scholarly journals Tobacco Use, Dependence and Psychiatric Co-Morbidities Among Patients Admitted in Psychiatry Ward

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
S Limbu ◽  
DR Shakya ◽  
N Sapkota ◽  
R Gautam ◽  
L Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Holistic Management ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Introduction: Nicotine dependent individuals among the tobacco users are in greater risk of having tobacco related disease and psychiatric co-morbidities. There is little information about the tobacco use and nicotine dependence among psychiatric patients in developing countries including Nepal. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use, the level of nicotine dependence among the users and the psychiatric disorder specific prevalence among tobacco users admitted in psychiatry ward.Material And Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in In-patient setting of Department of Psychiatry, BPKIHS. Ninety cases (size) were enrolled. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was applied to assess the level of nicotine dependence and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) for diagnosis of Psychiatric disorders.Results: The prevalence of tobacco use was 62.2%. Tobacco use was more common among males (p value< 0.05).Smokeless form was the commonest form of tobacco. Majority of tobacco users had moderate nicotine dependence and had started the use in adolescence and in their 20s. Psychotic disorders were the most common diagnosis among the admitted patients.Conclusion: Tobacco use is common in patients with psychiatric disorders. Nicotine dependence should be looked into for holistic management. Treatment approaches should be tailored in tobacco users with comorbid psychiatric disorders, as this specific population has high prevalence of tobacco use and higher nicotine dependence. J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol. 6, No. 2, 2017, Page: 54-59

scholarly journals Relationship Pattern of Personality Disorder Traits in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762199953
Author(s):  
Bhavneesh Saini ◽  
Pir Dutt Bansal ◽  
Mamta Bahetra ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Bansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurotic Disorders

Background: Normal personality development, gone awry due to genetic or environmental factors, results in personality disorders (PD). These often coexist with other psychiatric disorders, affecting their outcome adversely. Considering the heterogeneity of data, more research is warranted. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on personality traits in psychiatric patients of a tertiary hospital, over 1 year. Five hundred and twenty-five subjects, aged 18–45 years, with substance, psychotic, mood, or neurotic disorders were selected by convenience sampling. They were evaluated for illness-related variables using psychiatric pro forma; diagnostic confirmation and severity assessment were done using ICD-10 criteria and suitable scales. Personality assessment was done using the International Personality Disorder Examination after achieving remission. Results: Prevalence of PD traits and PDs was 56.3% and 4.2%, respectively. While mood disorders were the diagnostic group with the highest prevalence of PD traits, it was neurotic disorders for PDs. Patients with PD traits had a past psychiatric history and upper middle socioeconomic status (SES); patients with PDs were urban and unmarried. Both had a lower age of onset of psychiatric illness. Psychotic patients with PD traits had higher and lower PANSS positive and negative scores, respectively. The severity of personality pathology was highest for mixed cluster and among neurotic patients. Clusterwise prevalence was cluster C > B > mixed > A (47.1%, 25.2%, 16.7%, and 11.4%). Among subtypes, anankastic (18.1%) and mixed (16.7%) had the highest prevalence. Those in the cluster A group were the least educated and with lower SES than others. Conclusions: PD traits were present among 56.3% of the patients, and they had many significant sociodemographic and illness-related differences from those without PD traits. Cluster C had the highest prevalence. Among patients with psychotic disorders, those with PD traits had higher severity of psychotic symptoms.

Tobacco Use and Dependence among Psychiatry Out-Patients of a Health Institute in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Suren Limbu ◽  
D R Shakya ◽  
N Sapkota ◽  
R Gautam Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Common ◽  
Psychiatry Disorders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Background: Assessment of nicotine dependence among tobacco users is essential as highly dependent individuals have greater risk of developing tobacco related physical and psychiatric problems. There is little information about the tobacco use and nicotine dependence among psychiatric patients in developing countries, including Nepal. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of tobacco use, the level of nicotine dependence and the psychiatric disorder specific prevalence among tobacco users visiting a psychiatry out-patient department. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Out-patient setting of Department of Psychiatry, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS). Ninety cases (calculated sample size) were enrolled. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was applied to assess the level of nicotine dependence and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for diagnosis of Psychiatric disorders. Results: The prevalence of tobacco use was 55.6%. Tobacco use was more common among males (pvalue < 0.05). Smokeless form was the common form of tobacco. Majority of them had started their consumption in their adolescence. Most users had moderate nicotine dependence. Major depressive disorder and Alcohol dependence were the most common diagnoses among tobacco users. Conclusion: More than half of the psychiatry out-patients consumed tobacco. Future studies that help to understand the relationship and possible mechanism of increased tobacco use in patients with psychiatry disorders are required. Tobacco control and prevention strategies should be initiated targeting vulnerable populations such as male gender and adolescent.

