scholarly journals Visual Outcome of Unilateral Paediatric Traumatic Cataract at R. M. Kedia Eye Hospital, Birganj, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Harikant Sah ◽  
Amar Keyal
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Posterior Capsular Opacification ◽  
Traumatic Cataract ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Wooden Stick ◽  
Male To Female

Background & Objectives: To evaluate the visual outcomes of children presenting with unilateral traumatic cataract.Materials & Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 111 children (70 males and 41 females) below 16 years of age who were diagnosed with unilateral traumatic cataract between June 2013 and May 2015 and who underwent surgical intervention and completed at least six months follow up at Paediatrics department (supported by ORBIS International), R. M. Kedia eye hospital, Birganj, Nepal. Data regarding demographic profile, causative agent, clinical course and visual outcomes were recorded.Results: There was a male predilection with a male to female ratio of 1.70:1. The age group more frequently affected was five to nine years (58.5%). Commonest causative agent was trauma with wooden stick in 20 eyes (18%) followed by firecrackers in 15 eyes (14%) and pen in 11 eyes (10%). Pre-existing posterior capsular defects were observed intraoperatively in six eyes. Anterior uveitis was evident in 21 cases and Posterior capsular opacification in 10 eyes. Best corrected visual acuity of 6/6-6/60 at six months was achieved in 91 cases (81%). Duration between injury and cataract surgery did not affect the final visual outcome of traumatic cataract patients.Conclusion: The best possible visual outcome of traumatic cataract depends on its management and its complication. Ocular trauma and traumatic cataract formation can be avoided by taking protective measures in sports, work and patient education.JCMS Nepal. 2016;12(2):40-3

scholarly journals Visual outcome of cataract surgery with IOL implantation in traumatic cataract among 189 children: The Lahan experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
L R Puri ◽  
G S Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Traumatic Cataract ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
Wooden Stick ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Trauma is an important cause of monocular blindness in the developing world. This study aims to determine the demo­graphic profile and visual outcome of cataract surgery among the children with traumatic cataract. It was a prospective and longitudinal study of 189 consecutive children below 16 years who underwent cataract surgery with intra ocular lens (IOL) implantation for traumatic cataract at Sagarmatha Choudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan, Nepal from October 2012 to March 2014. Assessment included visual acuity measurement in the Snellen’s chart or the Cardiff card, anterior segment examina­tion with slit lamp, dilated fundus examination with the help of +20D lens in indirect ophthalmoscope, B-scan ultrasonogra­phy of posterior segment and objective and subjective refraction. Follow up was scheduled at first post-operative day, at dis­charge, one month and three months. Cause and type of trauma, demographic factors, surgical intervention, complications, and visual acuity was recorded. Among 189, majority of them were males (73%) and the average age was 8.8±3.6 years. The time of presentation ranged from 3 days to 8 years (median age two months). Wooden stick was the most common cause of injury (34.4%). The average preoperative visual acuity in logMAR scale was 1.6. The average postoperative visual acuity in logMAR scale was 0.8. Eye injuries with traumatic cataract are associated with significant visual impairment. Cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation restores vision significantly.

scholarly journals Follow-up of the air pollution and the human male-to-female ratio analysis in São Paulo, Brazil: a times series study

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. e002552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia ◽  
Mariana Matera Veras ◽  
Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenço ◽  
Fernando Rodrigues-Silva ◽  
Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Times Series ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Series Study

scholarly journals Small-gauge vitrectomy for advanced diabetic eye disease: outcomes and predictive factors for poor postoperative vision

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
Mushawiahti Mustapha ◽  
Tan Chim Yoong ◽  
Tevanthiran A/L Gobal ◽  
Win Inn Chong ◽  
Tengku Nadhirah Tengku Zulkeplee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Poor Visual Outcome ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Diabetic Eye Disease ◽  
Small Gauge ◽  
Anatomical Outcomes

