scholarly journals Effectiveness of Liraglutide in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Management: Experience in Emirati Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. CMED.S31756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrullah K. Ghuman ◽  
Loai M. Saadah ◽  
Majdi S. Al Najjar ◽  
Duha Y. Shaheen ◽  
Shady I. AM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Form ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Patient Visit ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
P Values ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Objective To measure effectiveness of liraglutide in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), weight, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in Emirati patients. Design A retrospective cohort study. Setting Endocrinology clinic in a 300-bed military hospital. Patients A total of 152 patients who qualified for liraglutide between September 21, 2012, (first patient visit) and May 5, 2014 (last patient visit). Methods Team collected demographic and clinical data using a standard form. Data keeper performed univariate analyses to measure the effect of liraglutide in reducing the three outcomes of interest; namely, HbA1C, weight, and SBP. Results One hundred patients had at least the first visit in the clinic and 98 patients came for a second follow-up visit while on the medication. Adherence of clinicians to the internal criteria for prescribing liraglutide was 92%. Patients' ages were 47.9 ± 11.7 years. Male-to-female ratio was almost 1:1. Overall, in the paired analyses, HbA1C decreased from first to second visits (8.7 ± 1.9 vs. 7.6 ± 1.8, P < 0.0001) and remained unchanged in subsequent visits (eg, in visit 3, HbA1C was 7.4 ± 1.8). Patients lost an average of 1.3 kg between the first and second visits (99.3 ± 19.3 vs. 98.0 ± 19.5, P = 0.0003). The reduction in SBP between visits 1 and 2 was less (130.9 ± 15.8 vs. 129.9 ± 16.5, P = 0.5896). ANOVA yielded a significant reduction in HbA1C at 4 months and 6 months ( P values < 0.05). SBP dropped by about 3.6 mmHg and weight by about 2.3 kg ( P values > 0.05). Conclusions Liraglutide is effective in reducing HbA1C, weight, and to a lesser extent, SBP in Emirati patients.

scholarly journals Follow-up of the air pollution and the human male-to-female ratio analysis in São Paulo, Brazil: a times series study

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. e002552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia ◽  
Mariana Matera Veras ◽  
Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenço ◽  
Fernando Rodrigues-Silva ◽  
Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Times Series ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Series Study

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nose and nasopharynx: clinical features, tumor immunophenotype, and treatment outcome in 113 patients.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Cheung ◽  
J K Chan ◽  
W H Lau ◽  
W Foo ◽  
P T Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cd56 Expression ◽  
T Lymphomas ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Disease Free

PURPOSE To study the clinical features and outcome for primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the nose/nasopharynx (NNP-NHLs) according to immunophenotype. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred thirteen Chinese patients with primary NNP-NHLs that belonged to the categories E, F, G, or H according to the Working Formulation (WF), with full immunophenotypic data and complete clinical follow-up data, were analyzed in this retrospective study. RESULTS Ninety (79.6%) patients had localized (stage I or II) disease, while 23 (20.4%) had stage III or IV disease. The lymphomas in 51 (45.1%), 24 (21.3%), and 38 (33.6%) patients showed natural killer (NK)/T- (CD56-positive), T-cell, and B-cell immunophenotype, respectively. Seventy-three patients (65.8%) achieved a complete remission, of whom 34 (46.6%) subsequently relapsed. The median follow-up time for those alive was 88 months. The 5-year actuarial disease-free and overall survival rates were 34.4% and 37.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that only stage and immunophenotype were significant for survival. NK/T lymphomas were distinctive among the three immunophenotypes in the following aspects: the highest male-to-female ratio, more frequent involvement of the nasal cavity alone, higher risk of dissemination to the skin, more frequent development of hemophagocytic syndrome, and the worst prognosis (overall median survival, 12.5 months). CONCLUSION The three immunophenotypes studied are shown to exhibit different clinical patterns. Since the NK/T phenotype carries the worst prognosis, patients who present with NNP-NHL should have their tumors analyzed for CD56 expression.