scholarly journals Investigating the Factors Affecting the Length of Stay of Patients Admitted To Psychiatry Hospital at North of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pezhman Hadinezhad ◽  
Javad Setareh ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quality Of Control ◽  
North Of Iran

Background and Purpose: Length of stay is one of the most useful indicators, which can be used for aims, such as managing hospital, determining quality of control and available resources of the hospital. Concerning the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the community, studying the factors affecting the length of stay of these patients in psychiatric hospitals seemed to be useful and significant. Materials and methods: The present research was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 152 patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized in the Psychiatry Hospital of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. The final diagnosis of psychiatric disorder based on the DSM-V criteria and the length of stay at the end was recorded. The collected data were then analyzed by SPSS Software ver. 16 Results: Length of stay was significantly higher in men than women (p <0.001). In terms of diagnosis, the maximum duration of hospitalization was related to psychotic disorders (p = 0.001), and the length of stay increased significantly 0.21 day for each time of hospitalization. (p=0.008) Conclusion: The length of stay in men with psychotic disorders and more frequent hospitalization was found to be higher than others. Hence, it seemed necessary to consider plans about these patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of drug attitude, medication adherence and quality of life among psychiatric patients in South Indian population: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Suganya Ganesan ◽  
Nitya Selvaraj ◽  
Vinoth Krishna Dass ◽  
Nalinidevi Jayabalan ◽  
Meher Ali Rajamohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medication Nonadherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Attitude

Background: In spite of many progresses in treatment of psychiatric disorders, medication nonadherence plays an important role in worsening of clinical condition and affects quality of life among psychiatric patients. There are numerous factors contributing for medication nonadherence among patients with mental illness. So, this study was conducted to assess psychiatric patients’ adherence of medication and to improve their quality of life with psychiatric disorder. The objectives of the study were to analyze impact of pharmacophilia and pharmacophobia on medication adherence among patients with psychiatric disorders at a tertiary care hospital and to assess quality of life among pharmacophilic and pharmacophobic patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient psychiatric department for a period of two months. After obtaining informed voluntary consent, patient’s socio-demographic details, diagnosis, and treatment were recorded from prescription slip. Patients above 18yr age with psychiatric diagnosis as per International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10) and receiving at least one psychotropic medication for >1 month were enrolled in study and assessed using: Drug attitude inventory classification (DAI-10); Medication Rating Scale (MARS); Quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF).Results: Among 130 patients, 116 were pharmacophilic and 14 were pharmacophobic as per DAI-10 scale. 81.9% of pharmacophilic were adherent to prescribed medication assessed using MARS scale only 14.3% were pharmacophobic. The quality of life was better in pharmacophilic compared to pharmacophobic group (p=0.002) using Q-LES-Q-SF.Conclusions: This study concluded that pharmacophilic patients have higher adherence and good quality of life index compared to pharmacophobic. Proper counselling of pharmacophobic patients by psychiatrists could improve adherence and QOL.

scholarly journals Magnitude of exposure and perception of second hand smoking among rural population in Trichy, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2946
Author(s):  
Hemalatha K. ◽  
Varunkumar R. ◽  
Vandana S. J.
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protection Measures

