scholarly journals Surgical Site Infection, Bacterial Isolates and Their Sensitivity Pattern at Surgical Ward

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sushila Devi Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
First Line ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Surgical Ward ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction: Surgical site infection is a common occurrence in surgical ward. Knowledge about the commonest pathogen and its sensitivity in a particular setting is crucial in selection of appropriate antibiotics. No study has been performed earlier to identify the pattern of infection and antibiotic sensitivity in surgical department. So, this study aimed to analyze the commonest isolates from surgical site infection and their sensitivity pattern. Methods: A total of 56 cases of surgical site infection who were admitted in surgical ward at Shree Birendra Hospital, were included in this study. Wound swab from the infected surgical site was taken and send for culture and sensitivity. The obtained results were analysed using descriptive tools. Results: Among 56 surgical site infections only in 30 cases a pathogen was isolated. The commonest organism isolated was E.Coli 15(50%) followed by Staph. Aureus. The most sensitive antibiotics was Amikacine for E. Coli, and cefixime for S. Aureus. Conclusions: Ciprofloxacin seems to be the most appropriate first line oral antibiotics as it is sensitive both to E. Coli and S Aureus.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/18-20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7903  

scholarly journals Study of Various Organisms Associated with Surgical Site Infection and their Sensitivity Pattern

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Borse ◽  
Rahul Shelke
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Subject Material ◽  
Micro Organisms

<strong>Aim</strong>: The objectives of this study was to study the various micro-organisms causing surgical site infection, to study their antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern. <strong>Setting</strong>: Department of Surgery of a tertiary health care centre with an attached medical college. <strong>Material and methods</strong>: A total of 89 patients with post operative surgical site infection occurring within 30 days of surgery or 1 year of implant were included as subject material after they satisfy inclusion and exclusion criteria. <strong>Results</strong>: <em>E.coli</em> is the commonest organism isolated in SSI wounds. Overall Imipenem and Amikacin are the most sensitive antibiotics. Over all gentamycin, cefotaxime and clindamycin are the most resistant antibiotics noted. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The most common organisms associated with SSI are <em>E. coli</em> and Pseudomonas. Most of the organisms were sensitive to imipenem, amikacin. Sensitivity pattern of the of the organism is changing with time. The common organisms are now no longer sensitive to routinely used cheaper antibiotics. Newer antibiotics, which are more costly, are required to treat the infection which is a burden to the patient.

scholarly journals Surgical site infection leading to gangrene and amputation after ambulatory surgical care of an ingrown toenail: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimé Gilbert Mbonda Noula ◽  
Joel Noutakdie Tochie ◽  
Landry W. Tchuenkam ◽  
Desmond Aji Abang ◽  
René Essomba
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Ingrown Toenail

Abstract Background Currently, the management of ingrown toenail (onychocryptosis) ranges from conservative medical management to surgical treatment. Surgical management is typically performed as an outpatient procedure due to it numerous advantages such as the simplicity of the technique and the low incidence of postoperative complications. The most common postoperative complications are recurrences and surgical site infections, whereas gangrene complicating a surgical site infection has been scarcely reported. We are reporting a rare complication following ambulatory surgery untimely requiring amputation. Case presentation A twelve-year-old boy was referred to our orthopedic surgical department for a surgical site infection complicating an initial surgical management of a left ingrown big toenail leading to a dry gangrene of the affected toe. The gangrene toe was amputated under peripheral nerve block and the patient was discharged home the same day on antibiotics, analgesics and with sessions of rehabilitation and psychological support planned. The postoperative course was uneventful at 6 months of follow-up. Conclusion The authors report this case to draw clinicians’ attention, especially wound care specialists, orthopedists and podiatrists to this rare but potentially debilitating disease.

scholarly journals Abdominal skin incision closure with non-absorbable sutures versus staples- a comparative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235
Author(s):  
Vamseedharan Muthukumar ◽  
Sarveswaran Venugopal ◽  
Sureeskumar Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Skin Incision ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Abdominal Skin ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Absorbable Sutures