Is pharyngeal pouch stapling superior to open pharyngeal pouch repair? An analysis of a single institution's series

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (9) ◽  
pp. 873-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Agalato ◽  
J Jose ◽  
R J England
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Pharyngeal Pouch ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Open Procedure ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Male To Female

AbstractBackground:Endoscopic stapling has become the primary procedure for pharyngeal pouch surgery because it is quick, less invasive and safe, but less is known about long-term outcomes.Method:Medical records were reviewed to compare rates of morbidity, operative failure, symptom control and revision surgery between open and closed procedures.Results:A total of 120 pharyngeal pouch procedures, carried out on 97 patients from 2000 to 2014, were studied. These included 80 endoscopic stapling and 40 open procedures. Twelve patients had complications (15 per cent) and there was one mortality (1.2 per cent) in the endoscopic stapling group. Ten patients (25 per cent) developed complications in the open procedure group, with no mortalities. Symptom recurrence was significantly greater in the endoscopic stapling group (26 per cent) than in the open procedure group (7.5 per cent). Multiple surgical procedures were required for 22 endoscopically stapled patients (32 per cent); none were required in the open procedure group. Although the male-to-female ratio for pharyngeal pouch incidence was 2:1, the ratio for multiple surgical procedures was 10:1.Conclusion:Endoscopic stapling outcomes are not as good as those following an open approach on long-term follow up, and the early advantages are eliminated if pouch excision is avoided.

scholarly journals Visual Outcome of Unilateral Paediatric Traumatic Cataract at R. M. Kedia Eye Hospital, Birganj, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Harikant Sah ◽  
Amar Keyal
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Posterior Capsular Opacification ◽  
Traumatic Cataract ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Wooden Stick ◽  
Male To Female

Background & Objectives: To evaluate the visual outcomes of children presenting with unilateral traumatic cataract.Materials & Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 111 children (70 males and 41 females) below 16 years of age who were diagnosed with unilateral traumatic cataract between June 2013 and May 2015 and who underwent surgical intervention and completed at least six months follow up at Paediatrics department (supported by ORBIS International), R. M. Kedia eye hospital, Birganj, Nepal. Data regarding demographic profile, causative agent, clinical course and visual outcomes were recorded.Results: There was a male predilection with a male to female ratio of 1.70:1. The age group more frequently affected was five to nine years (58.5%). Commonest causative agent was trauma with wooden stick in 20 eyes (18%) followed by firecrackers in 15 eyes (14%) and pen in 11 eyes (10%). Pre-existing posterior capsular defects were observed intraoperatively in six eyes. Anterior uveitis was evident in 21 cases and Posterior capsular opacification in 10 eyes. Best corrected visual acuity of 6/6-6/60 at six months was achieved in 91 cases (81%). Duration between injury and cataract surgery did not affect the final visual outcome of traumatic cataract patients.Conclusion: The best possible visual outcome of traumatic cataract depends on its management and its complication. Ocular trauma and traumatic cataract formation can be avoided by taking protective measures in sports, work and patient education.JCMS Nepal. 2016;12(2):40-3

scholarly journals Role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Kiran Grandhi ◽  
Jayasri Helen Gali ◽  
Kokiwar P. R.
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Mechanical Ventilatory Support ◽  
Benign Stricture ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Phosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Female Case ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Tracheal Stricture

