Age estimation using Orthopantomograph and Willems method in Chitwan population: an original study

ABSTRACTBackground: Utilization of age estimation has increased manifold in recent years. Various methods available for age estimation before the complete dentition has erupted and matured till the root closure stage include Nolla’s stages, Demirijan”s method, modified Demirijan’s method by Willems, Haavikko’s method. So, in this study we have tested that on Chitwan population of Nepal.Materials and methods: 60 patients between the ages 6-16 were selected and digital orthopantomographs of each of the patients was taken and then Demerijian method was applied and age estimation done by Willems method. Whereas the chronolical age was known and the reliability of this method on this population checked.Results: The study shows correlation between chronological age CA and estimated dental age DA in males - .965 while in females - .861 and it is statistically significantConclusion: There was an underestimation of age i.e. the dental age was found out to be less than the actual chronological age of the sample. This shows the dental growth lag in the Chitwan population. It was also found that when a comparison is done between the males and females it is found out that the females mature earlier than the males.

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Dental Age Estimation According to European Formula and Willems Method: Comparison Between Children With and Without Cleft Lip and Palate

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/1055665621990513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 612-618

Author(s):

Evgenija Markovic ◽

Nemanja Marinkovic ◽

Ksenija Zelic ◽

Petar Milovanovic ◽

Marija Djuric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Control Group ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Willems Method

Objective: To assess dental age and deviations of dental from chronological age according to the Willems and Cameriere methods (European formula) in patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) and compare it with control group. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting: Clinic of Orthodontics. Participants: Sixty-nine patients with CL/P between 6 and 15 years of age (55 with unilateral and 14 with bilateral CL/P) with 148 panoramic radiographs. The same number of radiographs was examined in the age-matched control group. Main Outcome Measures: Estimation and comparison of dental age and differences of dental from chronological age in relation to the type of cleft, sex, and age in the group of patients with and without CL/P according to Willems and Cameriere method. Results: No significant intersex and intergroup differences were found in deviations of dental from chronological age according to Cameriere method ( P > .05). Significant difference in deviation of dental from chronological age was found between the patients with and without CL/P according to Willems method ( P < .001). Conclusion: Cameriere European formula for dental age estimation, which is not influenced by sex and tooth morphology, showed similar dental development of children with and without CL/P. However, Willems method detected that deviation of dental from chronological age significantly differed between children with and without clefts.

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Dental Age Assessment using Demirjian’s Eight Teeth Method and Willems Method in a Tertiary Hospital

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.3876 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (214) ◽

pp. 912-916

Author(s):

Nitin Kumar Agrawal ◽

Lucina Hackman ◽

Samarika Dahal

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Tooth Development ◽

Third Molar ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Criminal Prosecution ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

The Mean ◽

Willems Method

Introduction: Age estimation is an important aspect in forensic anthropology, as it can aid in the identification of the deceased, and can be used in cases of immigration, child abuse and criminal prosecution in living individuals. Dental age estimation is considered reliable and accurate, since tooth development is least affected by environmental factors compared to somatic growth.Methods: In total, 150 pre-orthodontic treatment radiographs from healthy individuals were assessed. These individuals were aged between 8 to 19 years. Dental age for these individuals was calculated by two methods: Demirjian’s eight teeth method and Willems method. For Willems method, seven teeth on the left side of mandible (except the third molar) were staged according to Demirjian’s staging, and for Demirjian’s eight teeth method, all eight teeth were staged.Results: The mean chronological ages were 13.6961±1.94384 years in males and 13.9204±2.63541 years in females. The mean estimated ages by Demirjian’s eight teeth method were 12.1856±1.73478 years and 11.7906±2.32344 years in males and females respectively. Similarly, the mean estimated ages by Willems method were 12.8958±1.46838 years in males and 12.6926±2.27807 years in females.Conclusions: Willems method and Demirjian’s eight teeth method underestimated the chronological age in the given population. Both methods showed excellent correlation with chronological age indicating their applicability in dental age estimation, with development of population specific scores.