Objective: To evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes of small-gauge vitrectomy in patients with advance diabetic eye diseases (ADED) and the predictive factors for poor visual outcome. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 2009 to 2014. Data at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months post-surgery were collected along with baseline demographic data, indications of surgery, systemic associations, visual and anatomical outcome, and postoperative complications. Poor visual outcomewas defined as visual acuity worse than 6/36. Results: A total of 158 eyes from 133 patients were recruited. Mean age was 54.01 ± 11.57 years and mean follow-up was 9.9 ± 3.7 months. Indications for vitrectomy were vitreous haemorrhage (VH, 77 eyes [48.7%]), tractional retinal detachment (TRD) with macular involvement (75 eyes [47.5%]), and other causes in 6 eyes (3.8%). There was visual improvement in 59.3% of patients, 23.6% worsened, and 17.1% stabilized at 12 months post-surgery. Patients with VH (75.4%) showed significant improvement compared to patients with TRD (48.3%). Successful anatomical outcomes were achieved in VH (98.2%) and TRD (96.7%). However, patients with TRD were found to have a 2.4-fold higher risk of having poor visual outcomes. Conclusion: Small-gauge vitrectomy for ADED resulted in excellent visual and anatomical outcomes. Eyes with TRD were at a higher risk of developing poor visual outcomes.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Liraglutide in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Management: Experience in Emirati Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. CMED.S31756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrullah K. Ghuman ◽  
Loai M. Saadah ◽  
Majdi S. Al Najjar ◽  
Duha Y. Shaheen ◽  
Shady I. AM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Form ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Patient Visit ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
P Values ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Objective To measure effectiveness of liraglutide in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), weight, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in Emirati patients. Design A retrospective cohort study. Setting Endocrinology clinic in a 300-bed military hospital. Patients A total of 152 patients who qualified for liraglutide between September 21, 2012, (first patient visit) and May 5, 2014 (last patient visit). Methods Team collected demographic and clinical data using a standard form. Data keeper performed univariate analyses to measure the effect of liraglutide in reducing the three outcomes of interest; namely, HbA1C, weight, and SBP. Results One hundred patients had at least the first visit in the clinic and 98 patients came for a second follow-up visit while on the medication. Adherence of clinicians to the internal criteria for prescribing liraglutide was 92%. Patients' ages were 47.9 ± 11.7 years. Male-to-female ratio was almost 1:1. Overall, in the paired analyses, HbA1C decreased from first to second visits (8.7 ± 1.9 vs. 7.6 ± 1.8, P < 0.0001) and remained unchanged in subsequent visits (eg, in visit 3, HbA1C was 7.4 ± 1.8). Patients lost an average of 1.3 kg between the first and second visits (99.3 ± 19.3 vs. 98.0 ± 19.5, P = 0.0003). The reduction in SBP between visits 1 and 2 was less (130.9 ± 15.8 vs. 129.9 ± 16.5, P = 0.5896). ANOVA yielded a significant reduction in HbA1C at 4 months and 6 months ( P values < 0.05). SBP dropped by about 3.6 mmHg and weight by about 2.3 kg ( P values > 0.05). Conclusions Liraglutide is effective in reducing HbA1C, weight, and to a lesser extent, SBP in Emirati patients.

Visual Outcome of Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas after Extradural Optic Nerve Decompression

Neurosurgery ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiit Mathiesen ◽  
Lars Kihlström
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Optic Canal ◽  
Visual Deterioration ◽  
Nerve Decompression ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Tuberculum Sellae

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Meningiomas of the tuberculum sellae have a close relationship with the optic apparatus. Even modern series show a 10 to 20% risk of visual deterioration after surgery. We have attempted to improve visual outcome by extradural decompression of the optic canal and anterior clinoid process, followed by intradural release of the optic nerve; this study provides an analysis of visual outcomes with this approach. METHODS: Treatment, histopathology, and follow-up data of 29 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for tuberculum sellae meningiomas with initial release of the optic nerve were prospectively collected. RESULTS: Radical tumor removal was possible in all 23 patients with primary tumors and in three out of six patients with recurrent tumors. All patients but two of the worst affected with preoperative visual compromise improved from surgery; there were no instances of visual deterioration. Five patients with normal preoperative vision remained intact and visual improvement was 22 (91%) out of 24 patients in the remaining patients. In total, 13 patients (42%) had completely normal vision at follow-up. Mainly patients younger than 60 years experienced complete normalization after surgery. Two patients underwent transsphenoidal surgery for cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Postoperative endocrinological symptoms were temporary diabetes insipidus in one patient and permanent diabetes insipidus in another patient undergoing elective sectioning of the pituitary stalk because of a recurrent tumor with invasive growth into the stalk. CONCLUSION: Adding early optic nerve decompression by extradural clinoidectomy and optic canal unroofing to a frontopterional approach seemed to improve visual outcomes because there were no instances of visual deterioration. Simpson Grade 1 to 2 removal was possible in all patients with primary surgery, whereas recurrent cases could only be treated with lower grades of radicality. Radical removal, however, required readiness to reoperate for cerebrospinal fluid leakage at the site of the drilled tumor origin in bone.