Background: Bacterial smartness and innovations have clearly outsmarted and drained the antibiotic discovery pipelines of pharmaceutical brains throughout the globe. Postoperative infection is a major cause of antibiotic use. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of using non-absorbable suture materials and staples for abdominal skin incision closure in terms of the occurrence rate of surgical site infections, the level of comfort experienced by patient and the cosmetic acceptability of scar by the patient.Methods: A randomized control study conducted at the general surgical department of a tertiary hospital in Southern India. The final scores of the study in the categories of surgical site infection, pain and cosmesis were analyzed using Students t-test or Anova test.Results: The use of staples to close skin incision in laparotomy cases reduces surgical site infection, improves the perception of cosmetic appearance of scar to the patient and adds to the comfort of patient by reducing the pain experienced by the patient. The subgroup of population who may comprehensively benefit are patients below 40 years, middle and high socio economic status population, clean and clean contaminated surgeries where incision length is more than 5cm.Conclusions: The results of this study illustrated the fact that the use of staples in closure of skin incision in laparotomy case especially in selected subgroup of population significantly reduces the surgical site infection, hence slashing the use of antibiotics and in turn has the potential to reduce the incidence of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of various pre and postoperative parameters associated with types of surgical site infections in abdominal surgeries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Shabi Ahmad ◽  
Abhinav Agrawal ◽  
Shivam Madeshiya ◽  
Roshni Khan ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Background: Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) contributing to substantial rate of mortality, significant morbidity, considerable prolongation in length of hospitalization and added treatment expenses. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has classified Surgical site infections (SSI) into superficial, deep, or organ/space SSIs. The objective of study was to evaluate pattern of surgical site infection in various abdominal surgeries.Methods: All patients who admitted in surgical OPD/emergency and undergoing abdominal surgical procedures were included in study. Patients were observed in wards and during follow up to assess signs and symptoms of surgical site infection.Results: Result were analysed in terms of etiology, distribution of cases based on case scenario, wound type, clinical features, number of re-explorations done after development of SSI, type of surgery (laparoscopic v/s open), type of organisms cultured, mortality, co-morbid condition, number of extra days in hospital after SSI and average amount spent after SSI.Conclusions: Surgical site infection is associated with high incidence of morbidity in terms of treatment cost and hospital stay. Average hospital stay, expenditure, co-morbidities and mortality were more in organ/space SSI. Superficial SSI is most common in both laparoscopy and open procedures. Deep and organ/space SSI not seen with laparoscopy. Superficial SSI were more common in clean and clean contaminated cases while superficial SSI was more common in contaminated and dirty cases. In superficial and deep SSI staphylococcus aureus was more common whereas in organ/space SSI E. coli and pseudomonas were common bacterial isolates.

scholarly journals Microbiological and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of surgical site infection following caesarean section in a tertiary care center of Chhattisgarh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Thakur ◽  
Avinashi Kujur
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: It is one of the most common surgery practiced in present era in obstetric population it has led to rise in postoperative morbidity in the form of surgical site infection (SSI). It not only burdens the health system but it also puts a serious negative impact on patient’s life. The present study is aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors and the microbiological and antibiotic sensitivity pattern for SSI following caesarean section in our institute.Methods: The study is prospective, descriptive study carried out in department of obstetrics and gynecology of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru medical college, Raipur between May 2019 and April 2020.Results: Out of the 1215 participants who underwent caesarean section, 251 patients had SSI, with incidence of 20.6% among them superficial SSI (n=154) was 61.3% while deep SSI (n=75) 29.8% and 8.7% (n=22) organ/space SSI. Gram positive organism was highest isolated from superficial SSI 66.2% while from deep SSI and organ/space SSI gram positive organism isolated was 45.2% and 54.2% respectively, gram negative organisms were maximum isolated from organ/space SSI 40.9%followed by deep and superficial SSI 36% and 34.4% respectively. Most isolates were highly resistant to cephalosporins, gentamycin and amoxicillin; moderately resistant to fluoroquinolones and highly sensitive to vancomycin, carbapenem and linezolid.Conclusions: Our tertiary centre had post caesarean SSI rate of 20.6% which was high. By analyzing the microbiological and sensitivity pattern we can use evidenced-based sensitive antibiotics to be commenced initially when wound infection is identified in our wards while awaiting the result of wound swab microscopy, culture and sensitivity (48-72 hours), to individualize our antibiotic prophylaxis and postoperative antibiotic protocol policy to reduce the further complications.

