Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Elderly PLHIV Attending a Tertiary Care Center in South India

Background: Physicians are coming across a considerable number of HIV-positive patients belonging to older age-group, in practice. They pose a challenge as they might present with advanced forms and comorbid conditions. We aimed to describe the clinicoepidemiological profile of elderly people living with HIV. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. We analyzed the record of 120 patients from 2009 to 2014. Descriptive statistics were used to describe sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients. Results: Of 786 HIV-positive patients, 120 were elderly. Mean age was 55.9 ± 6.1 years. Majority 68% were male. In all, 63.33% were male. Commonest route of transmission was heterosexual intercourse, most presented at World Health Organization (WHO) stage 1 (64.17%). In all, 77.5% had hypertension and 26.6% had tuberculosis. The median CD4 count at presentation was 245 cells/mm3 (145-426 cells/mm3). Forty-two percent were late presenters (CD4 <200 cells/mm3). Conclusion: Treating physician should have a high index of suspicion in diagnosing HIV among elderly age-group.

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Lifestyle of school going adolescents in Mumbai, India: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20184297 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2284

Author(s):

Shalaka P. Patil ◽

Balaji Almale

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Specific Response ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cognitive Changes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: Adolescents, as defined by World Health organization, constitute individuals in between the age group of 10 to 19 years. Children, youth and young people are the other groups which have ages which overlap with the adolescent age group. The hormonal changes at this age are responsible not only for physiological growth but also emotional and cognitive changes. Lifestyle in this age group may have lasting and, in many cases, lifelong implications. We conducted this cross-sectional study to holistically analyse lifestyle of school adolescents in Mumbai.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the in a tertiary care medical college. The students belonging to an English medium co-education school of a metropolitan city were included in this study on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A culturally acceptable questionnaire was structured in simple language and used in this study. Demographic data was asked. All questions were closed ended and requiring specific response the questionnaire was subjected to critical evaluation by experts from the field of Public Health Pediatrics, high school teachers, heads of schools, experts from Social justice and law input from the experts were incorporated in the questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SSPE 22.0 Software.Results: A total of 538 adolescents were studied in this cross-sectional study. There were 270 boys (50.18%) and 268 (49.82%) girls with a M:F ratio of 1:0.95. Mean age of the studied cases was found to be 12.4±1.44 years. Majority of the adolescents were found to be residing in buildings (66.36%) and average family size was found to be 5.63±3.34 members Majority of the boys and girls (66.92%) were not having any knowledge about HIV/AIDS.7.06% adolescents were found to have suicidal or homicidal thoughts. 93.31% adolescents liked to come to school and 83.83% claimed to be obedient.Conclusions: This cross-sectional study highlights the fact that adolescents have a significant amount of psychosocial problems. Important amongst these included inclination towards substance abuse, suicidal or homicidal thoughts and ignorance about HIV/AIDS. Strategies to tackle these issue needs to be devised so as to tackle these problems faced by adolescents.

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PATTERN OF CANCER CASES REGISTERED IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN KATHUA DISTRICT OF J&K: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/0400712 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Deepak Abrol ◽

Anuj Kapoor ◽

Pawan Kumar

Keyword(s):

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Area Distribution ◽

The Government

Introduction:Cancer is an important public health problem in India, with 10 lakh new cases occurring every year in the year. Cancer pattern varies in different regions and depends on genetic, environmental, dietary, social and other factors. Aim and objectives: This study was undertaken to determine magnitude and pattern of cancer cases reporting in the hospital. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective study undertaken in the Government Medical College Kathua. GMC, Kathua is one among st the ve new medical colleges established in Jammu & Kashmir. The records of cancer patients generated from 1st November 2018 to 1 November 2019 were analyzed. All the cancer cases who reported either for diagnosis in any of the hospital OPD or for the treatment (radiotherapy/ chemotherapy/ surgery) were included. Data was entered in the MS Excel for analysis Results: Out of total 272 patients registered, females accounted for 56.6% and males for 43.3%. Hindu patients were in majority (84.2%). Most of the cases (37.1%) were in the age group 60-80. Pattern of cancer was different in the two sexes. In males, maximum cases were of lung cancer and in females, Ca breast was the most common followed by the cervical cancer Conclusion: This hospital-based study indicates the cancer prole in Kathua district. Females were found to be more affected than that of males with majority of the cases in the late 40s age group. Rural area and urban area distribution was found to be almost similar.

