scholarly journals Histopathological pattern of central nervous system tumor: A three year retrospective study

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Frequent Type ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: There is no documented data regarding the histopathological spectrum of the central nervous system (CNS) tumors in Nepal. The aim of this study was to establish the relative frequency of biopsy proven tumors of the CNS from a single university hospital in Nepal. Materials and Methods: In the period between1998-2000, we retrospectively analyzed data on 57 patients (28 male and 29 female) diagnosed with CNS tumors according to the World Health Organization’s diagnostic criteria. Patient data were retrieved from the archives of the department of Pathology, Nepal Medical College. Results: A total of 57 CNS tumors were diagnosed during a three year period. Of these, 49 (86%) were primary, and 8 (14%) were metastatic. The most frequent type of CNS tumors was astrocytoma (22 cases, 38.6%), followed by meningioma (8 cases, 14%) and metastatic tumor (8 cases, 14%). Among the 8 metastatic tumors, the most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma (7 cases, 87.5%). Conclusion: The most frequent type of CNS tumors in this study was astrocytoma, followed by meningioma and metastatic tumor. The ratio of male to female for all CNS tumors was 0.9:1. Female outnumbered male in meningioma (1:0.3). Keywords: Astrocytoma; Meningioma; Tumor; Nepal; Central nervous system   DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i1.4445 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2011) Vol.1, 22-25

scholarly journals Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma Occurring in the Third Ventricle

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Sanghyeon Kim ◽  
Myongjin Kang ◽  
Sunseob Choi ◽  
Dae Cheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Organization

Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a rare central nervous system tumor that has been included in the 2007 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. Due to its more aggressive behavior, PMA is classified as Grade II neoplasm by the World Health Organization. PMA predominantly affects the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region and occurs in children (mean age of occurrence = 10 months). We report a case of a 24-year-old man who presented with headache, nausea, and vomiting. Brain CT and MRI revealed a mass occupying only the third ventricle. We performed partial resection. Histological findings, including monophasic growth with a myxoid background, and absence of Rosenthal fibers or eosinophilic granular bodies, as well as the strong positivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein were consistent with PMA.

scholarly journals A study on morphologic and histological pattern of the central nervous system tumors

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3879
Author(s):  
Ajay Singh Thakur ◽  
Renuka Gahine ◽  
Vishal Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Oligodendroglial Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: It has been revealed by International Agency for Research on Cancer that the worldwide incidence rate of CNS tumors in 2002 was 3.7/100,000 population among males and 2.6/100,000 population among females. Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors account for 85% of brain tumors and 15 % of spinal cord tumors, however metastatic tumors are usually extradural. According to the WHO classification tumors of CNS comprise more than 50 clinico-pathological entities. The major categories include the tumors of neuroepithelial tissue, cranial and paraspinal nerves, meninges, sellar region, lymphomas haematopoietic neoplasms, germ cell and metastatic tumors. An understanding of the epidemiology is needed to facilitate prevention, early detection and treatment of CNS tumours.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College Raipur, India from January 2009 to August 2017. The present study was a retrospective study, hence H and E section of every case was re-examined and histopathological reports were reviewed. Sections were stained with H&E. Diagnosis is made according to the WHO classification and diagnostic criteria for CNS neoplasms.Results: CNS tumours occur more frequently in the age group of 41-50 years (57 cases -21.1%) followed by 31-40 years (53 cases -19.7%). The most common entity in the present study were tumours of neuroepithelial tissue 127 cases (47.2%) followed by tumors of meninges 59 cases (22%) and nerve sheath tumours 42 cases (15.6%). The tumors of neuroepithelial tissue comprised mainly of astrocytic tumors 86 cases (32%) followed by embryonal tumors 15 cases (5.6%), ependymal tumors 11 cases (4.1%), oligodendroglial tumors 09 cases (3.3%).Conclusions: Within the scope and limitations of the present study we believe that this effort would help in establishing the grounds for future epidemiologic studies that would, eventually, contribute to give insight into the epidemiology of CNS tumors.

EPID-26. ALIGNING THE CBTRUS HISTOLOGY GROUPS WITH 2016 WHO CLASSIFICATION OF TUMORS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi91-vi91
Author(s):  
Carol Kruchko ◽  
Nirav Patil ◽  
Gino Cioffi ◽  
Daniel Brat ◽  
Janet Bruner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract BACKGROUND The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) uses a histology grouping scheme modeled after the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System (CNS) to classify cancer registry records for clinically relevant statistical reporting. Molecular studies have identified genetic features which precisely stratify tumor types, resulting in the 2016 update to the WHO Classification incorporating these markers. To continue providing clinically relevant statistics, the histology groupings have been aligned with the 2016 update. Resulting changes to groupings were assessed. METHODS In collaboration with four consulting neuropathologists the scheme was reviewed and realigned to the 2016 update. Obsolete histology nomenclature and ICD-O-3 codes were identified. Evaluation of the frequency of affected codes in the 2013-2017 data was conducted. RESULTS 417,767 total cases of primary brain and CNS tumors were diagnosed during 2013-2017 in the US. After review of the CBTRUS grouping scheme, 67 codes were noted to be obsolete, 51 codes were re-classified and 12 new codes were incorporated. This reorganization could result in grouping assignment or reporting changes for 2,588 cases (0.6%). The histology groups most significantly affected were mesenchymal tumors and neuronal and mixed neuronal glial tumors. CONCLUSIONS The 2016 revision to WHO Classification has affected collection and reporting of CNS tumors. The CBTRUS data edits program is now undergoing revision, which will become the basis of reporting. Some histology-specific molecular markers require additional data to distinguish between cases. In collaboration with CBTRUS, the NAACCR SSDI Committee developed a new variable for collection of molecular information. This variable was included in Uniform Data Standards beginning on January 1, 2018 and will be available for reporting in 2021. A 2021 update to the WHO Classification is scheduled for release later this year, requiring further classification updates.

