scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Measurement of Placental Thickness During Pregnancy as a Parameter For Estimating Gestational Age of The Foetus

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Umesh Prasad Khanal ◽  
Sharma Paudel ◽  
Benu Lohani
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reliable Parameter ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Placental Thickness

Introduction: Routine ultrasonography in pregnancy has the role in identifying the position, parenchyma echo pattern, variability of thickness of placenta which is associated with increased perinatal risk to both the foetus and mother. This study was carried out to establish the value of placental thickness measurement during normal pregnancy as a reliable parameter for estimating gestational age of the foetus.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study done in the Department of Radiology and Imaging at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from September 2004 to April 2005. Total 350 normal pregnant women of more than 15 weeks of gestation were included. Ultrasonographic measurement of placental thickness and fetal biometric measurements were obtained. Correlation coefficient tests were performed between the gestational age in weeks and placental thickness using Karl Pearson formula in SPSS 10 package.Results: Mean placental thickness measured at the cord insertion site increased from 15.28 mm at 15 weeks of gestational age to 39.57 mm at 39 weeks of gestational age correlated almost exact with a standard mean of deviation of ± 1.8 mm (r >0.851, p <0.001).Conclusion: Ultrasonographic measurement of placental thickness during normal pregnancy can predict the gestational age of the fetus with high confidence level and can be included as one of the biometric measurements of foetus to estimate its gestational age.

scholarly journals Placental Thickness and Its Correlation with Gestational Age: A Cross-sectional Ultrasonographic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumnima Acharya ◽  
Awadesh Tiwari ◽  
Rupesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Reliable Parameter ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Placental Thickness

Introduction: Placenta grows in size with the advancement of gestational age (GA) and plays an important role for delivery of nutrients from mother to fetus. Ultrasonography (USG) is implicated for the estimation of GA by using fetal growth parameters like Femur Length (FL), Bi-parietal Diameter (BPD), Head Circumference (HC), and Abdominal Circumference (AC). This study intends to observe the correlation between Placental Thickness (PT) and GA. Methods: It was an observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study conducted over a period of six months from November 2017 to April 2018. Fetal growth parameters i.e. FL, BPD, HC, and AC were measured to estimate GA. PT was also measured at the same time. Results: There was a positive correlation between PT and GA (r = 0.89, n=249, p < 0.001). Pearson correlation coefficient between the two variables at second and third trimesters were 0.81 and 0.49 respectively. Fisher r-to-z transformation was used to analyze the difference between those two coefficients and was found to be statistically significant (z = 4.6, p < 0.001). This indicates that there was a significant overall relationship between PT and GA. As GA increases, PT also increases. Conclusion: Our study observed a positive correlation between the PT and GA in second and third trimesters. Thickness of placenta can thus be used as a reliable parameter for the estimation of GA during the second and third trimesters, and can be used as a supplementary USG parameter along with FL, BPD, HC and AC.

scholarly journals Correlation of ultrasound placental diameter & thickness with gestational age

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngozi R. Njeze ◽  
Joseph O. Ogbochukwu ◽  
Josephat M. Chinawa
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Fetal Maturity ◽  
Placental Thickness ◽  
Open Access Article

Background & Objectives: Estimation of fetal maturity is common in obstetric practice especially when the women do not keep accurate menstrual records. An accurate establishment of expected date of delivery is fundamental to the management of both high risk and normal pregnancies. The objective of this study was to determine the placental diameter (PD), placental thickness (PT) and to establish a correlation between PD, PT and gestational age. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study that examines by means of ultrasonography the correlation between placental diameter and thickness with gestational age in Enugu, South East, Nigeria. Results: A total of 400 healthy subjects were recruited in 3rd trimester of pregnancy having fulfilled the inclusion criteria. PD and PT in this study did not correlate with parity. There is a linear increase of gestational age and placental thickness and diameter. These increases heighten between 38th week gestation and 40 weeks’ gestation. 205.0±1.4, 43.00±0.0 to 215.0±1.4, 46.00±2.8 respectively. Conclusion: Placental thickness and Placental diameter can be used to predict gestational age. It is therefore advised to use PT & PD in ultrasound obstetric assessment especially when Last menstrual period (LMP) is not clear. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1938 How to cite this:Njeze NR, Ogbochukwu JO, Chinawa JM. Correlation of ultrasound placental diameter & thickness with gestational age. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1938 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Lower Glutathione Peroxidase Serum Level Compared to Normal Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadek Pramarta
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To determine the difference of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in threatened miscarriages and normal pregnancy. Method: This is an analytic cross sectional study with 42 samples divided into two groups. Group 1 consists of 21 cases of threatened miscarriages with < 20 gestational age and group 2 is divided into 21 normal pregnancies of < 20 weeks gestational age. We took 3 cc of blood samples from the cubiti veins and mixed it with EDTA. Its GPx quantities were than examined at the Pathology Lab at Sanglah General Hospital. Data was then analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk Test and the independent t-test with p < 0.05. Result: From this research, we obtained the mean GPx levels on the threatened miscarriages was 49.92 ± 14.17 U/g Hb lower than the mean of normal pregnancy levels, which was 88.94 ± 30.11 U/g Hb. Conclusion: The quantities of GPx between threatened miscarriages and normal pregnancies are statistically different, in which the quantity of GPx in threatened miscarriages is lower compared to normal pregnancy. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3: 112-5] Keywords: GPx, normal pregnancy, threatened miscarriages