scholarly journals Influence of Optic Nerve Appearance on Visual Outcome in Pediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Micieli ◽  
Beau B. Bruce ◽  
Caroline Vasseneix ◽  
Richard J. Blanch ◽  
Damian E. Berezovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Diagnostic Lumbar Puncture

ABSTRACT:Objectives:To determine whether optic disc hemorrhages (ODH) and cotton wool spots (CWS) at presentation are associated with worse visual outcomes in pediatric patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).Methods:Retrospective institutional review of 100 eyes of 50 consecutive pediatric IIH patients (aged 16 years or less) who had baseline optic disc photographs before or within 30 days of their diagnostic lumbar puncture and initiation of medical treatment. Optic disc photographs were independently graded by three ophthalmologists in a standardized manner. Visual function was assessed using visual acuity (VA) and visual field grade (VFG).Results:At least one ODH was found in 41% of eyes, at least one CWS was found in 27% of eyes, and 20% of eyes had both ODH and CWS. At presentation, Frisén grade was associated with the presence of CWS (p = 0.013) and showed no association with ODH (p = 0.060). When controlling for Frisén grade, ODH and CWS were not associated with worse VA or VFG at final follow-up. Severe ODH were associated with worse VA and VFG at presentation (p < 0.03), but not at final follow-up. Severe CWS at presentation was strongly associated with a worse Humphrey mean deviation of 5.0 dB (95% confidence interval 1.6–8.3) at final follow-up (p = 0.002).Conclusion:When controlling for the severity of papilledema, ODH do not provide any additional prognostic value in pediatric IIH patients. Frisén grade and severe CWS at presentation were independently associated with worse visual outcomes at the final follow-up.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nose and nasopharynx: clinical features, tumor immunophenotype, and treatment outcome in 113 patients.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Cheung ◽  
J K Chan ◽  
W H Lau ◽  
W Foo ◽  
P T Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cd56 Expression ◽  
T Lymphomas ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Disease Free

PURPOSE To study the clinical features and outcome for primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the nose/nasopharynx (NNP-NHLs) according to immunophenotype. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred thirteen Chinese patients with primary NNP-NHLs that belonged to the categories E, F, G, or H according to the Working Formulation (WF), with full immunophenotypic data and complete clinical follow-up data, were analyzed in this retrospective study. RESULTS Ninety (79.6%) patients had localized (stage I or II) disease, while 23 (20.4%) had stage III or IV disease. The lymphomas in 51 (45.1%), 24 (21.3%), and 38 (33.6%) patients showed natural killer (NK)/T- (CD56-positive), T-cell, and B-cell immunophenotype, respectively. Seventy-three patients (65.8%) achieved a complete remission, of whom 34 (46.6%) subsequently relapsed. The median follow-up time for those alive was 88 months. The 5-year actuarial disease-free and overall survival rates were 34.4% and 37.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that only stage and immunophenotype were significant for survival. NK/T lymphomas were distinctive among the three immunophenotypes in the following aspects: the highest male-to-female ratio, more frequent involvement of the nasal cavity alone, higher risk of dissemination to the skin, more frequent development of hemophagocytic syndrome, and the worst prognosis (overall median survival, 12.5 months). CONCLUSION The three immunophenotypes studied are shown to exhibit different clinical patterns. Since the NK/T phenotype carries the worst prognosis, patients who present with NNP-NHL should have their tumors analyzed for CD56 expression.