Background: India is one of the countries where tobacco use is highly prevalent. Tobacco use in the form of smoking is related to occurrence of multiple health related problems in smokers and also general population.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 360 adults residing in a rural area of Tiruchirappalli. Cluster sampling was used to select the study participants. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on tobacco use, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), knowledge on its health effects and protection measures. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi info 7.2. The results were presented in the form of mean and percentage. Chi-square was used to find the association between the parameters and ETS. A p value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Mean age of the study group was 38.5±10.8 years. Proportion of males and females was 53.9% and 46.1% respectively. Two hundred and fifty five (70.8%) were non-smokers and 29.2% have ever smoked some form of tobacco product. Thirty seven percent of the non-smokers were exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the past 15 days and exposure was higher among males (46.7%) than females (31.3%) (χ2 value=6.3; p=0.014). Public place was the most common place of exposure (25.5%) to ETS. Significantly higher proportion of smokers had correct knowledge on ill effects of ETS than smokers (χ2 value=12.3; p= 0.0004).Conclusions: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was significantly high in the study population. Either strict enforcement of laws or banning cigarette sale completely would help reducing the exposure to cigarette smoke which is an important risk factor for multiple non communicable diseases.

Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Saurabh Jaiswal ◽  
Santosh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

ABSTRACT Introduction People with epilepsy are more likely than the general population to have comorbid psychiatric disorders that include anxiety, depression, and interictal and chronic psychoses. Even though psychiatric comorbidity is common in epilepsy, it is underrecognized and undertreated, both in specialty epilepsy centers and also in community-based services. A thorough assessment of this was sought in this study among the patients of Rohilkhand region of Uttar Pradesh (India). Materials and methods A total of 100 patients with epilepsy who visited the psychiatry outpatient clinic were recruited for this study. They were assessed in detail for the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders on Axis 1 with the help of Structured Clinical Interview for Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Results Overall, it was found that a comorbidity of psychiatric disorders was present in 45% of patients with epilepsy. The frequency of cooccurrence of different types of psychiatric disorders was as follows: Mood disorders 21%, anxiety disorders 14%, and psychotic disorders 28%. Conclusion Psychiatric comorbidities were found to be a common problem in patients with epilepsy. The results of this study are in line with many different research works both in India and abroad. A proper address of this issue is important for management, better outcome, and policy making in patients with epilepsy. How to cite this article Jaiswal S, Kumar S, Sharma CS, Kuchhal A, Jaiswal A. Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(1):24-28.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Fatigue and Its Association with Quality of Life Among Clinically Stable Older Psychiatric Patients During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyun Zou ◽  
Zi-Han Liu ◽  
Xiaona Yan ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Yulong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Background: The pattern of fatigue in older psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 outbreak was unknown. This study examined the prevalence of fatigue and its association with quality of life (QOL) in clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Fatigue, depression, pain, insomnia symptoms, and QOL were assessed with standardized instruments. Results: A total of 1,063 patients were recruited. The prevalence of fatigue was 47.1% (95%CI: 44.1% - 50.1%). Analysis of covariance revealed that QOL was significantly lower in patients with fatigue compared to those without (P=0.011). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that more severe depression (OR=1.15, P<0.001), insomnia symptoms (OR=1.08, P<0.001) and pain (OR=1.43, P<0.001) were significantly associated with fatigue.Conclusions: Fatigue was common among clinically stable older patients with psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak. Considering its negative impact on QOL, regular assessment of fatigue and appropriate treatment warrant attention in this subpopulation.

scholarly journals Prescription for psychiatric patients in a Brazilian public hospital: cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 0362
Author(s):  
Maria R. Fernandes ◽  
Laura J. Lopes ◽  
Milla P. Rocha ◽  
Laís P. Almeida ◽  
Tânia R. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Inappropriate Prescriptions

