Spectrum and Presentation of Urinary Bladder Growth: a Single-Center Retrospective Study

Introduction: Urinary bladder cancers are heterogeneous diseases consisting of a divergent group of tumors. Diseases of the urinary bladder, both neoplastic and nonneoplastic contribute to notable mortality and morbidity. Histopathology remains the gold standard of diagnosis. Bladder transurethral resection of the tumor is a therapeutic procedure that ensures the material necessary for histopathological diagnosis because it allows assessment of the degree of differentiation, depth of tumor invasion, parameters useful in the elaboration of diagnosis and prognosis assessment Material and Methods: All the urinary bladder biopsies submitted in the pathology laboratory during 1 year time period were included in the study. Results: Among the 51 total cases in the study, the male to female ratio was 4.67:1 with the age group of 22-96 years. Among the study population, 30 (52.7%) presented with hematuria, 10 (19.2%) with burning micturition, frequent urination, and lower abdominal pain. In the study, 44 (86%) showed neoplastic lesions while 7(14%) remaining were non-neoplastic lesions. Infiltrative urothelial carcinoma with low and high grades was diagnosed in 23% (12/51) Conclusions: This study has revealed that neoplastic lesions are more common than non-neoplastic lesions. A great majority of neoplastic lesions are of urothelial origin. Majority of which are invasive urothelial neoplasm. All urothelial neoplasms are more common in males. Cystoscopic studies and biopsies help in the early detection of bladder neoplasms and they form the mainstay of the diagnosis and follow-up.

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Study of Cytodiagnosis of Head and Neck Neoplastic Lesions and Comparison with Histopathology

International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1157 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 119-122

Author(s):

Maniyar U Amit ◽

Harshid Laxmanbhai Patel ◽

BH Parmar

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Frozen Section ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Age Group ◽

Aspiration Cytology ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Neoplastic Lesion ◽

Neoplastic Lesions

ABSTRACT Introduction The development of aspiration cytology is one of the biggest advances in anatomic pathology. Cancer has become one of the 10 leading causes of death in India. Head and neck neoplasia is a major form of cancer in India, accounting for 23% of all cancers in males and 6% in females. The advantages of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are: it is safe, sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of malignancy, gives a rapid report, requires little equipment, causes minimal discomfort to the patient, is an out patient procedure, repeatable and cost effective avoids the use of frozen section, reduces the rate of exploratory procedures and allows a definitive diagnosis of inoperable cases. FNAC is of particular relevance in head and neck lesions because of easy assessibility, excellent patient compliance, minimally invasive nature of procedure and helping to avoid surgery in non-neoplastic lesions, inflammatory conditions and also some tumors. Aims and objectives To test the utility of FNAC, to establish the diagnostic accuracy of cytology by comparison with histopathology diagnosis and to establish the sensitivity and specificity of this technique in head and neck neoplastic lesion. Materials and methods The present study was undertaken in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nashik, between January 2008 and June 2009. Results In the present study, maximum number of aspirates from head and neck neoplastic lesions were found to be of lymph nodes (56.37%). Of the total 378 cases, 71.69% were malignant. 6th decade was the most common age group affected (26.46%). Mean age group was found to be 45.84 years. Males were more commonly affected (65.34%). The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Out of 92 cases available for follow-up, 85.87% of the cases were same as histopathological diagnosis. Summary and conclusion Excisional biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis of head and neck neoplastic lesion, cytological study can establish the diagnosis of the majority of head and neck neoplastic lesions and can be recommended as an adjunct to histopathology. How to cite this article Amit MU, Patel HL, Parmar BH. Study of Cytodiagnosis of Head and Neck Neoplastic Lesions and Comparison with Histopathology. Int J Head Neck Surg 2013; 4(3):119-122.

