scholarly journals Blockchain Interfaced Sacure E-Voting System

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Raj Shrestha ◽  
Rajiv Sah ◽  
Sabin Shrestha ◽  
Shailja Sarawagi ◽  
Nanda Bikram Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
High Risk ◽  
National Security ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
National Elections ◽  
The World ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Election Commission

   National elections are a big deal which has a major role in the development and progress of a country. The security of an election is in fact the matter of national security. Current voting systems in the context of Nepal and other parts of the world are still traditional and insecure. From the dawn of democracy, elections are still based on pen and papers. While there are new electronic voting machines, these systems have a high risk of rigging and are prone to failure, crashes, and attacks from intruders. The stated problems can be addressed through the implementation of new technology namely Blockchain for a transparent and reliable voting process. A blockchain based voting platform has been built to make the voting process digital, secure, reliable and intuitive. The votes casted by voters are stored in the blockchain, thus making it immutable and secure. The system can be scaled based on the requirements of an election. Voters can login to the system with the help of encrypted identification. This encrypted identification will lead to secure voting process. A separate portal for both voters and the election commission reduces the election hassle and time. So, in this system, it is demonstrated how the use of blockchain platform could contribute to modern elections using Ethereum, smart contracts and distributed systems to provide voters with secure, transparent and reliable voting platform.

scholarly journals Architecture-Centric Evaluation of Blockchain-Based Smart Contract E-Voting for National Elections

Informatics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Olawande Daramola ◽  
Darren Thebus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Study Context ◽  
Significant Attention

E-voting is one of the valid use cases of blockchain technology with many blockchain e-voting systems already proposed. But efforts that focus on critical analysis of blockchain e-voting architectures for national elections from stakeholders’ perspectives are mostly lacking in the literature. Therefore, government decision-makers and election stakeholders do not yet have a sufficient basis to understand the potential risks, challenges, and prospects that are associated with blockchain e-voting. This paper demonstrates how the use of the Architecture Trade-off Analysis Method (ATAM) can enable stakeholders in national elections to understand the risks, prospects, and challenges that could be associated with a blockchain e-voting system for national elections. By using a study context of South Africa, a proposed blockchain e-voting architecture was used as a basis to aid election stakeholders to reason on the concept of blockchain e-voting to get them to understand the potential risks, security threats, critical requirements attributes, and weaknesses that could be associated with using blockchain e-voting for national elections. The study found that blockchain e-voting can prevent many security attacks, internal vote manipulation, and promote transparency. However, voter validation and the security of the blockchain architecture are potential weaknesses that will need significant attention.

scholarly journals Development of A Fingerprint Biometric Authentication System For Secure Electronic Voting Machines

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
B U Umar ◽  
O M Olaniyi ◽  
L A Ajao ◽  
D Maliki ◽  
I C Okeke
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Electronic Voting ◽  
Biometric Authentication ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Slow Response ◽  
The World ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Authentication System

            Democratic government in the world today rely on electronic voting as the foremost means of providing credible, transparent and fair elections for the electorate. There is a need for developed electronic voting systems to be security enhanced to ensure the authenticity of the developed system. Traditional paper balloting systems suffer from vote tampering, multiple voting and illegal voting by unregistered voters. They are also, susceptible to under aged voting due to the difficulty in authenticating the identity of prospective voters. Manual collation and publication of vote results also leads to slow response times and inaccuracies in published results. This research paper proposes a system to combat the current challenges through the development of a fingerprint biometric authentication system for secure electronic voting machines. It uses a fingerprint biometric sensor, integrated via Python to verify users of the system. The inclusion of biometrics improves the security features of the system. The secure voting system is built using PHP and easy to use Graphical User Interface was designed using HTML and CSS. Users are required to interact with the machine via a 7” touchscreen interface. From the results, it shows that the developed machine has a minimum response time of 0.6 seconds for specific operation, an FAR of 2%, FRR of 10% and overall system accuracy of 94%. The developed machine is able to combat the challenges of authentication of users, thereby guaranteeing the transparency, credibility, integrity and vote authenticity of the elections.

Global Issues of Information Technologies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Taowen Le
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The World ◽  
New Challenges

Information technologies have been deployed as a key competitive advantage by multinational and transnational businesses throughout the world. They have performed wonders for individuals, societies, and nations worldwide. Nevertheless, they have also generated numerous global issues. This chapter surveyed and discussed 10 of these issues: interruption of traditional business models, threats to privacy, cyberbullying, unethical behavior in the workplace in a digital world, undesirable impact of texting, new challenges of polling, online piracy, threats to national security, threats to human jobs, and obstacles to information technology innovations. Upon reading this chapter, the reader should be able to understand that every new technology has tradeoffs, and recognized issues lead to improvements and more innovations.

scholarly journals A Proposed Framework for Fingerprint-based Voting System in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahida Nigar ◽  
Mohan Lal Nath ◽  
MD. Toufiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Voting Rights ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Legitimate User ◽  
Voter Identification ◽  
The People ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Election Commission