Background: The growing use of psychotropic drugs has been attributed to a higher frequency of psychiatric disorders diagnosed, interaction of new drugs on the pharmaceutical market, and new therapeutic indications of existing drugs. Given this scenario, the adequacy of the use of psychotropic drugs needs to be analyzed considering the scientific evidences. Objectives: To assess the appropriateness of drug prescriptions used by psychiatric patients in a public hospital in Sorocaba, according to the best available scientific evidence, and to describe the profile of this population. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from clinical records of patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized in the psychiatric sector of the Sorocaba Hospital Complex, state of São Paulo, Brazil, between August 2015 and December 2016. The outcomes measured were: inappropriate use, presence of contraindication and serious or contraindicated drug interactions, according to the information available on the Dynamed® and Micromedex® 2.0 databases. Results: Patients were predominantly adults, and diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder. Antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and lithium accounted for 84.0% (n=2,938) of the 3,500 drugs prescribed for mental disorders. There were 2,157 (61.6%) inappropriate prescriptions, of which 81.9% corresponded to antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and lithium. There were 1,712 prescriptions with drug combinations that risked causing drug interactions, predominantly involving antipsychotic use (67.0%). Conclusion: The study revealed a high number of inappropriate prescriptions, pointing to a need for greater prescription adequacy to ensure effective safe treatment for psychiatric patients.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents Attending Psychiatry Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (238) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Joshi ◽  
Asim Shrestha ◽  
Deepika Karki ◽  
Pradip Man Singh
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Adolescence is the time when most mental illness begins most of the time these problems are overlooked leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The study is undertaken to find out the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adolescents attending psychiatry outpatient department in a tertiary hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done from 1st December 2019 to 29th November 2020 at a tertiary care centre of Kathmandu. Ethical approval (Ref No.: 012-076/077) was taken from the Institution Review Committee. A semi-structured proforma was used for the socio-demographic profile of patients and International Classification of Diseases-10 was used to make the diagnosis. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Results: A total of 174 adolescents were included in the study. Out of the total cases 141 (81.03%) (75.1-86.8 at 95% Confidence Interval) were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, among them 73 (51.77%) were males and 68 (48.23%) were females. The common diagnoses were anxiety disorders 63 (36.20%), mood disorders 34 (19.54%), psychotic disorders 26 (14.94%), substance use disorders 8 (4.59%), non-organic sleep disorders 5 (2.87%), behavioral and emotional disorders 3 (1.72%) and mental retardation 2 (1.149%). Conclusions: Prevalence of psychiatric illnesses is high in the adolescent population compared to the similar studies.

scholarly journals Assessment of nicotine dependence among tobacco users visiting outreach programs in Dharan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Subedi ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Tarakant Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Nicotine Dependency ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Nicotine is a highly addictive substance present in tobacco. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of tobacco use and compare the nicotine dependence among smokers and smokeless tobacco users visiting dental outreach programs of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences -Dharan, Nepal. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2018 to April 2019. A total of 726 people were selected from participants of dental outreach programs of 6 districts using convenience sampling technique. The data collection was done using semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview by a single researcher. History of tobacco use and level of nicotine dependency was measured using Nepali translated and validated form of Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence for smoking and smokeless. The mean age of the tobacco users was 39.55 ± 15.57 (Range = 19–82 years). Descriptive statistics including the mean, median, percentage, standard deviations and interquartile range were computed. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and odds ratio were calculated where needed. Results The overall prevalence of any tobacco use, smoking form, smokeless and both form was found to be 32.8%, 14.9%, 14.3% and 3.6% respectively. Nicotine dependence (moderate and severe) was found in 80% of smokeless tobacco users and 48% of smokers. Among the smokeless tobacco users nicotine dependency was found to be more with female gender (Odds ratio = 4.98, 95%CI = 1.41–17.69, p = 0.01), increase in duration of tobacco use with every 10 years, low socioeconomic status (Odds ratio = 2.75, 95%CI = 1.02–7.40, p = 0.04), married, not using alcohol. Among smokers nicotine dependency was found to be significantly higher with more than 30 years of duration (Odds ratio = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.42–7.92, p = 0.005). Conclusions The study concluded that prevalence of tobacco consumption and nicotine dependence was high among the people visiting dental outreach programs. This study incorporated both smoking and smokeless tobacco users. It is high time to develop a policy to control tobacco use along with creating tobacco cessation centers. Tobacco control program are basically focusing on smoking. However, it is very necessary to incorporate in policy level to control smokeless tobacco along with smoking. Tobacco cessation centers will obviously help to quit tobacco among the tobacco users.

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