scholarly journals A study on morphologic and histological pattern of the central nervous system tumors

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3879
Author(s):  
Ajay Singh Thakur ◽  
Renuka Gahine ◽  
Vishal Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Oligodendroglial Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: It has been revealed by International Agency for Research on Cancer that the worldwide incidence rate of CNS tumors in 2002 was 3.7/100,000 population among males and 2.6/100,000 population among females. Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors account for 85% of brain tumors and 15 % of spinal cord tumors, however metastatic tumors are usually extradural. According to the WHO classification tumors of CNS comprise more than 50 clinico-pathological entities. The major categories include the tumors of neuroepithelial tissue, cranial and paraspinal nerves, meninges, sellar region, lymphomas haematopoietic neoplasms, germ cell and metastatic tumors. An understanding of the epidemiology is needed to facilitate prevention, early detection and treatment of CNS tumours.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College Raipur, India from January 2009 to August 2017. The present study was a retrospective study, hence H and E section of every case was re-examined and histopathological reports were reviewed. Sections were stained with H&E. Diagnosis is made according to the WHO classification and diagnostic criteria for CNS neoplasms.Results: CNS tumours occur more frequently in the age group of 41-50 years (57 cases -21.1%) followed by 31-40 years (53 cases -19.7%). The most common entity in the present study were tumours of neuroepithelial tissue 127 cases (47.2%) followed by tumors of meninges 59 cases (22%) and nerve sheath tumours 42 cases (15.6%). The tumors of neuroepithelial tissue comprised mainly of astrocytic tumors 86 cases (32%) followed by embryonal tumors 15 cases (5.6%), ependymal tumors 11 cases (4.1%), oligodendroglial tumors 09 cases (3.3%).Conclusions: Within the scope and limitations of the present study we believe that this effort would help in establishing the grounds for future epidemiologic studies that would, eventually, contribute to give insight into the epidemiology of CNS tumors.

scholarly journals Histopathological pattern of central nervous system tumor: A three year retrospective study

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Frequent Type ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: There is no documented data regarding the histopathological spectrum of the central nervous system (CNS) tumors in Nepal. The aim of this study was to establish the relative frequency of biopsy proven tumors of the CNS from a single university hospital in Nepal. Materials and Methods: In the period between1998-2000, we retrospectively analyzed data on 57 patients (28 male and 29 female) diagnosed with CNS tumors according to the World Health Organization’s diagnostic criteria. Patient data were retrieved from the archives of the department of Pathology, Nepal Medical College. Results: A total of 57 CNS tumors were diagnosed during a three year period. Of these, 49 (86%) were primary, and 8 (14%) were metastatic. The most frequent type of CNS tumors was astrocytoma (22 cases, 38.6%), followed by meningioma (8 cases, 14%) and metastatic tumor (8 cases, 14%). Among the 8 metastatic tumors, the most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma (7 cases, 87.5%). Conclusion: The most frequent type of CNS tumors in this study was astrocytoma, followed by meningioma and metastatic tumor. The ratio of male to female for all CNS tumors was 0.9:1. Female outnumbered male in meningioma (1:0.3). Keywords: Astrocytoma; Meningioma; Tumor; Nepal; Central nervous system   DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i1.4445 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2011) Vol.1, 22-25

scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF INTRACRANIAL AND INTRASPINAL SPACE OCCUPYING LESIONS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER- A FIVE YEAR STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Meena B. Patil ◽  
Manjiri N. Karandikar
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: Tumors of Central Nervous System constitute approximately 2% of all malignancies. Cancers of the central nervous system (CNS) are considered to be among the most notorious of all cancers. Low-grade cns tumors have been found over time to progress to high grade tumors. CNS is a common site for metastasis from other organs. Due to newer techniques used in radio diagnosis and stereotactic biopsies, more & more CNS tumors are being diagnosed & are being operated upon. Aims and objectives: The objective of this article is to provide an overview of intracranial and intraspinal space occupying lesions at a single tertiary care referral center. The aim was to study incidence of various lesions in light of the   WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system, 2016 and to study relevant statistics. Material and methods: A total of 124 cases were received between January,2007 & December, 2011 at Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College and Hospital, Pune. Intraoperative diagnosis was desired in 70 cases. The final diagnoses in all the cases were made on Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides of routinely processed tissue. Results: Neoplastic lesions comprised 83.88 %, including metastatic tumors while 16.12 % were nonneoplastic.  A wide range of histopathological spectrum of CNS tumors was observed and was classified according to WHO classification of CNS tumors, 2016. The primary CNS tumors were graded from Grade I to IV according to WHO grading system, 2016. Astrocytic tumors constituted the largest category with 33 cases and most of the astrocytomas were grade II at the time of diagnosis. Incidence was more in females than males and maximum number of lesions were seen in fifth and sixth decades of life. Conclusion: This study highlights the histological diversity of CNS tumors in both adults and children. The most common destructive but nonneoplastic lesions like, infections/abscesses, infarct and cysts can be diagnosed, by crush cytology and frozen section for the definitive management.

