scholarly journals Awareness about Tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: A cross Sectional Institutional Study.

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Bikal Shrestha ◽  
Kapil Pandya ◽  
Barun Patel ◽  
Rubina Shrestha Shrestha ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Common Opportunistic Infection

Introduction: Worldwide, Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV seropositive individuals and it remains the most common cause of death in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is estimated that 50 to 60% of HIV infected people will develop TB in their lifetime. Keeping this in background this study was planned to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on TB in HIV positive patients. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in HIV positive individuals attending an ART centre. 100 attendees were selected by systematic random sampling method and interviewed with a pretested, structured questionnaire. Results: In the study 37.2% of respondents were not aware about air/droplet as a route of transmission of TB. Only 10% knew that infective organisms as a common opportunist infection in people with HIV & AIDS. 78.2% of the study population felt that the community will treat them differently if they suffer from TB and total of 57.7% confirmed an attitude of hiding the disease in them. Conclusion: The overall knowledge about TB in HIV positive individuals is low. Efforts must be made to counsel the patients about TB right in the first counselling session that the patient attends in ART centres so as to prevent spread of TB in the community.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v13i1.12993 

scholarly journals Awareness about Tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: A cross Sectional Institutional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikal Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Common Opportunistic Infection

<p><strong>Introduction </strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p>Worldwide, Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV seropositive individuals and it remains the most common cause of death in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is estimated that 50 to 60% of HIV infected people will develop TB in their lifetime. Keeping this in background this study was planned to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on TB in HIV positive patients.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>A cross sectional study was carried out in HIV positive individuals attending an ART centre. 100 attendees were selected by systematic random sampling method and interviewed with a pretested, structured questionnaire.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>In the study 37.2% of respondents were not aware about air/droplet as a route of transmission of TB. Only 10% knew that infective organisms as a common opportunist infection in people with HIV &amp; AIDS. 78.2% of the study population felt that the community will treat them differently if they suffer from TB and total of 57.7% confirmed an attitude of hiding the disease in them.</p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p><strong>Conclusion </strong></p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong>The overall knowledge about TB in HIV positive individuals is low. Efforts must be made to counsel the patients about TB right in the first counselling session that the patient attends in ART centres so as to prevent spread of TB in the community.<strong></strong></p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Elderly PLHIV Attending a Tertiary Care Center in South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Madi ◽  
Neha Ramakrishnan ◽  
Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan ◽  
John Ramapuram ◽  
Basavaprabhu Achappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Route Of Transmission

Background: Physicians are coming across a considerable number of HIV-positive patients belonging to older age-group, in practice. They pose a challenge as they might present with advanced forms and comorbid conditions. We aimed to describe the clinicoepidemiological profile of elderly people living with HIV. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. We analyzed the record of 120 patients from 2009 to 2014. Descriptive statistics were used to describe sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients. Results: Of 786 HIV-positive patients, 120 were elderly. Mean age was 55.9 ± 6.1 years. Majority 68% were male. In all, 63.33% were male. Commonest route of transmission was heterosexual intercourse, most presented at World Health Organization (WHO) stage 1 (64.17%). In all, 77.5% had hypertension and 26.6% had tuberculosis. The median CD4 count at presentation was 245 cells/mm3 (145-426 cells/mm3). Forty-two percent were late presenters (CD4 <200 cells/mm3). Conclusion: Treating physician should have a high index of suspicion in diagnosing HIV among elderly age-group.

scholarly journals To assess the adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV positive patients attending ART centres in Haryana and its effect on their quality of life

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
Arundeep Singh ◽  
Anshu Mittal ◽  
Vishavdeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Art Therapy ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is now considered as a manageable chronic illness with the availability of ART. A high level of adherence (>95%) is required for antiretroviral therapy to be effective. It is a syndrome that builds a vacuum in a person affecting his/her quality of life (QOL) as a whole. Aim& Objective: The aim of our study was to determine adherence and its effect on their quality of life among HIV/AIDS patients attending FIART (Facility Integrated Anti-retroviral therapy) clinic. Materials and Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design,  257 HIV positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Facility integrated anti-retroviral therapy centre Ambala Haryana. QOL of patients taking ART was assessed using WHO-QOL-BREF questionnaire.  Results: Of 257 participants, 88.3% were found to be adherent, adherent to ART therapy and ambulatory had better QOL (p < 0.05) than their counterparts from other socio-clinical strata. Mean scores of physical (70.89±7.384), psychological (47.37±9.174), social (51.97±11.119) & environmental domains (52.33±9.081), were having highest in patients those who were adherent (adherence rate >95%) to ART therapy. Conclusion: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Haryana India is suboptimal. Intensive adherence counselling should be provided to all patients before initiation of antiretroviral therapy and on every visit to FIART centre.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and perception regarding HIV/AIDS among postgraduate students of university of Pune

