scholarly journals Analysis of Irrigation Water Quality at Kadawa Irrigation Project for Improved Productivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Sanda ◽  
Jibrin Dibal
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cropping Seasons

In the face of water scarcity and the several negative consequences, such as water wastage, flooding, water logging, soil losses and production losses, conserving the finite amount of fresh water is a must. The quality of irrigation water must therefore be ascertained. The chemical quality of three sources of irrigation water from canal and drainage water, namely drainage water, fresh irrigation water from canal, and drainage/irrigation water mixture, were analyzed from Kadawa irrigation Project for year 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons, with the view to evaluating the potential risks associated with their use in irrigation and hence their suitability or otherwise for irrigation purposes. The analysis revealed that the use of drainage water alone for irrigation may result in problems associated with salinity, while a blend of drainage/irrigation water in the ratio of 1:1 is a viable means of water conservation and a good means of crop production. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11082 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 235-240

Evaluation of Suitability of Drainage Water of Al-Hussainia sector (Kut-Iraq) For Irrigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Omran I. Mohammad ◽  
Laheab abas Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Salinity Hazard ◽  
Chemical Evaluation ◽  
Gis Software

      Al-Hussainia sector is the middle sector of Al-Dalmaj irrigation project. In this study, a specified area of Al-Hussainia sector has been selected to be evaluated for its water suitability for irrigation. For Al-Hussainia main drain, the evaluation includes four stages as follows: 1- Chemical evaluation of drainage water, 2-Analysis of drainage water by Aq.Qa software,  3- Leaching requirements computations, 4- Evaluation of the drainage water quality in the specified area of the project using the Geographic Information System (GIS) software. For the chemical evaluation, the most important indicators for the salinity problem considered are (Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Sodium Content). The test results showed that there are no harmful effects from Sodium indicators on crops production while there is a salinity problem. The residual sodium carbonate values were zero for all locations. The analysis of the hydro chemical results by Aq.Qa program shows that the internal consistency of the samples was acceptable. It is concluded that the drainage water of Al-Hussainia sector can be used directly to irrigate wheat and barley without reducing the yield with leaching requirement of 0.25 for wheat for all locations while barley needs a leaching requirement of 0.15 for locations 3,4, and 5 a leaching requirement of 0.17 should be provided for locations 1, 2, and 6. For corn crop, the drainage water is unsuitable for irrigation unless it is mixed with irrigation water to eliminate the salinity hazard. However the mixing ratio is0.5 (1:1) for all locations except location 2 where the mixing ratio needed is0.6 (1:2). The three dimensional spatial analysis using the GIS software (Arc Map V. 9.3) showed that the final model of the study area is of permissible irrigation water quality.

scholarly journals Needs of Effective Water Conservation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6643-6647
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Agriculture Modernization ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
The One

The earth’s supply of fresh water is fixed. Its distribution is skewed spatially and temporarily. The maximum usage of water withdrawals is by agricultural sector for irrigation. It is socially, economically and culturally entwined with the lives of people. In the course of irrigation development many irrigation projects have been evolved across India. There are various irrigation techniques followed in different parts of India. The continued growth of population, industrialization, urbanization, climate change, emission of greenhouse gases and deforestation build up pressure on available water resources and arable land for food production. It is further worsened with crop production loss, deterioration of water sheds, disappearance of wetlands and reoccurrence of erratic monsoon. The fall of ground water table, deterioration of quality water, salinization, soil degradation, water logging and irrational use of water emphasized the need for conservation of irrigation water sources. While we have adopted many conservation measures like artificial recharge scheme, percolation ponds, check dams, irrigated agriculture modernization and rehabilitation works on the one side, the problem of irrigation water scarcity and shortage in the availability of quality water still persists. Hence, an attempt has been made to study the need s and effective management on conservation of irrigation water resources.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Irrigation Water Use Efficiency in Crop Production Using a Data Envelopment Analysis Approach: A Case of Louisiana, USA

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3193
Author(s):  
Tej K. Gautam ◽  
Krishna P. Paudel ◽  
Kurt M. Guidry
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Irrigation Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Irrigation Water Use

The primary objective of this study is to estimate and evaluate the technical efficiency of irrigation water use in soybean (Glycine max L.) production in Louisiana, USA. We conducted a farm-level survey to assess information regarding irrigation cost, the volume of water application, and crop yield per acre during the crop year 2016. We use smoothed heterogeneous bootstrapping procedures in conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) and supplement it with a nonradial measure of efficiency known as the Russell measure. The irrigation efficiency scores obtained from both an input- and an output-based DEA approach indicate that producers are over-applying irrigation water by approximately 37 percent. The results provide evidence that an improvement in water management practices can optimize irrigation efficiency, leading to higher profits for the farmers by lowering the other input prices in the production process. The findings should provide a benchmarking tool to formulate an appropriate irrigation policy that enhances water conservation in crop production in regions with similar environmental conditions and soil characteristics.

scholarly journals Bruxism in Children and Adolescents: A Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Viviana Abigail Alvarez-Gastañaga ◽  
Mercedes Carolina Baldeón-López ◽  
Violeta Malpartida-Carrillo CD, Mg, Esp
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Multidisciplinary Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Face

Bruxism is defined as a repetitive activity of the chewing muscles characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by striking and swinging the jaw. It is of multifactorial etiology and it is considered that there is a physiological bruxism necessary for the development of the face of children. These two aspects complicate the diagnosis that is fundamentally based on a questionnaire to the parents and on the clinical examination of the child. When the physiological wear does not differentiate in time from the parafunctional wear, it has negative consequences in the child that alter their quality of life, requiring an adequate multidisciplinary management.  Considering that it is necessary to know the fundamental characteristics of bruxism in children and adolescents, the objective of this review article is to update its circadian manifestations, classifications, prevalence, etiology, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment that will serve the dentist for the early identification and treatment.

PROFITABILITY OF CROP PRODUCTION UNDER THE KANO RIVER IRRIGATION PROJECT, NORTHERN, NIGERIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 963-972
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Abbas Yakubu ◽  
K.M. Baba ◽  
I. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Storage Facilities

Four major crops rice, maize, wheat and tomato were examined in the Kano River Irrigation Project. The project was divided into 3 sections; the head, middle and tail ends. One hundred farmers were randomly selected from each sections making a total of 300 hundred farmers. Net farm income, and profitability index were used to assess the profitability of the enterprises. It was concluded Rice, maize, and wheat were profitable while tomato was unprofitable that year attributable to market glut and perishability of the crop. It was recommended that storage facilities be provided by both private and government agencies to curtail the losses incurred by the farmers.

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