scholarly journals SURGICAL SITE INFECTION;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (07) ◽  
pp. 1054-1061
Author(s):  
Anum Tariq ◽  
Huma Ali ◽  
Farya Zafar ◽  
Kamran Hameed ◽  
Ali Akbar Sial ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Among the Health care associated infection (HCAI) Surgical Site Infection(SSI) is one of the most common complications occur after surgery and increases mortalityand morbidity rate. The objective of this study is to identify the common causative organisminvolved in postoperative wound infections along with their sensitivity and resistivity patterns.Study Design: Prospective cross sectional study. Setting: Tertiary Health Care setup inKarachi, Pakistan. Period: Six month from April 2016 till September 2016. Method: A total of100 patients are included in this study that underwent various surgical procedure. Result: Inthis study E. coli isolated from 32% of cases followed next in frequency by S.aureus in 16%,Coagulase negative Staphylococci in 14 %.the other less common pathogen involved Klebsiella,P. aeuroginosa, Enterococcus & Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Streptococcus group D. AmikacinIimipenem and Meropenem is found to be of more Sensitive against E. Coli while Ampicillin andco trimaxazole showed higher resistivity against E. coli or other various organism. Teicoplannand vancomycin and linzolid have shown absolute sensitivity to various pathogens. Penicillinis found to be highly resistant against Coagulase negative Staphylococci. Conclusion: E.coli is the most common pathogens involved in Post-surgical Infection Amikacin, imipenem,Meropenem, Teicoplann, vancomycin. linzolid is found to be more Sensitive against variousorganism isolated in our study. Acinetobacter are highly resistant to various drugs while P.aeuroginosa have also shown optimal sensitivity pattern against various groups of antibiotics.Present study signifies the adaptation of antibiotic combination in rational way for prophylacticuse and the exploitation of a synchronized system of surgical wound management and cure.

scholarly journals Incidence and factors associated with surgical site infections at the Surgical Ward, National Referral Hospital, Bhutan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Sonam Jamtsho ◽  
Tashi Dendup Wangdi ◽  
Phuntsho Wangdi ◽  
Phurba Wangdi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Emergency Case ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Contaminated Wound

Introduction: The burden related to surgical site infection (SSI) and antibiotic sensitivity of the organisms causing SSI is acause of concern. This is the first study to assess SSI at Bhutan’s largest surgical centre. Methods: This was an observational descriptive study conducted involving patients undergoing incisional surgeries at the Department of Surgery, JDWNRH from July – December 2017 using convenient sampling. Data was collected using a pro forma. The health care workers conducted the first two wound examinations and the information on the third examination was done though phone call. Southampton Wound Score (SWS) was used to assess the postoperative wound. The Research Ethics Board of Health, Bhutan, gave ethical approval. Results: The incidence of surgical site infection was 30.7% and the most common organism was Escherichia coli. SSI occurred in Southampton Wound Grade I and IV. Contaminated (46.2%) and dirty (33.3%) wounds had higher incidence of SSI. Patients age >60 years (p= 0.049) and those with contaminated wound (p= 0.005) were significant risk factors for SSI. Hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol intake and obesity, elective or emergency case, and the seniority of surgeon were not risk factors for SSI. Conclusions: The incidence of SSI is high and antibiotic sensitivity patterns a cause of concern. Strict infection control and patient safety measures need to be implemented.