The objective of this project is to improve the existing voting system that will be accurate, transparent, and faster and will ensure a single vote for a single person. Our proposed system has covered all of these issues successfully. This product is affordable by many organizations where preferential elections conducted. The product is a prototype and can be implemented for vast use. Voting is an onerous task for the election commission to conduct free and fair polls in our country, the largest democracy in the world. A lot of money has been spent on this to make sure that the elections are rampage free. But, now- a -days it has become very usual for some forces to indulge in rigging which may eventually lead to a result contrary to the actual verdict given by the people. In order to provide inexpensive solutions to the above, this project is implemented with the biometric system i.e. fingerprint scanning. This is used to ensure the security to avoid fake, repeated voting, etc. It also enhances the accuracy and speed of the process. The system uses a thumb impression for voter identification as we know that the thumb impression of every human being has a unique pattern. Thus it would have an edge over the present-day voting systems. The purpose of such a system is to ensure that the voting rights are accessed only by a legitimate user and no one else. In this, creation of a database consisting of the thumb impressions of all the eligible voters in a constituency is done as a pre-poll procedure. During elections, the thumb impression of a voter is entered as input to the system. This is then compared with the available records in the database. If the particular pattern matches with anyone in the available record, access to cast a vote is granted. But in case the pattern doesn’t match with the records of the database or in case of repetition, access to cast a vote is denied or the vote gets rejected. The result is instantaneous and counting is done. The overall cost for conducting elections gets reduced and so does the maintenance cost of the systems.

scholarly journals A Blockchain-Based Voting System for E-Elections in Totalitarian States

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossin shafiabadi ◽  
◽  
◽  
Mohammad Hossin shafiabadi
Keyword(s):  
Distributed System ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Polling Models ◽  
Voter Identification ◽  
The World ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Distributed Technologies ◽  
Centralized System

The purpose of the present research was to introduce a blockchain-based voting system so that any state, including totalitarian states, can show interest in using it. In this method, a hybrid voting system with two centralized and distributed systems was used. Its centralized system is one of the most common voter identification and polling models, and its distributed system, which is designed with Ethereum public blockchain, is voting for voters. Totalitarian states are not interested in announcing the results online. Also, the lack of trust in E-voting systems by both states and voters has led to E-voting in important political elections in most states as support for manual or paper voting. Based on the results of field research with this voting system, it was possible to create a 7 min break between the end of the voting process and the announcement of the results for political considerations. This break can be increased by agreement. The results of the votes cannot be manipulated in any way. Survey results should also be communicated to voters before the voting process. This voting system can improve the level of democracy and maximum participation. It is hoped that the spread of distributed technologies, especially the blockchain, will pave the way for the spread of justice and democracy around the world.

Secure Electronic Voting System based on Mobile-app and Blockchain

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surbhi Dewan ◽  
Latika Singh ◽  
Neha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Electoral System ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Electronic Voting ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Electronic Voting System

Introduction: The notion of electronic voting has evolved over a period of time replacing the traditional system which was based on paper ballots. Several types of electronic voting systems exist, still the implementation is partial and there is a scope for improvement for making it more secure and user-friendly.Method In this paper, a proof-of-concept is presented which aims to address the issues and challenges in the electoral system, by using the concept of Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts. Result: These electronic electoral processes propose a centralized solution that can be easily tampered, thus increasing the problem of distrust in the citizens. To overcome this blockchain technology can be used for implementing mobile based electronic voting system. Blockchain technology is aiding in the development of novel digital services that are more secure and reliable. Discussion: The main objective of this paper is to depict how a feasible, secure and reliable mobile voting system can be built by implementing the concept of blockchain and smart contracts. Conclusion: The issue of security and transparency in the voting system can be addressed using blockchain technology. The present study aims to fulfil these gaps partially by providing use-case for the voting process which is based on mobile and blockchain technology.

Two Years after the Crisis: Do Risks of the Second Wave Become Stronger?

2011 ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
World Economy ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Global Imbalances ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Second Wave

With signs of normalization seemingly in place in the world economy, a number of problems show the possibility of aggravation in the future. The volume of derivatives in American banks grows significantly, high risk instruments are back in place and their use becomes more active, global imbalances increase. All of the above requires thorough approaches when creating mechanisms which can neutralize external shocks for the Russian economy and make it possible to develop in the new post-crisis environment.

The Process of Globalization and Its Impact on Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Veton Zejnullahi
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
The Impact

The process of globalization, which many times is considered as new world order is affecting all spheres of modern society but also the media. In this paper specifically we will see the impact of globalization because we see changing the media access to global problems in general being listed on these processes. We will see that the greatest difficulties will have small media as such because the process is moving in the direction of creating mega media which thanks to new technology are reaching to deliver news and information at the time of their occurrence through choked the small media. So it is fair to conclude that the rapid economic development and especially the technology have made the world seem "too small" to the human eyes, because for real-time we will communicate with the world with the only one Internet connection, and also all the information are take for the development of events in the four corners of the world and direct from the places when the events happen. Even Albanian space has not left out of this process because the media in the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Kosovo are adapted to the new conditions under the influence of the globalization process. This fact is proven powerful through creating new television packages, written the websites and newspapers in their possession.

A review study of nasal endoscopy protocol during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (CSI) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Rafid Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Paranasal Sinus ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Nasal Endoscopy ◽  
Paranasal Sinus Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Major Procedure ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Review Study

During ENT practice, we have to examine the nose and perform several nasal procedures in our clinics. Otolaryngologists are at a high risk of exposure to the COVID-19 virus. Nasal endoscopy is a major procedure for the diagnosis of the nasal and paranasal sinus diseases and introducing proper health services for our patients. In addition, the world is living the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, for which we have to protect ourselves, educate our medical staff, and work together against the spread of this severely contagious disease within our communities. The main purpose of this study is to review the protocol of nasal endoscopy in the ENT clinic and enhance the safest way to deal with patients during this pandemic.(1)

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