⩾18 mmHg or signs of glaucoma progression before and after the end of first year, respectively. Results: A total of 81 eyes of 47 children were included. The mean age at the time of surgery was 6.1 ± 6.7 months, 34 children (72.3%) were bilateral. The mean follow-up was 5.9 ± 2.8 years. Of the included eyes, 41 eyes (50.6%) showed success, 25 eyes (30.9%) showed an early failure, and 15 eyes (18.5%) showed a late failure. The mean survival time was 43 months. However, only surgery before the end of the first month and positive consanguinity of the parents (P < 0.01 for both) were independent risk factors for early and late failure of goniotomy for primary pediatric glaucoma. Patients with late failure showed a statistically significant lower preoperative intraocular pressure (P = 0.02). A larger preoperative corneal diameter and a male gender were associated with higher but statistically insignificant failure rates. There were no differences in the early or late failure rates between unilateral and bilateral cases. Conclusion: A positive consanguinity of the parents and surgery before the end of the first month are the major predictors of failure of goniotomy.

Revision Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Objective and Subjective Surgical Outcomes

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Christopher McMains ◽  
Stilianos E. Kountakis
Keyword(s):  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Patient Symptom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Revision Sinus Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
The Mean

Background The aim of this study was to report objective and subjective outcomes after revision sinus surgery (RESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in 125 patients requiring revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery after failing both maximum medical therapy and prior sinus surgery for CRS. Patients were seen and treated over a 3-year period (1999–2001) in a tertiary rhinology setting. Computed tomography (CT) scans were graded as per Lund-MacKay and patient symptom scores were recorded using the Sinonasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) instrument. Individual rhinosinusitis symptoms were evaluated on a visual analog scale (0–10) before and after surgery. All patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up. Results The mean number of prior sinus procedures was 1.9 ± 0.1 (range, 1–7) and the mean preoperative CT grade was 13.4 ± 0.7. Patients with asthma and polyposis had higher CT scores than those without these processes. Preoperative mean SNOT-20 and endoscopy scores were 30.7 ± 1.3 and 7.3 ± 0.4, respectively. At the 2-year follow-up, mean SNOT-20 and endoscopy scores improved to 7.7 ± 0.6 and 2.1 ± 0.4, respectively (p < 2.8 X 10-10). At 12-month follow-up, each individual symptom score decreased significantly. Overall, 10 patients failed RESS and required additional surgical intervention for an overall failure rate of 8.0%. All patients who failed RESS had nasal polyposis. Conclusion Revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery benefits patients that fail maximum medical therapy and prior sinus surgery for CRS by objective and subjective measures.

Drop in relapse rate of MS by combination therapy of three different phosphodiesterase inhibitors

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Suzumura ◽  
Takuya Nakamuro ◽  
Tsukasa Tamaru ◽  
Tetsuya Takayanagi
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Experimental Demyelination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), when used in combination, synergistically suppress TNFa production by various cells and also suppress experimental demyelination at very low concentrations. We conducted a pilot study to determine whether the combination of three PDEIs suppresses the relapse of MS at the usual therapeutic doses. Of the 12 relapsing remitting MS, the mean relapse rate/year dropped remarkably (from 3.08+3.32 to 0.92+1.86) after PDEI treatment. Seven out of 12 (58.3%) were relapse-free in the follow up period (499+142 days). The combination of three PDEIs can be safe and useful strategy for the future treatment of MS.

The panty condom: a pilot study of the function and acceptability of an alternative female condom design

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1080-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mags Beksinska ◽  
Jennifer Smit ◽  
Nonhlanhla Mphili ◽  
Ross Greener ◽  
Virginia Maphumulo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Female Condom ◽  
Clinical Failure ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Total Female ◽  
The Mean

New female condom (FC) products, different in design and materials that have the potential to lower cost and improve acceptability are being developed. A pilot study of the Panty Condom was conducted among experienced FC users in Durban, South Africa. This pilot function trial enrolled 19 women who were asked to use five Panty Condoms each and collect information on use in a condom diary at home, followed by one follow-up interview. Primary endpoints were total clinical failure and total female condom failure. Non-inferiority of component modes, clinical breakage, non-clinical breakage, slippage, misdirection, and invagination were also determined. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for each failure mode. The mean age of the participants was 27.8 years (SD 4.9). Safety and acceptability data were also assessed. In 95 condom uses nine failure events occurred in eight condoms. Clinical breakage occurred in 8.4% (n = 8) of condoms and slippage in one condom. Total FC failure was 8.4% of all condom uses. Of the eight breakage events there were two reports of the condom ripping during sex and six reports of the condom detaching from the panty. Fifteen women either liked very much or liked somewhat using the Panty Condom. Total clinical failure was approximately twice that seen in other FC functionality studies.

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