scholarly journals Gliosarcomas: A Rare Case Report at Viet Duc University Hospital and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Quynh ◽  
Nguyen Duc Hoan ◽  
Dao Thi Luan ◽  
Nguyen Tung Ngoc ◽  
Nguyen Sy Lanh
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Gliosarcoma is a rare biphasic subtype of glioblastoma with the poor prognosis, principally affects adults; males are more frequently affected, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.8/1. Gliosarcomas are usually located in the cerebral hemispheres, involving the temporal, frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes in decreasing order of frequency. Rarely, gliosarcomas occur in the posterior fossa, lateral ventricles, or spinal cord. A case study: A 32-year-old woman presented with persistent nausea and headache. The preoperative diagnosis was Ependymoma in the right lateral ventricle of the brain. The patient underwent surgical resection of the tumor followed by external radiotherapy, and chemotherapy treatment. Histologic description: The tumor was made up of spindle cells with hyperchromic large nuclei and pink cytoplasm intermingled with large cells with markedly pleomorphic nuclei and abundant cytoplasm along with prominent mitotic activity. Tumour cells revealed positive staining for Ki67 (25%), Oligo2 (focal), GFAP (focal), SMA (focal); negative immunoreactivity for EMA, CD34, Bcl-2, TTF1. Pathological diagnosis: Gliosarcoma, grade IV. Conclusions: Gliosarcoma is an extremely rare neoplasm with an aggressive biological behavior. In terms of histopathology, gliosarcomas are characterized by a biphasic tissue pattern with alternating areas displaying glial and mesenchymal differentiation.   Keywords Gliosarcoma, glioblastoma multiforme, brain neoplasm. References [1] World Healh Organization, WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France, 2016. [2] F. A. Hashmi, A. Salim, M. Shamim, M. Bari, Biological Characteristics and Outcomes of Gliosarcoma, The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, Vol. 68, No. 8, 2018, pp. 1273-1275. [3] P. Giglio, M. R. Gilbert, Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences (Second Edition), MA: Academic Press/Elsevier, Waltham, 2014. [4] R. K. Kevin, M. Anand, S. M. John, Adult Gliosarcoma: Epidemiology, Natural History, and Factors Associated with Outcome, Neuro Oncol, Vol. 11, No. 2, 2009, pp. 183-191, https://doi.org/10.1215/15228517-2008-076. [5] L. Han, X. Zhang, S. Qiu et al., Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Primary Cerebral Gliosarcoma: A Report of 15 Cases, Acta Radiologica, Vol. 49, No.9, 2008, pp. 1058-1067, doi:10.1080/02841850802314796. [6] D. N. Louis, H. Ohgaki, O. D. Wiestler et al., The 2007 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System, Acta Neuropathologica, Vol. 114, No. 2, 2007, pp. 97-109, doi:10.1007/s00401-007-0278-6. [7] L. Seth, P. Arie, I. James et al., Greenfield’s Neuropathology (Ninth Edition), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 2015. [8] L. Cervoni, P. Celli, Cerebral Gliosarcoma: Prognostic Factors, Neurosurgical Review, Vol. 19, No. 2, 1996, pp. 93-96, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00418077. [9] J. Pardo, M. Murcia, G. Felip et al., Gliosarcoma: A Rare Primary CNS Tumor. Presentation of Two Cases, Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2010, pp. 98-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2010.05.003. [10] J. Lutterbach, R. Guttenberger, A. Pagenstecher, Gliosarcoma: A Clinical Study, Radiotherapy andOncology, Vol. 61, No. 1, 2001, pp. 57-64,https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8140(01)00415-7. [11] B. K. Kleinschmidt, T. Tihan, F. Rodriguez, Diagnostic Pathology: Neuropathology (Second Edition), Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2016. [12] H. F. Irwin, W. G. Sidney, Sarcoma Arising in Glioblastoma of the Brain, Am J Pathol, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1955, pp. 633-653. [13] A. S. Awadalla, A. M. A. Essa, H. H. A. Ahmadi et al., Gliosarcoma Case Report and Review of the Literature, The Pan African Medical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 26, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3109/02841869709001353.        