scholarly journals Biometric measurements of the nasal area of newborns for the development of a nasal protector model: cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mércia Lisieux Vaz da Costa Mascarenhas ◽  
Bruna Luizy dos Santos Guedes ◽  
Marcella Martins Barbosa Ferreira ◽  
Magda Kelanny de Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Regina Célia Sales Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Model Method ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Objective: To correlate the biometric measurements of the nasal area of premature and term newborns to provide parameters for a nasal protector model. Method: A crosssectional descriptive study, carried out in the neonatal joint accommodation, intermediate and intensive care units of a hospital in Maceio, Alagoas, with a total of 300 newborns, divided into two groups: 150 term and 150 premature. Neonatal history data and 1200 digital photographs were used for biometric measurements. Results: The groups were homogeneous regarding gender, weight and length of the newborn. The measurements of nasal width, distance from the wing of the nose to the right and left columella midline, right and left nasal introitus area, length of the right and left nasal dorsum were different when compared in groups according to gestational age and weight ranges - very low weight, low weight and appropriate weight for gestational age (p<0.05). Conclusion: The data obtained provide parameters for creating a nasal protector for newborns using prongs, considering anatomical aspects.

scholarly journals Association of Insulin Resistance with Serum Interleukin-6 and TNF-α Levels during Normal Pregnancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. BMI.S6150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi ◽  
Parvin Zareian ◽  
Abdolhossein Madani
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α

Overview The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in insulin resistance (IR) during normal pregnancy. Approach This cross sectional study was carried out on 86 healthy pregnant women including 26, 23 and 37 individuals in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters, respectively, and in 21 healthy non pregnant women. Serum TNF-α concentration was measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results There were significant differences between serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels in pregnant women as compared with maternal healthy controls. There was significant correlation between gestational age and Body Mass Index (BMI) (r = 0.28, P = 0.01). There was no significant correlation between gestational age and insulin resistance (IR). We also did not find correlations between IR and TNF-α and IR and IL-6 in pregnant women. Conclusion In conclusion, our findings suggest that TNF-α and IL-6 are not greatly contributed to pregnancy induced insulin resistance in normal pregnancy.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Fetal Transverse Cerebellar Diameter (TCD) Measurement for Prediction of Gestational Age in 2nd and 3rd Trimesters of Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
Saira Iram ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani ◽  
Zain-ul Hassan ◽  
Mehreen Fatima ◽  
Raham Bacha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Strong Linear Correlation ◽  
Reliable Parameter ◽  
Biometric Parameter

Prediction of gestational age based on sonographic fetal parameters is perhaps the cornerstone in modern obstetrics. The transverse cerebellar diameter serves as a reliable predictor of GA in the fetus and is a standard against which abnormalities in other fetal parameters can be compared. A variety of sonographic fetal biometric parameters can be used to assess gestational age in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The TCD is an additional biometric parameter against which aberrations in other fetal parameters can be compared. Objective: To assess the predictability of GA calculated by fetal TCD measured in 2nd & 3rd trimester of pregnancy on ultrasound. Methods: This was an cross-sectional study with a sample size 371 healthy, pregnant females with a normal fetus included aged 18 to 40 years, conducted in Gilani ultrasound center ferozpur road lahore. A standard 2nd and 3rd trimester ultrasound examination was done. In addition to the standard biometric parameters, the transcerebellar diameter was also measured. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient method was applied at a significance level of 1% (α = 0.01).using statistical software SPSS version 23.0. It was observed that BPD and TCD had a statistically significant, strong, linear correlation (r=0.976), GA of FL (r=0.978), LMP (r=0.976) P value (0.000) were considered significant. Conclusion: The TCD is a reliable parameter for the determination of GA in the  2nd & 3rd  trimesters of pregnancy. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 379-385

scholarly journals The amniotic fluid proteome changes with gestational age in normal pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Bhatti ◽  
Roberto Romero ◽  
Nardhy Gomez-Lopez ◽  
Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa ◽  
Eunjung Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proteome Changes ◽  
Gestational Tissues

AbstractThe cell-free transcriptome in amniotic fluid (AF) has been shown to be informative of physiologic and pathologic processes in pregnancy; however, the change in AF proteome with gestational age has mostly been studied by targeted approaches. The objective of this study was to describe the gestational age-dependent changes in the AF proteome during normal pregnancy by using an omics platform. The abundance of 1310 proteins was measured on a high-throughput aptamer-based proteomics platform in AF samples collected from women during midtrimester (16–24 weeks of gestation, n = 15) and at term without labor (37–42 weeks of gestation, n = 13). Only pregnancies without obstetrical complications were included in the study. Almost 25% (320) of AF proteins significantly changed in abundance between the midtrimester and term gestation. Of these, 154 (48.1%) proteins increased, and 166 (51.9%) decreased in abundance at term compared to midtrimester. Tissue-specific signatures of the trachea, salivary glands, brain regions, and immune system were increased while those of the gestational tissues (uterus, placenta, and ovary), cardiac myocytes, and fetal liver were decreased at term compared to midtrimester. The changes in AF protein abundance were correlated with those previously reported in the cell-free AF transcriptome. Intersecting gestational age-modulated AF proteins and their corresponding mRNAs previously reported in the maternal blood identified neutrophil-related protein/mRNA pairs that were modulated in the same direction. The first study to utilize an aptamer-based assay to profile the AF proteome modulation with gestational age, it reveals that almost one-quarter of the proteins are modulated as gestation advances, which is more than twice the fraction of altered plasma proteins (~ 10%). The results reported herein have implications for future studies focused on discovering biomarkers to predict, monitor, and diagnose obstetrical diseases.

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