scholarly journals QOL-36. USE OF CANNABINOIDS IN THE PEDIATRIC CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMOR POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii438-iii438
Author(s):  
Kathleen Dorris ◽  
Jessica Channell ◽  
Ashley Mettetal ◽  
Molly Hemenway ◽  
Natalie Briones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND Cannabinoids, including cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are a class of compounds found in marijuana. Numerous studies in adults have examined cannabinoid use in management of cancer-related symptoms such as nausea, anorexia, and pain. Less is known about the use in the pediatric oncology population. METHODS A prospective observational study has been ongoing since 2016 at Children’s Hospital Colorado to evaluate cannabinoids’ impact using PedsQL™ modules on quality of life of pediatric patients with central nervous system (CNS) tumors who are 2–18 years old. Laboratory assessments of T-cell activity and pharmacokinetics of CBD, THC and associated metabolites are in process. Diaries with exploratory information on cannabinoid use patterns are being collected. RESULTS Thirty-three patients (14:19; male:female) have been enrolled with a median age of 6.4 years (range, 2.9–17.7 years). The most common tumor type in enrolled patients is embryonal tumors (13/33; 39%). Nine (27%) patients have low-grade glial/glioneuronal tumors, and eight (24%) had high-grade/diffuse midline gliomas. The remaining patients had ependymoma or craniopharyngioma. The median time on cannabinoids is 9 months. Most (n=20) patients have used oral products with CBD and THC. One patient continues on cannabinoid therapy in follow up. Preliminary immune function analyses identified impaired neutrophil superoxide anion production and chemotaxis in patients taking cannabinoids at early time points on therapy. CONCLUSIONS Families of children with various CNS tumors are pursuing cannabinoid therapy for both antitumor and supportive care purposes. Analysis of the impact of cannabinoids on patients’ quality of life is ongoing.

scholarly journals High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP): the Charité experience with a new central nervous system tumor entity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Bender ◽  
Eilís Perez ◽  
Mihaela Chirica ◽  
Julia Onken ◽  
Johannes Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
High Grade Astrocytoma ◽  
Tumor Entity

Abstract Purpose High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently described brain tumor entity defined by a specific DNA methylation profile. HGAP has been proposed to be integrated in the upcoming World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors expected in 2021. In this series, we present the first single-center experience with this new entity. Methods During 2017 and 2020, six HGAP were identified. Clinical course, surgical procedure, histopathology, genome-wide DNA methylation analysis, imaging, and adjuvant therapy were collected. Results Tumors were localized in the brain stem (n = 1), cerebellar peduncle (n = 1), diencephalon (n = 1), mesencephalon (n = 1), cerebrum (n = 1) and the thoracic spinal cord (n = 2). The lesions typically presented as T1w hypo- to isointense and T2w hyperintense with inhomogeneous contrast enhancement on MRI. All patients underwent initial surgical intervention. Three patients received adjuvant radiochemotherapy, and one patient adjuvant radiotherapy alone. Four patients died of disease, with an overall survival of 1.8, 9.1, 14.8 and 18.1 months. One patient was alive at the time of last follow-up, 14.6 months after surgery, and one patient was lost to follow-up. Apart from one tumor, the lesions did not present with high grade histology, however patients showed poor clinical outcomes. Conclusions Here, we provide detailed clinical, neuroradiological, histological, and molecular pathological information which might aid in clinical decision making until larger case series are published. With the exception of one case, the tumors did not present with high-grade histology but patients still showed short intervals between diagnosis and tumor progression or death even after extensive multimodal therapy.

scholarly journals Co-Deregulated miRNA Signatures in Childhood Central Nervous System Tumors: In Search for Common Tumor miRNA-Related Mechanics

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3028
Author(s):  
George I. Lambrou ◽  
Apostolos Zaravinos ◽  
Maria Braoudaki
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Cns Tumor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Receiver Operator Curve Analysis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Operator Curve