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipendra Singh Thakuri ◽  
Chandra Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS is still a public health challenge because there is still no cure drug available. Thus, the study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitude and perceptions regarding HIV/AIDS among postgraduate students of University of Pune.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among the students of the University of Pune, Maharashtra, India from July to December 2013. A total of 432 respondents were enrolled in the study. The respondents were selected using simple random sampling and descriptive analysis was done to assess the KAPs.Results: The result shows that all the students had heard about HIV/AIDS. The common source of information was mass media 70.8%. About 79% students had known the cause of HIV/AIDS and 83.4% said correct full form of HIV. However, there were many misconceptions about the routes of transmission. 37% of the students believed that HIV may be transmitted through mosquito’s bite and 16.9% reported that sharing meal with infected people can transmit HIV. A relatively positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients was found among students. Nevertheless, about 21% of students avoid care of HIV positive person, 25% rejected to buying food from HIV positive shopkeeper and 21% refused to continue working if worker is HIV positive. Regarding perception, the majority of students had positive perception.Conclusions: All students were aware of HIV/AIDS. Majority of them were aware about route of transmission and prevention. However, the respondents comprising post graduate students, yet there were many misconceptions about route of transmission and significant knowledge, attitude and perception gaps.

scholarly journals Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy among People Living with HIV and AIDS in Far West, Nepal

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Bam ◽  
Deepak Kumar Karki ◽  
Shyam Prasad Lohani ◽  
Rajshree Thapa ◽  
Umesh Raj Aryal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aids Clinical Trials ◽  
Living With Hiv

Objective: Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy is a principal predictor for the success of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) treatment. It remains as a challenge to AIDS treatment and care with the wide spread of the associated risks. The study aims to assess adherence level and factors associated with adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) among people living with HIV and AIDS in Far West, Nepal. Material & Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Far West between May 2009 to September 2009. A total of 176 samples allowed with 95% CI and 5% error proportionately from four ART sites were drawn. Random sampling technique was used to recruit patients. Semi-structured questionnaire schedule adapted from the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) was used and pre-tested to collect data on drug adherence. We compared non-adherent patients with adherent patients and associations with key risk factors were determined.Results: An overall self reported adherence for a month was 84%. Those who were more than 95% adherent responded that use of watch, electronic devices such as mobiles, watch and calendar facilitated them to take the drugs regularly. Improved adherence was significantly determined by time to reach the health faility at terai (OR: 2.86, 1.10-7.47), disclosing of the HIV status (OR: 3.25; 1.02-10.19), the perceived positive benefits of ART (OR: 21.07; 6.79-68.04) and excellent satisfaction with the provider (OR: 13.11; 4.75-36.19). Travel cost more than 2$ (OR: 9.84; 3.44-28.73) was significant barrier to adherence. Conclusion: Timely detection of non-adherence behaviours and understanding of patients' difficulties with ART could potentially help patients for adherence and therefore improve the treatment outcomes in rural hilly Nepal. Government’s initiatives towards moral support for encouraging to join support group including discussions of side-effects, and everyday problems in sticking to a regimen and financial support to PHLA should be promoted to optimize the adherence rate.Key Words: Adherence; ART; PLHA; Far West NepalDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v2i1.4290Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 7-13

High viremia and Poor Immunity are Potential Surrogates of Anti-toxoplasmic Immunoglobulin G Quantification among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Cross-sectional Study in Yaoundé, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Christelle Ka'e ◽  
Samuel Martin Sosso ◽  
Joseph Fokam ◽  
Rachel Kamgaing Simo ◽  
Sara Riwom Essama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Centre ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Common Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background: Toxoplasmosis remains a neglected common opportunistic infection in immunocompromised individuals, who are mainly people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in whom reactivation of toxoplasmosis may occur with advanced HIV conditions in resource-limited settings (RLS). Our objective was to evaluate the correlation between the anti-toxoplasmic IgG (Tg-IgG) concentration and the immuno-virological status of PLWHIV.Methods : A prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV aged>18 years from February to November 2018 at the Chantal BIYA international Reference Centre. Blood samples were collected from eligible consenting PLWHIV; Tg-IgG level was assessed by quantitative ELISA, CD4-T lymphocytes counts were measured by flow cytometry and HIV-1 plasma viral load (PVL) measurement by real-time-PCR. Data were analysed using Excel and Graph Pad softwares; with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.Results : A total of 100 PLWHIV were enrolled: 56% seropositive for IgG anti- Toxoplasma gondii, 33% seronegative and 11% indeterminate results. According to viremia, 100% (19/19) of those with PVL>1000 copies/mL were seropositive to Tg-IgG versus 52.85% (37/70) of those with PVL<1000 copies/mL (median [IQR] IgG concentration 152.78 [139.24-444.43] versus 34.44 [13.04-36.47] IU/mL, respectively); p<0.0001. According to CD4, 100% (11/11) of those with T-CD4<200 cells/µL were seropositive to Tg-IgG versus 57.69% (45/78) of those with T-CD4>200 cells/µL (median IgG [IQR] 432.92 [145.06-450.47] versus 35.01 [15.01-38.01] IU/mL, respectively); p<0.0001. Interestingly, there were moderate-positive and strong-negative correlations respectively with HIV-1 PVL (r = 0.54; p<0.0001) and T-CD4 (r = -0.70; p<0.0001) as compared to Tg-IgG concentration. After adjusting for age, gender, immune status and PVL in logistic regression, only poor immune status (T-CD4<200 cells/µL) was independently associated to Tg-IgG seropositivity (p=0.0004).Conclusion : In a typical RLS like Cameroon, about half of PLWHIV might be seropositive to Tg-IgG. Of relevance, decreasing immunity appears with risk of increasing IgG anti- T gondii concentration, which suggests a relapse of toxoplasmosis. Thus, in the context of immunodeficiency, routine quantification of Tg-IgG would alleviate the programmatic burden of this opportunistic infection in RLS with generalized HIV epidemics.

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