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CLINICOHISTOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF NASAL AND SINONASAL LESIONS: A STUDY FROM CENTRAL INDIA

International Journal of Medical Science and Diagnosis Research ◽

10.32553/ijmsdr.v4i8.657 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Manjiri G Khade ◽

Rekha N Patil ◽

Dinkar T Kumbhalkar ◽

Suwarna B Patil ◽

Pradip S Umap

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Central India ◽

Clinical History ◽

P Value ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Neoplastic Lesions ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Nasal and sinonasal lesions comprise common as well as rarest rare lesions. This region being a site of histopathologically diverse lesions, interests pathologists. Objectives: The study aimed to find out incidence of nasal and sinonasal lesion with frequency of non-neoplastic, neoplastic lesions, to study spectrum of lesions histopathologically along with correlation of clinical and radiology findings. Material and methods: It was a 2 year retrospective observational study involving 102 cases from January 2012 to December 2013 carried out at Government medical college, Nagpur. Study included all specimens received as nasal and sinonasal lesions. Complete clinical history and radiological findings were correlated with histopathology findings. Results: Nasal and sinonasal lesions are rare having 1.07 % incidence rate. Majority of patients of nonneoplastic and benign neoplastic category belonged to 11-20 age group while malignancies were common in 41-50 age group. We encountered more neoplastic lesions (53.92%) compared to nonneoplastic lesion (46.08%). Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of clinical diagnosis was 94.73%, 97.67 % and 96 % respectively while positive predictive value and negative predictive value was 98.18 % and 93.33 %. p value was 0.317. Discordance in clinic-histopathological diagnosis was in 5.88 % Conclusion: Though there was good correlation between clinicoradiology findings and histopathology, however in 5.88% discordant cases histopathology diagnosis led to significant alteration of treatment plan proving key role of histopathology diagnosis. Keywords: Benign, Central India, Clinicohistopathology, Profile, Malignant, Nasal, Sinonasal.

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Profiles of histopathological lesions of urinary bladder: A five years study

Journal of Pathology of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpn.v6i12.16287 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 1001-1004

Author(s):

EP Shrestha ◽

K Karmacharya

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Radical Cystectomy ◽

Lamina Propria ◽

Bladder Neoplasms ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Army Hospital ◽

Neoplastic Lesions ◽

Muscle Invasion

Background: Neoplastic and non-neoplastic urinary bladder lesions are the main reasons for morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Amongst these, urothelial carcinoma is a common primary tumor of urinary bladder (90%). The objective of this study is to determine the profile of various urothelial lesions received in Army Hospital within 5 years of period.Materials and methods: Five years retrospective study of cystoscopic biopsies and radical cystectomy specimens were carried out in Department of Pathology, Army hospital.Results: Out of 53 cystoscopic biopsies and radical cystectomy specimens, 42 were neoplastic and 11 were non neoplastic lesions. Thirty six urothelial carcinomas were observed out of which 20 were high grade urothelial carcinoma and 16 were low grade. Out of 20 high grade urothelial carcinoma, 17 had muscle invasion and 3 had invasion upto lamina propria. Of 16 low grade urothelial carcinoma, 12 were noninvasive, 2 had invasion upto lamina propria and 2 had muscle invasion. Papilloma was the commonest benign lesions found (7.1%) followed by papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) (2.4%) and hemangioma (2.4%).Conclusion: This article have highlighted upon the importance of histopathological study in evaluating urinary bladder lesions. Also, it has helped in determining that neoplastic lesions were more common than non-neoplastic lesions as seen in our study. A great majority of neoplastic lesions were of urothelial origin. Cystoscopic studies and biopsies help in early detection of bladder neoplasms and they form the mainstay of the diagnosis and follow up.