scholarly journals Factors predicting surgical site infection after clean contaminated surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Ranjith Mannarakkal ◽  
Mohammed Suaib ◽  
Abidali Karatparambil ◽  
Abhijith N. Das
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Abdominal Operations ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Background: The infection of a wound is defined as the invasion of organisms through tissues following a breakdown of local and systemic host defences, leading to cellulitis, lymphangitis, abscess and bacteraemia. Southampton criteria and the centers for disease control and prevention criteria for the diagnosis of surgical site infections are used now for severity assessment. There is still controversy existing on the multifactorial causal relationship.Methods: Longitudinal Observational study with nonrandom purposive sampling carried out in the patients in OT, Casuality, ICU and Wards, in our hospital having clean contaminated abdominal operations for one-year period starting from November 2015 determine the factors responsible for surgical site infections following clean contaminated abdominal operations with prophylactic antibiotics(n=150).Results: Diabetes mellitus (odds ratio of 1.9) and emergency procedure (12.6%) were the most important risk factors for development of SSI. E. Coli (45%, n= 9) was the most common organism. Midline incision (n=6/22 = 27.27%) showed highest rate. Other high-risk factors are obesity, malnutrition, anemia, old age and prolonged duration of surgeries.Conclusions: Various host factors like malnutrition, obesity, patients knowledge about hygiene, presence of co-morbidity etc. coupled with environmental factors such as condition of the wounds, delay to initiate operation, duration of operation, prolonged exposure of peritoneal cavity to environment, prophylactic use of antibiotics and factors associated with surgery like type of incision, type of operation and experience of operating surgeon greatly contribute to occurrences of SSI. So, quality of surgical care including immediate assessment of patients, resuscitative measures, adequate preparation of patients and aseptic environment are important for control of SSI. Moreover, in absence of highly advanced surgical amenities, preoperative resuscitative units, modern operation theatre facilities and sophisticated sterilization procedure it is necessary to use prophylactic antibiotics to encounter the various types of micro-organisms responsible for surgical site infection, particularly E. coli.

Surgical Site Infections - A Hospital Havoc: Retrospective Study of Surgical Site Infections in Tertiary Health Care Centre in North East India

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Singh ◽  
A B Khyriem, W V Lyngdoh ◽  
C J Lyngdoh
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
North East

Objectives - Surgical site infections (SSI) has turn out to be a major problem even in hospital with most modern facilities and standard protocols of pre -operative preparation and antibiotic prophylaxis. Objective of this study is to know the prevalence of surgical site infection among the postoperative patients and to identify the relationship between SSI and etiological pathogens along with their antimicrobial susceptibility at North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong. Methods - A retrospective case study conducted at NEIGRIHMS, among patients admitted to the surgical departments during the period between January 1st and December 31st 2016. Swabs from the surgical sites were collected under sterile conditions and standard bacteriological tests were performed for identification and appropriate statistical methods were employed to look for association between SSI and etiological pathogens. Results - Out of the 1284 samples included in the study, 192 samples showed evidence of SSI yielding an infection rate of 14.9%. The most commonly isolated bacteria were: Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumanii and Staphylococcus aureus, of the gram negative isolates 6.2% were multidrug resistant of which 19% were carbapenem resistant. Conclusion - SSI with multiple drug resistance strains and polymicrobial etiology reflects therapeutic failure. The outcome of the SSI surveillance in our hospital revealed that in order to decrease the incidence of SSI we would have to: a) incorporate a proper antibiotic stewardship  b) conduct periodic surveillance to keep a check on SSI d) educate medical staffs regarding the prevention of surgical site infection.

58 Use of Abdominal Wall or Sucutaneous Drain to Reduce the Risk of Surgical Site Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Mistry ◽  
B Woolner ◽  
A John
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Open Cholecystectomy ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Local Evidence ◽  
Audit Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Introduction Open abdominal surgery confers potentially greater risk of surgical site infections, and local evidence suggests use of drains can reduce this. Our objectives were: Assessing local rates and risk factors of infections and if use of drains can reduce the rates of infections. Method Retrospectively looking from 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2018, at patients following laparotomy or open cholecystectomy. Data collection on demographics, smoking/alcohol status, heart, respiratory or renal disease or diabetes, steroid use and CEPOD status, as well as use of drain and the outcome of infection using inpatient and online patient records. Results 84 patients included, 25 had drains inserted. There were 13 documented cases of surgical site infection, all of whom had no drain post-op. Other parameters shown to be most prevalent in the patients with a surgical site infection include being current/ex-smoker (8/13), having heart disease (9/13), and elective procedures. Conclusions Aiming to reduce the risk of surgical site infections can improve morbidity and potentially mortality outcomes. Our audit data showed that there appears to be a benefit of inserting intra-abdominal or subcutaneous drains. We will create a standard operating procedure of all patient to receive drains post-op and then re-audit to assess the impact this has on infection rates.

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