Is pharyngeal pouch stapling superior to open pharyngeal pouch repair? An analysis of a single institution's series

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (9) ◽  
pp. 873-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Agalato ◽  
J Jose ◽  
R J England
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Pharyngeal Pouch ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Open Procedure ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Male To Female

AbstractBackground:Endoscopic stapling has become the primary procedure for pharyngeal pouch surgery because it is quick, less invasive and safe, but less is known about long-term outcomes.Method:Medical records were reviewed to compare rates of morbidity, operative failure, symptom control and revision surgery between open and closed procedures.Results:A total of 120 pharyngeal pouch procedures, carried out on 97 patients from 2000 to 2014, were studied. These included 80 endoscopic stapling and 40 open procedures. Twelve patients had complications (15 per cent) and there was one mortality (1.2 per cent) in the endoscopic stapling group. Ten patients (25 per cent) developed complications in the open procedure group, with no mortalities. Symptom recurrence was significantly greater in the endoscopic stapling group (26 per cent) than in the open procedure group (7.5 per cent). Multiple surgical procedures were required for 22 endoscopically stapled patients (32 per cent); none were required in the open procedure group. Although the male-to-female ratio for pharyngeal pouch incidence was 2:1, the ratio for multiple surgical procedures was 10:1.Conclusion:Endoscopic stapling outcomes are not as good as those following an open approach on long-term follow up, and the early advantages are eliminated if pouch excision is avoided.

scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes of Management of Traumatic Cataract in a Tertiary Care Centre

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
anuradha bharati ◽  
pallavi sharma ◽  
sachit mahajan ◽  
Bhavani Raina ◽  
Sanjay Kai
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Final Visual Acuity ◽  
Posterior Capsular Opacification ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Traumatic Cataract ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

Background and Objectives : Ocular trauma can lead to development of cataract when natural lens is damaged by either blunt or penetrating injury. The management of traumatic cataract follows the same principle as for senile cataract but associated damage to ocular tissues and several post-operative complications may lead to suboptimal visual outcome. This study was conceptualized to evaluate the visual outcomes following management of traumatic cataracts. Material and Methods : This prospective, longitudinal study was conducted on 80 patients with traumatic cataract in tertiary care centre. Patients were managed surgically and were followed up for a period of six months. Visual acuity was measured at every follow-up visit and any post-operative complications were noted and managed, accordingly. Final visual acuity was assessed at the end of six months. Results: Maximum cases of traumatic cataract (53.75%) were observed in age group of <20 years with male to female ratio of 2.63:1. Maximum patients (92.15%) were implanted posterior chamber intraocular lens, either as a primary or secondary procedure. Uveitis and posterior capsular opacification were most common post-operative complications (30%) and 68.75% cases achieved a final visual acuity of 6/6-6/ 18 at the end of six months. Conclusions Traumatic cataract is an important cause of ocular morbidity specially in young patients. Surgery in cases of traumatic cataract can yield good visual outcomes if posterior segment is not involved and if post-operative complications are managed efficiently.

scholarly journals Role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Kiran Grandhi ◽  
Jayasri Helen Gali ◽  
Kokiwar P. R.
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Mechanical Ventilatory Support ◽  
Benign Stricture ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Phosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Female Case ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Tracheal Stricture

Background: Tracheal strictures are known to recur after dilatation, so they need stenting to prevent recurrence. The objective was to study role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was carried out among 15 cases (as these cases are very rare, author could study only 15 cases) presented with various clinical features suggestive of tracheal strictures. They were examined and managed by putting tracheal stent for up to eight months period. All cases were followed at regular intervals till 14months after the stent was placed. The outcome was studied.Results: The tracheal strictures have been found to be more in the age group of 25-30 years.  The male to female ratio was 4:1 i.e. for everyone female case there were four male cases. Thus, the tracheal strictures have been more common among the males compared to the females. All of the patients presented with severe stridor, breathing difficulty, and poor exercise tolerance. Most common cause of tracheal stricture was prolonged mechanical  ventilatory support >8 days due to organo phosphorus poisoning in past 3months and all of them were males.  All cases had good outcome at the end of 14months of follow up. All cases had normal findings. No one developed foreign body reaction, nor did no one develop granuloma formation at the stent site. After stent removal flexible bronchoscopy repeated after 3rd month and 6th month.Conclusions: Tracheal stenting is very useful procedure in the management of air way strictures.

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