EPID-26. ALIGNING THE CBTRUS HISTOLOGY GROUPS WITH 2016 WHO CLASSIFICATION OF TUMORS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi91-vi91
Author(s):  
Carol Kruchko ◽  
Nirav Patil ◽  
Gino Cioffi ◽  
Daniel Brat ◽  
Janet Bruner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract BACKGROUND The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) uses a histology grouping scheme modeled after the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System (CNS) to classify cancer registry records for clinically relevant statistical reporting. Molecular studies have identified genetic features which precisely stratify tumor types, resulting in the 2016 update to the WHO Classification incorporating these markers. To continue providing clinically relevant statistics, the histology groupings have been aligned with the 2016 update. Resulting changes to groupings were assessed. METHODS In collaboration with four consulting neuropathologists the scheme was reviewed and realigned to the 2016 update. Obsolete histology nomenclature and ICD-O-3 codes were identified. Evaluation of the frequency of affected codes in the 2013-2017 data was conducted. RESULTS 417,767 total cases of primary brain and CNS tumors were diagnosed during 2013-2017 in the US. After review of the CBTRUS grouping scheme, 67 codes were noted to be obsolete, 51 codes were re-classified and 12 new codes were incorporated. This reorganization could result in grouping assignment or reporting changes for 2,588 cases (0.6%). The histology groups most significantly affected were mesenchymal tumors and neuronal and mixed neuronal glial tumors. CONCLUSIONS The 2016 revision to WHO Classification has affected collection and reporting of CNS tumors. The CBTRUS data edits program is now undergoing revision, which will become the basis of reporting. Some histology-specific molecular markers require additional data to distinguish between cases. In collaboration with CBTRUS, the NAACCR SSDI Committee developed a new variable for collection of molecular information. This variable was included in Uniform Data Standards beginning on January 1, 2018 and will be available for reporting in 2021. A 2021 update to the WHO Classification is scheduled for release later this year, requiring further classification updates.

scholarly journals Co-Deregulated miRNA Signatures in Childhood Central Nervous System Tumors: In Search for Common Tumor miRNA-Related Mechanics

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3028
Author(s):  
George I. Lambrou ◽  
Apostolos Zaravinos ◽  
Maria Braoudaki
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Cns Tumor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Receiver Operator Curve Analysis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Operator Curve

Despite extensive experimentation on pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), related to both prognosis, diagnosis and treatment, the understanding of pathogenesis and etiology of the disease remains scarce. MicroRNAs are known to be involved in CNS tumor oncogenesis. We hypothesized that CNS tumors possess commonly deregulated miRNAs across different CNS tumor types. Aim: The current study aims to reveal the co-deregulated miRNAs across different types of pediatric CNS tumors. Materials: A total of 439 CNS tumor samples were collected from both in-house microarray experiments as well as data available in public databases. Diagnoses included medulloblastoma, astrocytoma, ependydoma, cortical dysplasia, glioblastoma, ATRT, germinoma, teratoma, yoc sac tumors, ocular tumors and retinoblastoma. Results: We found miRNAs that were globally up- or down-regulated in the majority of the CNS tumor samples. MiR-376B and miR-372 were co-upregulated, whereas miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR-765 among others, were co-downregulated across all CNS tumors. Receiver-operator curve analysis showed that miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR765 could distinguish between CNS tumors and normal brain tissue. Conclusions: Our approach could prove significant in the search for global miRNA targets for tumor diagnosis and therapy. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports concerning the present approach.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Study of Central Nervous System Tumors in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
David Hakizimana ◽  
Agabe Emmy Nkusi ◽  
David Hakizimana ◽  
Eric Shingiro ◽  
Paulin Munyemana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Secondary Neoplasms ◽  
Nervous System Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction: Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are primary or secondary neoplasms located within the craniovertebral cavity. The incidence of CNS tumors is not uniform with variation between different countries, age groups and races. Objective: Our study aim was to generate new knowledge of the epidemiology of central nervous system tumors in Rwanda. Method: This was an observational retrospective study of all patients diagnosed with CNS tumors in Rwanda over a period of 10 years, from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2015. Results: 466 patients enrolled, (52.2% females, 47.8% males). The median age at diagnosis of was 37 years. Brain tumors were 82.7%; spine tumor patients were 16.4%. The average annual age-standardized incidence of CNS tumors was 0.43/100, 0000 person-years and varied with age groups. Tumors of meningothelial cells represented the majority of brain tumors (31.8%). Metastatic tumors were the far most common spine tumors category. 55.8 % of CNS tumors reported in our study were histologically confirmed and of nonmalignant meningiomas were the commonest (33.9%). Conclusion: This is the very first study done on epidemiology of CNS tumors in Rwanda, and generated data about incidence of CNS tumors in Rwanda and their location and histological distribution.

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