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Estimation of Dental Age by Demirjian and Willems Method in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v11i1.39084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 40-45

Author(s):

Sumita Upadhyay ◽

Sijan Paudyal ◽

Prashant Khatiwada ◽

Bibardha Khanal ◽

Rasna Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Pediatric Dentistry ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Dental Age ◽

Demirjian Method ◽

Willems Method

Introduction: Dental age estimation using orthopantomogram is very useful in pediatric dentistry, orthodontics in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning and also has forensic application. Demirjian method is widely used for age estimation and Willems method has been suggested to be accurate than Demirjian in various populations. To estimate the dental age of children in a specific population of Nepal by Demirjian and Willems method, compare them with the chronological age and assess their applicability. Materials and Method: Digital orthopantomograms of 5 to 14 years of children were used to estimate the dental age by Demirjian’s 7- teeth method and Willems method. Descriptive statistics was used and mean with standard deviation was calculated for gender and age of the samples. Paired t-test was used for comparison of chronological age with dental age. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Pearson correlation was used to assess the correlation between chronological and dental age in both the genders. Result: By Demirjian method, there was an underestimation of 0.276 years in males and 0.194 in females and by Willems method, 0.652 in males and 0.847 in females which were statistically significant. There was an underestimation of dental age in all the age groups except in the age group of 5,7 and 14 for Demirjian age which was statistically nonsignificant. Pearson correlation demonstrated strong positive correlation between chronological age and dental age. Conclusion: The underestimation of dental age was more by Willems method as compared to Demirjian method. There was a strong positive relationship between chronological age and dental age in both the genders. Demirjian’s 7- teeth method was more applicable as compared to Willems method when tested in selected Nepalese children population

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COMPARISION OF DENTAL SCORING SYSTEM WITH RADIOGRAPHIC SKELETAL SYSTEM IN AGE ESTIMATION

JKCD ◽

10.33279/2307-3934.2019.9103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 9-11

Author(s):

Sadaf Ambreen

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Scoring System ◽

Skeletal Age ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Dental Age ◽

Scoring Method ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

Male Subjects

Objectives: To compare Demirjian Dental scoring method with Greulich-Pyle (GP) Skeletal method of age estimation in pubertal children. Materials and Methods: Sample of the study included 267 male healthy subjects of 11-16 years of age group.. Demirjian Scoring system was utilized to evaluate the orthopantomograms to assess their Dental age and the Hand-Wrist radiographs were analyzed to calculate the skeletal age by utilizing GP atlas. Chronological age was obtained from the date of birth of the subject .Both methods were compared with one another and with the chronological age. It was a cross-sectional study and only healthy male subjects without any clinical abnormalities were included in the study. Results: A total of 267 male subjects of 11-16 years of age group were assessed by Demirjian and Greulich Pyle Methods. Both were compared with Chronological Age. Data obtained was statistically analyzed and the Student “t” test was applied in the study population. The mean difference between Chronolgical age and dental age was 0.69years and that of chronological age and skeletal age was 0.87 years. It was observed from dental age assessment that it does not differ much from the skeletal age. Conclusion: It was concluded that Demirjian method of Age Estimation is more precise than Greulich Pyle method of Age Estimation. Furthermore both methods can be used selectively in Medicolegal cases to access bone age which can be easily correlated to chronological age.

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Willems method of dental age estimation in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.jflm.2017.08.017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 122-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J.S. Sehrawat ◽

Monika Singh

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Age Estimation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

Willems Method

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Accuracy of Estimating Chronological Age from Nolla's Method of Dental Age Estimation in a Population of Southern Saudi Arabian Children

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice ◽

10.4103/njcp.njcp_648_19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 1753

Author(s):

SM Yassin ◽

BA M AlAlmai ◽

SH Ali Huaylah ◽

MK Althobati ◽

FM A AlHamdi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Saudi Arabian ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation

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Dental age estimation in brazilian older adults: report of two cases

Revista Odonto Ciência ◽

10.15448/1980-6523.2017.3.27530 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 151