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Hypocalcemia in Elderly Population in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.5324 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (231) ◽

Author(s):

Sangita Thapa ◽

Rabindra Jang Rayamajhi

Keyword(s):

Serum Calcium ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: As the medical facilities are improving, the life expectancy is increasing which has led to rapid rise in elderly population. The epidemiology of many diseases in elderly has been modified, including calcium imbalance. This study aims to know the prevalence of hypocalcemia in elderly population visiting a tertiary care center of Kathmandu. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center of Kathmandu from March to July 2020 after obtaining ethical clearance (Ref: 2003202007). Total 402 participants at or above 60 years of age groups visiting outpatient departments were included in the study by convenience sampling method excluding those under vitamin D and calcium supplements. Serum total calcium level was measured using standard routine method and corrected with albumin. The serum calcium value less than 8 mg/dl was considered as hypocalcemia in accordance with the reference range of our laboratory. Data analysis for calculation of frequency and proportion was done in Statistical Package of Social Sciences. Results: The prevalence of hypocalcaemia in elderly was found to be 97 (24.1%). Out of 286 participants of age group 60-74 years, hypocalcemia was seen in 75 (26.2%) and among 116 participants of age group >74 years, 22 (19%) were hypocalcemic. Among 181 male participants, 44 (24.3%) had hypocalcemia and out of 221 female participants, 53 (24%) had hypocalcemia. Conclusions: The finding of present study suggests that hypocalcemia is common among elderly which can be life threatening. Therefore, regular monitoring of serum calcium is recommended for this age group.

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A study on the immunisation status and the factors responsible for incomplete immunization amongst children of age group 0-12 months coming to a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS)

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183969 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4331

Author(s):

Shivani Sinha ◽

Sanjay Kumar ◽

Sanjay Kumar Chaudhary ◽

Setu Sinha ◽

Varsha Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Childhood Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Organization

Background: Vaccines are safe, simple and one of the most cost-effective way to save and improve the lives of children. The World Health Organization launched the Global Programme of Immunization in 1974 and Government of India launched the same in India on 1st January, 1978, with a view to provide protection to the children against disease and to reduce infant mortality rate.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS) of Patna district. The study unit were children of age group 0 to 12 months attending the immunisation clinic of IGIMS Patna. The study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017, for a period of 12 months.Results: About 40% of children were fully immunized, about 73.3% were having immunization card.Conclusions: Immunizations is one of the biggest public health achievements of the last century, saving millions of lives and preventing illness and lifelong disability in millions more. Many childhood diseases which is now preventable by vaccines often resulted in hospitalization, death or lifelong consequences only a few decades ago. Without immunizations, serious outbreaks of many of the diseases we are now protected from can reoccur. There is a need to create awareness regarding the importance of vaccination, as well as the consequences of partial immunization, parents views must also be taken into consideration when the programme is planned, especially those with a lower educational level.

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Awareness about Tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: A cross Sectional Institutional Study.

Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital ◽

10.3126/mjsbh.v13i1.12993 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

Bikal Shrestha ◽

Kapil Pandya ◽

Barun Patel ◽

Rubina Shrestha Shrestha ◽

Raj Kumar

Keyword(s):

Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Infected People ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Route Of Transmission ◽

Common Opportunistic Infection

Introduction: Worldwide, Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV seropositive individuals and it remains the most common cause of death in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is estimated that 50 to 60% of HIV infected people will develop TB in their lifetime. Keeping this in background this study was planned to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on TB in HIV positive patients. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in HIV positive individuals attending an ART centre. 100 attendees were selected by systematic random sampling method and interviewed with a pretested, structured questionnaire. Results: In the study 37.2% of respondents were not aware about air/droplet as a route of transmission of TB. Only 10% knew that infective organisms as a common opportunist infection in people with HIV & AIDS. 78.2% of the study population felt that the community will treat them differently if they suffer from TB and total of 57.7% confirmed an attitude of hiding the disease in them. Conclusion: The overall knowledge about TB in HIV positive individuals is low. Efforts must be made to counsel the patients about TB right in the first counselling session that the patient attends in ART centres so as to prevent spread of TB in the community.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v13i1.12993