Despite extensive experimentation on pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), related to both prognosis, diagnosis and treatment, the understanding of pathogenesis and etiology of the disease remains scarce. MicroRNAs are known to be involved in CNS tumor oncogenesis. We hypothesized that CNS tumors possess commonly deregulated miRNAs across different CNS tumor types. Aim: The current study aims to reveal the co-deregulated miRNAs across different types of pediatric CNS tumors. Materials: A total of 439 CNS tumor samples were collected from both in-house microarray experiments as well as data available in public databases. Diagnoses included medulloblastoma, astrocytoma, ependydoma, cortical dysplasia, glioblastoma, ATRT, germinoma, teratoma, yoc sac tumors, ocular tumors and retinoblastoma. Results: We found miRNAs that were globally up- or down-regulated in the majority of the CNS tumor samples. MiR-376B and miR-372 were co-upregulated, whereas miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR-765 among others, were co-downregulated across all CNS tumors. Receiver-operator curve analysis showed that miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR765 could distinguish between CNS tumors and normal brain tissue. Conclusions: Our approach could prove significant in the search for global miRNA targets for tumor diagnosis and therapy. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports concerning the present approach.

scholarly journals Central liponeurocytoma: Case report and review of literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 083-085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Ailawadhi ◽  
M.C. Sharma ◽  
A.K. Mahapatra ◽  
P. Sarat Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Tumor Classification ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma ◽  
Classification Of Tumors ◽  
System Tumor ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Glioneuronal Tumors

Abstract Cerebellar liponeurocytoma consists of well-differentiated neurons with the cytology of neurocytes in addition to a population of lipidized cells. Hence it is biphasic in appearance and has been included in the category of glioneuronal tumors of the central nervous system by the WHO working group on the Classification of Tumors of the Nervous System. However, liponeurocytoma is not exclusive to the cerebellar or fourth ventricular location. Since its inclusion in the central nervous system tumor classification, nine cases with similar histological and immunohistochemical features have also been described in the lateral ventricles. We describe here such a lateral ventricular tumour in a 30-year-old woman, characteristically showing divergent glio-neuronal differentiation and lipidized neoplastic cells. Therefore, we suggest that future WHO tumor classification should consider that liponeurocytomas are not entirely restricted to the cerebellum and henceforth change of nomenclature might be considered, as also pointed out by other authors.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Study of Central Nervous System Tumors in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
David Hakizimana ◽  
Agabe Emmy Nkusi ◽  
David Hakizimana ◽  
Eric Shingiro ◽  
Paulin Munyemana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Secondary Neoplasms ◽  
Nervous System Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction: Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are primary or secondary neoplasms located within the craniovertebral cavity. The incidence of CNS tumors is not uniform with variation between different countries, age groups and races. Objective: Our study aim was to generate new knowledge of the epidemiology of central nervous system tumors in Rwanda. Method: This was an observational retrospective study of all patients diagnosed with CNS tumors in Rwanda over a period of 10 years, from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2015. Results: 466 patients enrolled, (52.2% females, 47.8% males). The median age at diagnosis of was 37 years. Brain tumors were 82.7%; spine tumor patients were 16.4%. The average annual age-standardized incidence of CNS tumors was 0.43/100, 0000 person-years and varied with age groups. Tumors of meningothelial cells represented the majority of brain tumors (31.8%). Metastatic tumors were the far most common spine tumors category. 55.8 % of CNS tumors reported in our study were histologically confirmed and of nonmalignant meningiomas were the commonest (33.9%). Conclusion: This is the very first study done on epidemiology of CNS tumors in Rwanda, and generated data about incidence of CNS tumors in Rwanda and their location and histological distribution.

scholarly journals Liaison psychiatry in a central nervous system tumor service

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Alex C.N. Holmes ◽  
Sophia J. Adams ◽  
Scott Hall ◽  
Mark A. Rosenthal ◽  
Katharine J. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Cns Tumor ◽  
Treatment Information ◽  
Psychological Medicine ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractBackgroundTumors of the central nervous system (CNS) have physical and psychological effects that commonly interact and change over time. Although well suited to addressing problems at the interface between physical and psychological medicine, the role of the consultation-liaison psychiatrist has not been previously described in the management of these patients. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the experience of psychiatry liaison attachment within a CNS tumor service and to reflect on its utility within a complex multidisciplinary environment.MethodsA retrospective file review was performed on all cases seen by a psychiatrist in a CNS tumor service over the previous 5 years. A simple thematic inductive analysis was conducted of the common problems experienced by patients and their management by the psychiatrist and within the team.ResultsFive common themes were identified: (i) facilitating adaptation to diagnosis; (ii) supporting living with lower-grade tumors; (iii) managing mental disorders; (iv) neuropsychiatric symptoms of tumor progression; and (v) grief and uncertainty in the advanced stages of illness. The capacity of the psychiatrist to understand and integrate the clinical, pathological, radiological, and treatment information, in communication with colleagues, helped address these challenges.ConclusionsPsychological challenges in CNS tumor patients have both psychological and neurological underpinnings. In our experience, the addition of a liaison psychiatrist to a CNS tumor service was efficient and effective in improving patient management and led to enhanced communication and decision-making within the team.

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