Background: Tracheal strictures are known to recur after dilatation, so they need stenting to prevent recurrence. The objective was to study role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was carried out among 15 cases (as these cases are very rare, author could study only 15 cases) presented with various clinical features suggestive of tracheal strictures. They were examined and managed by putting tracheal stent for up to eight months period. All cases were followed at regular intervals till 14months after the stent was placed. The outcome was studied.Results: The tracheal strictures have been found to be more in the age group of 25-30 years.  The male to female ratio was 4:1 i.e. for everyone female case there were four male cases. Thus, the tracheal strictures have been more common among the males compared to the females. All of the patients presented with severe stridor, breathing difficulty, and poor exercise tolerance. Most common cause of tracheal stricture was prolonged mechanical  ventilatory support >8 days due to organo phosphorus poisoning in past 3months and all of them were males.  All cases had good outcome at the end of 14months of follow up. All cases had normal findings. No one developed foreign body reaction, nor did no one develop granuloma formation at the stent site. After stent removal flexible bronchoscopy repeated after 3rd month and 6th month.Conclusions: Tracheal stenting is very useful procedure in the management of air way strictures.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Intravitreal Ranibizumab in Nonvitrectomized and Vitrectomized Eyes with Diabetic Macular Edema: A Two-Year Retrospective Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgun Melike Gedar Totuk ◽  
Ayse Yagmur Kanra ◽  
Mohammed Nadim Bromand ◽  
Guler Kilic ◽  
Sevil Ari Yaylali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract Background: To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injections for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) in eyes with and without previous vitrectomy. Methods: The medical records of 30 eyes (13 vitrectomized, 17 nonvitrectomized) of 28 patients (mean age, 59.09.6 years; male to female ratio 1:1) who were diagnosed with DME and had received IVR treatment were reviewed retrospectively. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and total macular volume (TMV) were measured at baseline and at months 6, 12, 18, and 24 of the follow-up. The number of IVR injections, the duration between diagnosis of DME and IVR injection, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level at baseline were also recorded. Results: Baseline demographics, HbA1c, BCVA, CMT, and TMV values were similar between the vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized groups (p>0.05). The duration between diagnosis of DME and IVR injections was longer in the nonvitrectomized group than in the vitrectomized group (165 years vs. 134 years, respectively; p=0.045). IVR injection was performed 6.3 times in vitrectomized eyes and 6.1 times in nonvitrectomized eyes during the 24-month period (p>0.05). BCVA improved significantly during the 24-month period in both groups. The improvement in BCVA was significant at month 6 in nonvitrectomized eyes, while there was no significant improvement in vitrectomized eyes before month 18. Compared to the baseline values, the decrease in both CMT and TMV was significant in months 6, 12, 18, and 24 in the nonvitrectomized group (p<0.05). In the vitrectomized group both CMT and TMV improved significantly only in months 18 and 24 (p<0.05). Conclusion: IVR treatment for DME is equally effective in both vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes. However, the response to treatment is seen later in vitrectomized eyes compared to nonvitrectomized eyes.

Rate of Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients with Facial Acanthosis Nigricans

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Abida Sultana ◽  
Mohammed Saiful Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Mostaque Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Acanthosis Nigricans ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Male To Female

Facial acanthosis nigricans (FAN) is an ignored dermatological entity. Nowadays it occurs more frequently than previous days may be due to changing economic and social status of our country. Aim of this study was to assess the rate of metabolic syndrome in cases of facial acanthosis nigricans. This observational study was conducted in the outpatient department (OPD) of dermatology and Venereology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) in the year 2017 among thirty clinically diagnosed cases of FAN. After taking their informed written consent; BMI, random plasma glucose, fasting lipid profile and serum insulin level was estimated in venous blood and recorded accordingly. To confirm metabolic syndrome we followed NCEP ATP III guideline (2005) where 3 of 5 positive criteria confirmed the diagnosis. All data was preserved in a secured computer device and was analyzed with SPSS program with appropriate statistical tools. Mean (±SD) age of patients was 35.63 ± 14.26 years and male to female ratio was 1:1.14. The mean BMI of cases was 33.73±3. We found 11 cases with hypertension, 8 with type II diabetes mellitus and 9 with dyslipidemia. Among the 30 cases of FAN 12 zygomatic type, 8 generalized type and 5 had band like pigmentation on the forehead. Twenty-three patients had acanthosis nigricans on both sides of body. According to our preset criteria we found 26.66% cases had metabolic syndrome. The rate of metabolic syndrome is higher in facial acanthosis nigricans patients. A further large scale study is recommended for strengthening this study findings. Bangladesh Med J. 2018 May; 47 (2): 12-16

Fibroma of tendon sheath of the hand: a series of 20 patients with 23 tumours

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Al-Qattan
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Tendon Sheath ◽  
Palmar Fascia ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Painless Mass ◽  
Male To Female