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A Cross-Sectional Study of Clinical and Immunological Profile of SLE Patients from a Tertiary Care Center in the Sub Himalayan Region of Northern India

Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research ◽

10.52403/gijhsr.20210709 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 57-61

Author(s):

Varun Jaswal ◽

Jitender K Mokta ◽

Vivek Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northern India ◽

Immunological Profile ◽

Reproductive Age Group

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a disease of thousand faces whose manifestations vary with the interplay of genetic, ethnic, and host factors along with environmental exposures and geographical conditions. Since the first case of SLE reported in India in 1955, many case series have been published from various centers depicting Clinical and Immunological features in the Indian population. This study was undertaken to study the clinical and immunological profile in a tertiary care center in the sub-Himalayan region of northern India. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care center in the hilly northern state of Himachal Pradesh over a period of 1 year; from 1st June 2017 to 31st May 2018. The records of all patients admitted in the study period with the department of medicine and diagnosed with SLICC 2012 classification criteria were studied to abstract the Clinical and Immunological profile of patients. Results: A total of sixty-nine patients were included in the study. 96% of the subjects were female patients, and 84 % of the patients were in the reproductive age group of 20 – 40 years. Mucocutaneous manifestations were most commonly seen in nearly 89 % of patients followed by musculoskeletal involvement in about 71 %. Hematological involvement was more frequent than reported in the literature. Lupus Nephritis was diagnosed in about 30 % of the patients. Fatigue and synovitis were the most common features, followed by oral ulcers and Acute cutaneous lupus. ANA and ds DNA positivity was 98.5 and 72.4 % respectively. Six cases of MCTD were d=found in the study group. Conclusion: In hospitalized SLE patients admitted in a tertiary care center of the northern hilly state, females of reproductive age group constituted the majority of patients. Mucocutaneous, Musculoskeletal, hematological, and renal involvement was most prevalent. Keywords: SLE, cross-sectional study, Mucocutaneous involvement, Renal Biopsy, Hilly area.

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Clinico-etiological study of genital lesions at a tertiary care center in Pune, India

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20210578 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 255

Author(s):

Prachiti S. Tekam ◽

Vasudha A. Belgaumkar ◽

Ravindranath B. Chavan ◽

Nitika S. Deshmukh ◽

Neelam Bhatt

Keyword(s):

Clinical Examination ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Laboratory Evaluation ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Etiological Diagnosis ◽

Sexually Transmitted

Background: Disorders affecting the genitalia are a global health problem of significant magnitude. They comprise conditions which may or may not be sexually transmitted. Often it becomes impossible to make a reliable etiological diagnosis on clinical grounds alone. There is a paucity of data about the burden and pattern of genital disorders in our setting. This study was undertaken to identify the prevalent trends and clinic-etiological profile of genital lesions.Methods: 100 consecutive cases presenting with genital disorders to dermatology OPD of Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, India from June 2019 to March 2020, were enrolled in this observational, cross sectional study. Patients were subjected to thorough history, clinical examination and requisite microbiological and serological investigations. Etiological diagnosis was reached after correlation of history, clinical findings and investigations.Results: 100 patients comprised 70 males and 30 females. Age group ranged from 2 months to 75 years (mean 37.8 years). Majority of patients belonged to 21-30 years age group. Total 78% patients had (STI) while 22% had non-STI. 13% were HIV sero-positive. 12% patients were diabetic. In 54% cases, microbiological findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis.Conclusions: This study emphasizes that sexually transmitted infections continue to be a prominent cause of genital lesions, particularly in young sexually active individuals. However, various non-venereal dermatological disorders may manifest on the genitalia at any age, leading to diagnostic difficulty. A meticulous clinical examination supported by appropriate laboratory evaluation is the key to distinguish venereal and non-venereal dermatoses.

