scholarly journals Microbiological and Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile of Postoperative Endophthalmitis in a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital of North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Richa Ranjan ◽  
Manisha Agarwal ◽  
Shalini Singh ◽  
Rahul Mayor ◽  
Lagan Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Postoperative Endophthalmitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
One Year

Introduction:  We describe the microbiological profile of postoperative endophthalmitis from northern India and analyse the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity which may have changed due to development of resistance secondary to overuse of antimicrobial drugs. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of postoperative endophthalmitis from January 2011 to December 2017 in a tertiary eye hospital of northern India. Any patient developing endophthalmitis within one year of any intraocular procedure was included in the study. According to severity, treatment with a trial of intravitreal antibiotic injections or core vitrectomy was decided. Ocular samples were collected which were either anterior chamber tap or vitreous biopsy and sent for microbiological examination. The samples were stained with Gram’s and KOH stain and cultured on chocolate agar, blood agar, brain heart infusion broth and Sabouraud dextrose agar.Results: A total of 545 patients of postoperative endophthalmitis were analysed which showed a male predilection (60.5%) with maximum patients between the age group 50-69 years. 292 patients (53.5%) were culture negative and 253 patients (46.4%) were culture positive.  Most common organism identified was Staphylococcus in 73 patients followed by Pseudomonas in 48 patients. Staphylococcus species was most sensitive to vancomycin (97%) followed by amikacin (91%) followed by gentamicin and moxifloxacin (88% each). Pseudomonas was the second most common isolate which showed maximum sensitivity to imipenem (82%) followed by ciprofloxacin(60%). Polymicrobial infection was noted in 23 patients. The most common fungal isolate was aspergillus in 11 patients, followed by fusarium in 10 patients. Conclusion: Our study shows that gram positive bacteria are the most common organisms in postoperative endophthalmitis and are most sensitive to vancomycin, followed by gram negative bacteria which show increased sensitivity with imipenem than commonly used antibiotic - ceftazidime.

scholarly journals Achromobacter: an emerging nosocomial pathogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3090
Author(s):  
Kxitiza Pandey ◽  
Sulekha Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Aerobic Culture ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
One Year

Background: Achromobacter is a ubiquitous, non-fermenting, Gram-negative bacterium that lives in soil and aquatic environments. In recent years, many studies have shown its potential as opportunistic pathogen. It can colonize various items used in hospital and can survive various disinfectants. The infections get complicated due to its vast spectrum of intrinsic and extrinsic resistance to antimicrobial agents and disinfectants. Achromobacter spp. is an emerging pathogen and is becoming a reservoir for horizontal genetic transfer elements involved in spreading antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to assess the extent of the Achromobacter related infection in our hospital setting and to set a baseline for future studies.Methods: This study was conducted over a period of one year (January to December 2018) in our tertiary care hospital. All specimens submitted for aerobic culture and sensitivity were analyzed and the bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates was carried out using automated method (Vitek 2 Compact, bioMerieux).Results: Achromobacter species was reported from 0.46% (63/13831) specimens, 40% of them were isolated from suction tips. Achromobacter denitrificans amounted for 47/63 (74.6%) while Achromobacter xylosoxidans was identified in 16/63 (25.4%).Conclusions: Studying the organisms in order to observe their changing trends

scholarly journals Antibiotic Sensitivity against Proteus Mirabilis Isolated from Pus Samples in Tertiary Care Hospital of Quetta, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Saif ur Rahman ◽  
Zafar Ahmad ◽  
Saad Ullah Jan ◽  
Muhammad Shafee ◽  
Ashiq Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Biochemical Tests

  Abstract   Proteus is an important microorganism that have been isolated from wound infections causing severe complications. This study was aimed to isolate and determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile against isolates. A total of 50 wound and pus samples were collected from patients admitted in BMC Hospital, Quetta and processed in Pathobiology Laboratory of Center for Advance Studies of Vaccinology and Biotechnology (CASVAB) University of Baluchistan. All the samples were inoculated onto Brain Heart infusion (BHI), MacConkey agar, Cysteine-Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficien (CLED) and Blood agar and incubated at 37 oC, overnight. The suspected colonies were identified by gram stain and different biochemical tests and also confirmed by local made Quick Test Strip 12 (QTS 12). Among the total 50 samples 8 were found positive for Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis against different antibiotic was evaluated by Kirby-Baur Method. Four different antibiotics were tested and ampicillin was found highly susceptible (75%), followed by Gentamicin (50%), Ceftazidime (40%) and ciprofloxacin (40%). This study shows the incidence of Proteus mirabilis in wound infection and best possible antimicrobial therapies against its infection.    

SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS AFTER OPERATIVE DELIVERY AT THE TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN RAJASTHAN, THEIR MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE, ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY AND CLINICAL RISK FACTORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Ruby Naz ◽  
Krishna Meena
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Prolonged Labour ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Study Population ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSI) are common problem in developing country like India. There are so many factors are responsible for SSI like low immunity, prolonged labour, production of hematoma presence of gestational diabetes Anaemia, multiparaty, heavy blood loss during delivery. Methods: It is a case-control study undertaken for a period of one year in a tertiary care hospital of Rajasthan state, India. The study population included patients suffering from SSIs in the various unit of obstetrics ward of our hospital. Result: in our study we found a lot of factor affecting prevalence of SSIs like anaemia, premature rupture of membrane, prolonged labour, multiparity and obesity. Common organism are Escherichia coli, staphylococcus and pseudomonas. Most of the organism are susceptible with carbapenems vancomycin and amikacin. Conclusion: Even though the total number of Cesarean delivery has increasing consistently, wound infection should be has remained less constant. This may be achieved by high compliance among the infection control practices by health care workers in the hospital

scholarly journals Frequency of Isolation of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus from Blood Cultures and its Antibiogram

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Nadia Aslam ◽  
Nazma Kiran ◽  
Naima Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
One Year

Background: Coagulase-negative Staphylococci are members of stable skin inhabitants. They are frequent contaminants in blood cultures and can lead to unnecessary exposure of patients to antimicrobial drugs and excess hospital costs. This study aims to estimate the frequency of Coagulase-negative Staphylococci in blood cultures and their antibiograms. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary care hospital over one year from April 2018 to March 2019. Blood cultures received in the laboratory were processed to isolate Coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Susceptibility to various antimicrobial drugs was detected by disc diffusion method and E-strips. Results: A total of 13802 blood cultures were processed in one year. 1750 blood cultures yielded bacterial growth and 374 blood cultures were positive for Staphylococci. Out of these 374 blood cultures, 97 were categorized as Staphylococcus aureus and 277 were Coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Out of 13802 total blood cultures performed during study period, 277 blood cultures positive with Coagulase negative Staphylococcus means contamination rate of 2% out of total blood cultures. 277 Coagulase negative Staphylococcus positive cultures out of 1750 positive blood cultures means contamination rate of 15.8% out of positive blood cultures. Among Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, 68.2% isolates were resistant to Cefoxitin, 95.3% to Penicillin, 85.1% to Erythromycin, 37.5% to Ciprofloxacin, 59.6% to Gentamicin, 68.6% to Fusidic acid, 3.6% to Teichoplanin, and 1.4% to Linezolid. All isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin. Conclusion: The rate of blood culture contamination was 2% out of total blood cultures and 15.8% out of positive blood cultures.

scholarly journals Analysis of factors responsible for intrauterine fetal death in rural pregnant women at tertiary care centre of Northern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaveta Garg ◽  
Naina Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Death ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Tragic Event ◽  
Abruptio Placenta ◽  
One Year

Background: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a tragic event for both the parents and obstetrician. Objectives of current study were to study the underlying etiology of Intra Uterine Fetal Death (IUFD) that can be helpful in formulating the preventive measures.Methods: This study was conducted over a period of one year from April 2016 till March 2017 at a tertiary rural care hospital. All patients with diagnosed IUFD at >24 weeks of gestation were included in the study.Results: Total eighty patients were admitted with diagnosis of intrauterine fetal death. Among these majority 58 (72.5%) were multigravida and only 22 (27.5%) were primigravida. Maximum number of patients, 61 (72.5%) were between age group of 20-30 years. Maximum number of IUFD were reported between 36-40 weeks of gestation (36.25%). Most of fetal deaths were due to preventable conditions like hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (28.75%), severe anemia (15%), abruptio placenta (11.25%), and rupture uterus (10%). Out of these patients 68 (85%) delivered vaginally and 7 patients were delivered by LSCS.Conclusions: The present study emphasizes the role of health education, regular antenatal checkups, early detection of complications and hospital delivery to reduce the overall preventable IUFD.

scholarly journals Clinico-microbiological study of diabetic limb amputations in a tertiary care hospital in North India

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Rajpal Singh Punia ◽  
Reetu Kundu ◽  
Vikram Jassal ◽  
Ashok Kumar Attri ◽  
Jagdish Chander
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
North India ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Grade 3

The diabetic population faces 80% increased risk of cellulitis, 4-fold increased risk of osteomyelitis and 2-fold risk of both sepsis and death caused by infections.Study objectives. The present study was carried out to assess the clinical aspects and microbiological profile of organisms isolated from 25 patients undergoing diabetic limb amputations.Materials and Methods. In 25 diabetes persons who underwent limb amputation, grading of ulcers was done according to Wagner system. Material was stained with Gram stain. Potassium hydroxide wet mounts were also studied. Culture was done in blood agar, MacConkey agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar tube slants and brain heart infusion broth and examined for growth. The histopathology sections were also studied and special stains were done.Results. Of 25 cases, 16 were males and 9 were females. The age ranged from 30 to 90 years (mean: 58?10.91). Majority of ulcers were grade 3. Osteomyelitis was seen in 13 (52%) cases; acute in 2 (8%), chronic in 3 (12%) and acute exacerbation of chronic osteomyelitis in 8 (32%) cases. On culture Proteus mirabilis was isolated in majority of cases followed by Escherichia coli. In 20 cases more than one bacterium were isolated. Candida was cultured in 8 cases followed by Trichosporon in 2 and Fusarium in one case. On histopathology Candida was seen in 3 cases, while one case showed spores of Trichosporon. 80% cases with osteomyelitis had polymicrobial infection.Conclusions. The isolation of etiologic agent helps in administering appropriate antibiotic regimens, thus reducing the problem of multidrug resistance, morbidity and surgical limb amputations in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus.

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