Characterization of Thyroid Nodule by Sonographic Features

Introduction: The thyroid is an endocrine gland situated in the infrahyoid compartment of neck in a space outlined by muscle, trachea, esophagus, carotid arteries and jugular veins. Though nodular thyroid disease is relatively common, thyroid cancer is rare and accounts for less than 1% of all malignancies indicating that overwhelming majority of thyroid nodules are benign. The purpose of this study was to assess the sonographic characteristics in a solitary thyroid nodule and predict risk of malignancy.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu.62 patients with palpable thyroid nodule were evaluated for sonographic characteristics .USG guided FNA for cytopathological examination was then performed.Results: Out of 66 patients, four were subsequently excluded because they didn’t fulfill the inclusion criteria. Of the 62 patients, 47 (75.8%) were females and 15 (24.2%) were males. Among 56 benign nodules, 45 (80.4%) were in females and 11(19.6) were in male. Among 6 malignant nodules, 4(66.7%) were in males and 2 (33.3%) were in females. Result shows 5 malignant nodules (83.3%) were solid where as 1 malignant nodule (16.7%) was complex with solid predominance. All 4 cystic nodules (7.1%) were benign. All complex nodules with predomint cystic components were also benign. One malignant nodule (16.7%) had snow storm type of microcalcification. None of the benign nodules had microcalcification. Nodule having microcalcification was malignant. Findings showed that all malignant nodules (100%) had increased internal vascularity whereas benign nodules were variable in internal vascularity.Conclusion: This study has shown that colloid goiter is the commonest benign diagnosis whereas papillary carcinoma is the commonest malignancy. Malignant nodules are solid or predominantly solid whereas cystic and predominantly cystic nodules are likely to be benign. Macrocalcification and internal vascularity are not reliable to differentiate benign from malignant nodule. However, snowstorm calcification makes a nodule likely to be malignant whereas egg shell calcification is characteristic for benign nodule.

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Solitary thyroid nodule: an overview of one year study at a tertiary care hospital

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20193648 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 3117

Author(s):

Shyam Sundar Tandri ◽

Ayathu V. S. Sai Mahesh

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Nodule ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Common Finding ◽

Clinical Approach ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Solitary Thyroid Nodule ◽

One Year

Background: Thyroid nodules are a common finding in general practice. These nodules are either solitary or multinodular. In the present study thorough evaluation of all the cases presenting with a solitary thyroid nodule (STN) is done. The clear overview of prevalence of STN, associated risk factors, its distribution and its percentage of malignancy, clinic-pathological correlation and findings on ultra-sonogram.Methods: A one year cross sectional study at a tertiary care hospital was done after ethical committee approval. All cases of thyroid with solitary thyroid nodule were included and socio demographic data, clinical examination and USG data was noted. Thyroid hormone profile, FNAC and HPE was performed for every case enrolled and data was noted. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results: 350 cases were enrolled with 44.42% prevalence and 61.43% were females. Maximum age group was 31-40 years with swelling as the most common sign. 81.14% were euthyroid, 6.3% of cases had lymph node involvement. Micro calcification in 69.7% of nodules and 78.65 were solid. 40.3% of the STN were of colloid on FNAC and 6% were malignant. Malignancy on HPE was 14.6% and papillary carcinoma was the most commonest and follicular least.Conclusions: All cases of STN require a thorough clinical approach supported by ultra-sonogram, FNAC and detailed HPE after surgery for evaluation of benign and malignant lesions. Fine needle aspiration cytology has become an invaluable, minimally invasive and reliable tool in the preoperative assessment of patients with suspicion of malignancy.

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A clinical study of incidence of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule in a tertiary care hospital

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20185490 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 293

Author(s):

Palani V. ◽

Reshma S.

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Nodule ◽

Thyroid Nodules ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Solitary Nodule ◽

Medical College ◽

Solitary Thyroid Nodule ◽

The Mean ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Optimum Management

Background: Thyroid nodules are common endocrine problem. A discrete swelling in an otherwise impalpable gland is termed as solitary nodule of thyroid. Solitary nodules have a high likelihood of being malignant. They should be characterized properly for optimum management. Aim of the study is to identify the incidence of malignancy in solitary nodule thyroid.Methods: A prospective study had been carried out from January 2018 to October 2018, in the Department of General surgery, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India. Fifty patients, who presented with solitary thyroid swelling were examined clinically and confirmed after taking a detailed history and underwent thyroid surgery were included in this study. The histopathological reports were evaluated by standard statistical methods.Results: There were 50 cases of clinically detected solitary thyroid nodule with female preponderance more than males. The mean age of the incidence of solitary thyroid nodule is 35years. The incidence of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule is 20%.Conclusions: It is concluded from the present study that 20% of solitary thyroid nodules are malignant, with female preponderance and a mean age of solitary thyroid nodule is 35years.

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