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Perception and satisfaction regarding breast feeding among breast feeding mothers: a hospital based study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205774 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Vimarshitha Prakash ◽

Sheela S. R. ◽

Krithika Raj ◽

Pradeep Tarikere Satyanarayana

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Delivery ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Breast Fed

Background: World Health organization (WHO) states that to ensure child health and survival, Breast feeding can be best tool. It also mentions that nearly 2 out of 3 are not exclusively breast fed and a special note that only 41 % are exclusively breast fed for 6 months. Breastfeeding satisfaction is defined as, “the satisfying feeling obtained during breastfeeding resulting from cooperation between the mother and the infant to fulfill desires or needs”.Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study carried at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Kolar from December 2019 to August 2020 for a period of 10 months. Sample size was calculated based on previous study.Results: The present study was a cross sectional study carried out for a period of 9 months at SDUMC tertiary care center. 270 mothers were part of study among which 82 (30.3%) had completed high school, 110 (40.7%) belonged to 21-25 years, 184 (68.07%) were Hindus, 125 (46.2%) belonged to Upper middle class of Modified BG Prasad’s classification 2019, 199 (73.6%) had delivered through normal delivery and 142 (52.7%) had more than one child. Out of 270 breast feeding mothers, 214 (79.3%) has satisfactory knowledge, 148 (54.8%) had satisfactory attitude and only 47 (17.4%) had satisfactory practice. Mothers having higher education status, having more than one child, home makers and those delivered by Normal delivery had higher scores were statistically significant.Conclusions: Perceptions regarding breast feedings were not satisfactory at various segments and breast feeding satisfaction were influenced by education, working status, number of children and family members were significant factors influencing breast feeding satisfaction.

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Awareness about Tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: A cross Sectional Institutional Study

Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital ◽

10.3126/mjsbh.v13i1.9228 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bikal Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Infected People ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Route Of Transmission ◽

Common Opportunistic Infection

Introduction   Worldwide, Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection affecting HIV seropositive individuals and it remains the most common cause of death in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is estimated that 50 to 60% of HIV infected people will develop TB in their lifetime. Keeping this in background this study was planned to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on TB in HIV positive patients. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out in HIV positive individuals attending an ART centre. 100 attendees were selected by systematic random sampling method and interviewed with a pretested, structured questionnaire. Results In the study 37.2% of respondents were not aware about air/droplet as a route of transmission of TB. Only 10% knew that infective organisms as a common opportunist infection in people with HIV & AIDS. 78.2% of the study population felt that the community will treat them differently if they suffer from TB and total of 57.7% confirmed an attitude of hiding the disease in them.     Conclusion  The overall knowledge about TB in HIV positive individuals is low. Efforts must be made to counsel the patients about TB right in the first counselling session that the patient attends in ART centres so as to prevent spread of TB in the community.

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ADVERSE DRUG REACTION PROFILE OF DRUGS PRESCRIBED IN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE - 19 PATIENTS – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i10.42522 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 33-36

Author(s):

RIDHDHI K HIRAPARA ◽

BHARTI N KARELIA ◽

ANIL P SINGH ◽

ARTI TRIVEDI

Keyword(s):

Adverse Drug Reaction ◽

Drug Reaction ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Case Record ◽

Health Organization

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess adverse drug reaction (ADR) profile of the drugs prescribed to treat Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) positive patients and to determine whether ADRs are associated with any comorbidities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done with Laboratory confirmed COVID-19 positive patients who experienced ADRs during their admission period at tertiary care center, Rajkot from April 2020 to March 2021. All the necessary information including ADRs information was obtained from patient’s case record file and filled in suspected ADR reporting form. Suspected ADRs were assessed for demographic parameters and causality, preventability, and severity using World Health Organization (WHO) scale and Naranjo algorithm, modified Schumock and Thornton’s criteria, and modified Hartwig’s criteria, respectively. Results: Out of the 100 patients there were 60 males. The mean age of the patients was 52.65±13.95 year. Fourty-six patients had comorbidities. The most common type of ADR was GI disorders. Among the single suspected medication, most common drug was methylprednisolone and among the two drugs, azithromycin was common. According to the WHO and Naranjo scale, Probable ADRs were 70% and 36%, respectively. The percentage for mild, moderate and severe ADRs were 44%, 39%, 17%, respectively. Eighty-six percent ADRs were definitely preventable. Fifty-one patients were recovered from adverse reactions. Conclusions: Seriousness of reactions is mainly associated with co-morbid conditions. This indicates that patients with comorbidity should be closely monitored to avoid harmful consequences. These ADRs monitoring and reporting program will help physicians to choose their therapy sensibly and decrease chances of mortality in this pandemic era.

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