scholarly journals Trade and Sustainable Conservation of Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex Fleming) h. Karst in Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Phoboo ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Sustainable Harvesting ◽  
Swertia Chirayita ◽  
Extensive Collection ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex Fleming) H. Karst is one of the most important high-value medicinal plants of Nepal prized for its anti-diabetic, antimalarial, hepato-protective and anti-inflammatory properties. It is widely used as an important ingredient in medicinal preparations in Ayurveda, Unnani, Siddha, Tibetan and Chinese traditional medicine. Nepal is one of the main exporters of this important plant and the most significant importers are India and China. The large scale export of this plant has made it vulnerable in Nepal and there is an immediate need for its conservation. Detailed information on the current status of trade of this plant in Nepal is necessary to understand and make assumptions on its current market standing or future predictions of demand. S. chirayita is traded in 61 of the 75 districts of Nepal and constituted about 3% in the total medicinal plant traded in the fiscal year 2008-2009. Due to extensive collection of S. chirayita from the wild, there is a need for exploring alternative conservation options in order to preserve the remaining wild population. Sustainable harvesting and cultivation can help in its conservation. This paper briefly reviews the state of trade and sustainable conservation of this important medicinal plant in Nepal. Key words: Swertia chirayita; trade; cultivation; sustainable use; sustainable harvesting DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4134Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 125-132

scholarly journals QUANTIFICATION OF MAJOR PHYTOCHEMICALS OF SWERTIA CHIRAYITA, A MEDICINAL PLANT FROM NEPAL

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Phoboo ◽  
Marcia Da Silva Pinto ◽  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jha ◽  
Kalidas Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Swertia Chirayita ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Swertia chirayita is an important medicinal plant from Nepal with anti-diabetic, anti-pyretic, anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory potential and used in therapeutic herbal preparations in parts of South Asia. The main phytochemicals in crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of different plant parts of Swertia chirayita collected from nine different districts of Nepal representing West, East and Central Nepal were quantified using HPLC/DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection). The quantities of these phytochemicals were also compared between wild and cultivated plant parts of Swertia chirayita. Amarogentin, mangiferin, swertiamarin were the main phytochemicals in all extracts. The highest quantity of all the three phytochemicals was found in IL (inflorescence and leaf mixture) of all the collected plants samples. There was no significant difference in the amounts of these three phytochemicals between extracts from wild and cultivated plants. The result from this study substantiates the validity of cultivated Swertia chirayita for medicinal purposes and trade.Key words:  Swertia chirayita; HPLC/DAD; Wild; Cultivated; Phytochemicals; Quantification; Mangiferin; Swertiamarin; AmarogentinDOI: 10.3126/eco.v17i0.4118EcoprintAn International Journal of EcologyVol. 17, 2010Page: 59-68Uploaded date: 3 January, 2011

scholarly journals Withania Coagulans (Stocks) Dunal: Biotechnological Achievements And Perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Mafatlal M. Kher ◽  
Deepak Soner ◽  
M. Nataraj
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Initiation ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Withania Coagulans ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

AbstractWithania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal is an important medicinal plant of the Solanaceae. Biotechnological studies on this plant started in 2009 and are still in a nascent phase of development. Even so, some important advances have been made, particularly in the field of tissue culture, which is an important means for its large-scale propagation and in vitro conservation. This review focuses on methods for surface sterilization, culture initiation, multiplication, rooting and acclimatization of W. coagulans.

Recent Developments in the Downstream Processing of Phycobiliproteins from Algae: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayekpam Chandralekha Devi ◽  
G. K. Hamsavi ◽  
Simran Sahota ◽  
Rochak Mittal ◽  
Hrishikesh A. Tavanandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Macro Algae

Abstract: Algae (both micro and macro) have gained huge attention in the recent past for their high commercial value products. They are the source of various biomolecules of commercial applications ranging from nutraceuticals to fuels. Phycobiliproteins are one such high value low volume compounds which are mainly obtained from micro and macro algae. In order to tap the bioresource, a significant amount of work has been carried out for large scale production of algal biomass. However, work on downstream processing aspects of phycobiliproteins (PBPs) from algae is scarce, especially in case of macroalgae. There are several difficulties in cell wall disruption of both micro and macro algae because of their cell wall structure and compositions. At the same time, there are several challenges in the purification of phycobiliproteins. The current review article focuses on the recent developments in downstream processing of phycobiliproteins (mainly phycocyanins and phycoerythrins) from micro and macroalgae. The current status, the recent advancements and potential technologies (that are under development) are summarised in this review article besides providing future directions for the present research area.

scholarly journals Dynamic variations in salinity and potassium grade of a potassium-rich brine deposit in Lop Nor basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Ma ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Qingfeng Tang ◽  
Hui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Underground Brine ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lop Nor