Author(s):

Mário Marques Fernandes ◽

Alana De Cassia Silva Azevedo ◽

Alexandre Raphael Deitos ◽

Maria Gabriela Haye Biazevic ◽

Rogério Nogueira Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Age Estimation ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Case Description ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

The Public ◽

Error Margin ◽

Specific Formula

OBJECTIVE: report two cases of age estimation using the method developed by Kvaal et al. (1995).CASE DESCRIPTION: two males, apparently older and without identity documents, underwent age estimation tests by the Public Ministry in order to estimate chronological age. This method proposes a specific formula for dental elements present with error margin of 11.5 years. After this stage, new civil records were carried out, entitling the cases to some social benefits.CONCLUSION: age estimation in living individuals is a challenge but significantly important in the civil and penal spheres, and Kvaal’s technique may be used in Brazilian older adults.

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Accuracy assessment of dental age estimation with the Willems, Demirjian and Nolla methods in Spanish children. Comparative cross-sectional study.

10.21203/rs.2.24800/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marta Macarena Paz Cortés ◽

Rosa Rojo ◽

Esther Alia García ◽

Maria Rosa Mourelle Martínez

Keyword(s):

Accuracy Assessment ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Age Groups ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Dental Age ◽

Paired Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Demirjian Method ◽

Willems Method

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the validity and accuracy of the Willems, Demirjian and Nolla methods in predicting chronological age in a Spanish ethnicity population. Methods: A sample of 604 orthopantomographs of Spanish children aged 4 to 14 years was evaluated by two independent evaluators. Descriptive statistics were applied to calculate the chronological age and dental age, presenting the mean and standard deviation. The difference between dental age and chronological age was calculated for each method. A positive result indicated an overestimation and a negative figure indicated an underestimation. The Wilcoxon test for paired data and Spearman's correlation coefficient were applied by age groups and gender to compare the chronological age and dental age of each method (that of Willems, Demirjian and Nolla). Statistical tests were performed at a 95% confidence level. Results: The interexaminer agreement was 0.98 (p = 0.00), and the intraexaminer agreement was 0.99 (p = 0.00). The Willems method significantly overestimated the age of boys (0.35 years (0.93)) and girls (0.17 years (0.88)). The Demirjian method significantly overestimated the age of boys (0.68 years (0.95)) and girls (0.73 years (0.94)). The Nolla method significantly underestimated age in boys (0.44 years (0.93)) and girls (0.82 years (0.98)). Conclusions: In the Spanish population, the use of the Demirjian method for legal and medical purposes is frequent. This study reveals that the Willems method is more appropriate due to its greater precision in estimating dental age.

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Using Dental Age to Estimate Chronological Age in Czech Children Aged 3–18 Years

Prague Medical Report ◽

10.14712/23362936.2015.52 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 116 (2) ◽

pp. 139-154

Author(s):

Kristina Ginzelová ◽

Taťjana Dostálová ◽

Hana Eliášová ◽

Alex Vinšů ◽

Antonín Buček ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Statistical Evaluation ◽

Tooth Development ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean ◽

Underlying Diseases

The Demirjian methods to determine dental age are based on analysis of orthopantograms. The dental age estimation is based on establishing the tooth development stages. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of estimation of dental age by Demirjian in the use of all of his four methods. 505 Czech healthy boys and girls aged 3 to 18 years were examined radiographically at the Department of Stomatology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague. It was mentioned the factors of underlying diseases influence the accuracy of the dental age estimation. For statistical evaluation, descriptive statistics was used to compare deviations of the mean values of chronological and dental age in each age group. The resulting difference between dental age and chronological age is not significant in both genders only when using both Demirjian 7-teeth methods of 1973 and 1976. Therefore these may be most appropriately used for forensic age estimation. There are shown standard deviation differences in different countries. Demirjian’s original 7-teeth method from 1973 and Demirjian’s revised 4-teeth method from 1976 appear to be the best methods for calculating the dental age of healthy Czech children of both genders.

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