Fibroma of tendon sheath is an uncommon fibrous tumour that has a predilection for the hand. Large series from Histopathological Units report a local recurrence rate of 24% after surgical excision. In the hand/orthopaedic surgery literature, fibroma of tendon sheath was generally reported as isolated case reports with unusual presentations, such as triggering and carpal tunnel syndrome. The current article reports on a series of 23 tumours of the hands of 20 patients. These were all adults (mean age of 36 years) with a male to female ratio of 3:1. The thumb and index were the most common sites. A slow-growing painless mass was the clinical presentation in every case. Total surgical excision was ensured by excision of part of flexor sheath/palmar fascia to which the tumour was attached. Diagnosis was confirmed by the classic histological features of fibroma of tendon sheath. There were no recurrences at final follow-up 2–5 years after surgery.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, Awareness, and Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Mafia Island, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Muhamedhussein ◽  
Z. I. Nagri ◽  
K. P. Manji
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction. The prevalence of hypertension in Africa ranges from 29.7% in Cameroon to 47% in South Africa. Only 10% receive treatment in Cameroon while 32% are on medications in Ghana. Control rates vary from 0.4% to 16.8%. This study was done to assess prevalence, risk factors, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Mafia Island, Tanzania, which has never been documented before, so that necessary interventions can be undertaken accordingly.Methodology. Data was collected through questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were taken. Descriptive statistics were done and potential correlations were analyzed.Results. Out of 570 adults who were included in the study, 154 (27%) were aged 41–50 and the male-to-female ratio was 1 : 1.05. Almost half (49.5%) of the participants fit into the criteria of hypertension. Out of the 118 participants who were aware of having hypertension, 68 (57.6%) were currently taking medication. From those taking medication, only 14 (20.6%) had controlled hypertension.Conclusion. This study tried to show the extent of hypertension and find out risk factors which could explain the high prevalence of hypertension. This is very alarming and a dire need to raise awareness through health education, availability of screening, and treating and follow-up should be given priority.

Microneurosurgical Treatment of Intracranial Dermoid and Epidermoid Tumors

Neurosurgery ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gazi Yaşargil ◽  
Chad D. Abernathey ◽  
Ali ç. Sarioglu
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
T2 Relaxation ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Dermoid Tumor ◽  
Similar Appearance ◽  
Male To Female

ABSTRACT Forty-three patients with intracranial, intradural dermoid (8) and epidermoid (35) tumors underwent radical surgical resection utilizing strict microneurosurgical technique. The average age was 37.3 years for the patients with epidermoid tumors and 36.2 years for the patients with dermoid tumors. The male to female ratio was 3:2 for the epidermoid group and 3:1 for the dermoid group. Common clinical presentations included cerebellar dysfunction, cranial nerve impairment, and seizures. Typically, computed tomography scans revealed the epidermoid tumors (30 cases studied) as nonhomogeneous hypodense lesions with irregular borders and without contrast enhancement. The dermoid tumors (7 cases studied) had a similar appearance, but with a wider range of attenuation values. Magnetic resonance imaging findings for the epidermoid tumors (6 cases studied) consisted of increased T1 and increased T2 relaxation times. Supratentorial tumors were excised by the pterional (frontosphenotemporal) approach, mesencephalic tumors by either a supratentorial posterior interhemispheric transtentorial approach or an infratentorial/supracerebellar method, and posterior fossa tumors by either a medially or laterally positioned suboccipital osteoplastic craniotomy. One epidermoid tumor and one dermoid tumor were considered to be subtotally resected because of dense adherences left attached to vital structures; the remaining 41 tumors were completely excised. The most frequent complications were aseptic/chemical meningitis and transient cranial nerve palsies. There were no perioperative deaths. Mean follow-up was 5.2 years. Eighty-six percent of patients reported good to excellent results. No patient had experienced symptomatic or radiographic evidence of recurrence. These results suggest that although dermoid and epidermoid tumors tend to cross anatomical boundaries via the subarachnoid system, in the majority of patients tumors can be resected in their entirety with relatively low morbidity by utilizing microneurosurgical techniques.

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