AbstractThe Quaternary Lop Nor playa is the largest production base of potassium sulfate in the world. It has a mining history of more than 10 years, and its share in the Chinese potassium sulfate market is about 50% to-date. In this basin, the high-salinity potassium-rich brines are mainly contained in Middle Pleistocene–Holocene glauberite strata. Based on the monitoring of the underground brine table and geochemical analysis, this study reveals variations in the underground brine table and potassium-bearing grade before and after large-scale mining in the Lop Nor potash deposit. The results showed that the underground brine table and potassium sulfate grade decreased by varying degrees over sub-mineral areas after large-scale mining. The underground brine table declined by 8.5 m, on average, in the Luobei depression, by 6.4 m in the Tenglong platform and by 1.9 m in the Xinqing platform. However, the potassium-bearing grade showed the different trend. The Tenglong platform had the largest decline with average decreases in layers W1, W2 and W3 of 18.2%, 13.0% and 24.8%, respectively. In the Xinqing platform, the average decrease in layersW2 and W3 were 17.4% and 16.0% respectively. The Luobei depression decreases were relatively small (W1, W2 and W3 decreased 4.3%, 4.2% and 3.1%, respectively). This research provides a theoretical basis for the rational development and sustainable use of the potassium-rich brines in the Lop Nor basin.

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication, micromorphological studies and ex vitro rooting of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. – a rare medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
M. Manokari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Hybanthus Enneaspermus ◽  
Half Strength

AbstractHybanthus enneaspermusis a rare medicinal plant. We defined a protocol for micropropagation,ex vitrorooting of cloned shoots and their acclimatization. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin). Medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1BAP was found optimum for shoot induction from the explants and 6.4±0.69 shoots were regenerated from each node with 97% response. Shoots were further proliferated maximally (228±10.3 shoots per culture bottle with 7.5±0.43 cm length) on MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg L−1each of BAP and Kin within 4–5 weeks. The shoots were rootedin vitroon half strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The cloned shoots were pulse-treated with 300 mg L–1 of IBA and cultured on soilrite® in a greenhouse. About 96% of the IBA-pulsed shoots rootedex vitroin soilrite®, each shoot producing 12.5±0.54 roots with 5.1±0.62 cm length. Theex vitrorooted plantlets showed a better rate of survival (92%) in a field study thanin vitrorooted plantlets (86%). A comparative foliar micromorphological study ofH. enneaspermuswas conducted to understand the micromorphological changes during plant developmental processes fromin vitrotoin vivoconditions in terms of variations in stomata, vein structures and spacing, and trichomes. This is the first report onex vitrorooting inH. enneaspermusand the protocol can be exploited for conservation and large-scale propagation of this rare and medicinally important plant.

scholarly journals Adherence and competence assessment in studies of CBT for psychosis: current status and future directions

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fowler ◽  
R. Rollinson ◽  
P. French
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Careful Assessment

All good quality trials of psychological interventions need to check formally that therapists have used the techniques prescribed in the published therapy manuals, and that the therapy has been carried out competently. This paper reviews methods of assessing adherence and competence used in recent large-scale trials of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for psychosis in the UK carried out by our research groups. A combination of the Cognitive Therapy Rating Scale and specific versions of the Cognitive Therapy for Psychosis Adherence Scales provides an optimal assessment of adherence and competence. Careful assessment of the competence and adherence can help identify the procedures actually carried out with individuals within trials. The basic use of such assessments is to provide an external check on treatment fidelity on a sample of sessions. Such assessment can also provide the first step towards moving research towards making sense of CBT for psychosis as a complex intervention and identifying which techniques work for which problems of people with psychosis, at which stages of disorder?

Current status of large-scale cryogenic gravitational wave telescope

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. S871-S884 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kuroda ◽  
M Ohashi ◽  
S Miyoki ◽  
T Uchiyama ◽  
H Ishitsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Status

A landscape-ontology scale MTInSAR deformation monitoring solution for the sustainable conservation of architectural heritage sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
FuLong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Great Wall

<p>Architectural heritage is cultural and spiritual symbol of our predecessors with immeasurable historical, artistic, and technological value. However, these heritages are exposed to long-term degradation due to the combination impacts from the natural erosion and anthropogenic activities. Consequently, it is important to establish an effective deformation monitoring system to support the sustainable conservation of those properties. In order to make complementary to conventional geodetic measurements such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and leveling in terms of spatial density, we propose a landscape-ontology scale multi-temporal InSAR (MTInSAR) solution for the preventive deformation monitoring of large-scale architectural heritage sites through the adaption of current MTInSAR approaches. We apply different solutions in Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall in China and the Angkor Wat in Cambodia based on their onsite characteristics. At the cultural landscape scale, we improve the small baseline subset (SBAS) approach by the induced pseudo-baseline strategy in order to avoid the errors caused by inaccurate external DEM, resulting in a robust deformation estimation in mountainous areas where the architecture heritage of the Great Wall located; at the ontology scale, we integrate the differential SAR tomography (DTomoSAR) with the finite element method (FEM) for the structural instability detection of the Angkor Wat Temple, pinpointing the structural defects from the 3D deformation measurements and simulation. This study demonstrates the capability of adaptive MTInSAR approaches for the preventive monitoring the deformation of large-scale architectural heritage sites.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Architectural heritage; two-scale; deformation; MTInSAR</p>

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