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Profile of oral cavity neoplastic lesions: two year pilot study at tertiary care centre

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20202208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 1107

Author(s):

Manish Munjal ◽

Ramandeep Kaur ◽

Porshia Rishi ◽

Nitika Tuli ◽

Harjinder Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Neoplastic Lesions

Background: In India 53,251 new head and neck cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Benign tumours are more frequently in the oral cavity than oropharynx.Methods: The prospective study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, over a period of two and half years, comprised of 66 cases of head and neck neoplasia. The demographic, gender profile, clinical presentation, histopathological diagnosis, therapeutic modality undertaken and post op complications of neoplastic lesions of the oral cavity were studied. follow up was done for 6 months. The therapeutic modalities included surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy as per the stage of the lesion.Results: Incidence of oral cancer is 13.6% among head and neck neoplasms over a period of 2 years (2011-2012). The overall male to female ratio was 1:1.25, among benign was 1:1 and among malignant was 1:1.3. Benign oral cavity tumors were managed surgically with wide excision. Out of 7, 4 (44%) malignant oral cavity tumor patient experienced difficulty in swallowing. Three (43%) out of 4 squamous cell carcinoma patients complained of difficulty in speaking, which is commonly seen in post-glossectomy patients. The survival rate for 6 months follows up, was 100%.Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest oral cavity neoplasia. At post treatment follow up period of 6 months survival rate of benign neoplasia is better than malignant neoplasia.

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Lesions in 224 spleens of splenectomized dogs and evalution of alternative techniques for previous microscopic diagnosis

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6266 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 622-629

Author(s):

Rafael S. Figueiredo ◽

Caterina Muramoto ◽

Thanielle N. Fontes ◽

Iris D.S. Meneses ◽

Paula G.S. Cardoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Surgical Indication ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Therapeutic Procedure ◽

Diagnostic Efficacy ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Neoplastic Lesions ◽

Microscopic Diagnosis ◽

Focal Splenic Lesions

ABSTRACT: When detecting a proliferative splenic lesion, veterinarians usually choose splenectomy before a conclusive diagnosis, which can provide a deleterious effect to the dog. The most appropriate would be to perform splenectomy as a therapeutic procedure only in cases with real surgical indication, which can be established after defining microscopic diagnosis and prognosis. The objectives of this study were: to determine the frequency of different types of lesions in spleens of splenectomized dogs in the period of 12 years (2006-2017); determine the representativity of neoplastic lesions (benign and malignant) and non-neoplastic lesions; to evaluate and compare the safety and efficiency of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) and ultrasound-guided Tru-cut needle biopsy for cytological and histopathological diagnosis, respectively, of splenic nodular lesions. In the studied period 224 cases of lesions were found in splenectomized spleens. The frequency of non-neoplastic lesions (50,45%, 113/224) and neoplastic lesions (49,55%, 111/224) was very similar. Among the neoplastic lesions, the malignant ones were more frequent (79,27%, 88/111), and the hemangiosarcoma was the most common (52,25%, 58/111). The possibility of malignant neoplasm was about 74% greater than a benign one. In summary, it was verified that 60.71% (136/224) of the cases corresponded to benign lesions without indication to splenectomy. FNA techniques and Tru-cut biopsy showed a low risk of complications. Regarding the diagnostic efficacy, the FNA obtained 71.43% (15/21) of conclusive diagnoses, 60% (9/15) of which were compatible with the final result of the histopathological evaluation, after splenectomy (gold standard). The Tru-cut biopsy obtained 71.43% (5/7) of conclusive diagnoses and 28.57% (2/7) of inconclusive diagnoses. Among the conclusive one, in 100% of the cases the diagnosis was compatible with the gold standard. Thus, since the possibility of benign splenic lesions in dogs is 1.52 times greater than malignancies, splenectomy should be recommended as a therapeutic procedure only in cases with proven surgical indication, which can be established after definition of microscopic diagnosis and prognosis. The use of FNA and Tru-cut biopsy should be recommended, especially for small and focal splenic lesions, since such techniques are good alternatives for establishing diagnosis previously to splenectomy, which may reduce the number of unnecessary splenectomies. The importance of recommending such techniques is emphasized, especially for dogs with focal splenic lesions smaller than three centimeters.

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Utility of Colonoscopic Biopsies in Histomorphological Spectrum of Colorectal Lesions - A Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in Aurangabad Region of Maharashtra

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (23) ◽

pp. 1909-1914

Author(s):

Suparna Sharad Pingle

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Chronic Colitis ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Study Results ◽

Neoplastic Lesions ◽

Colorectal Biopsies ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is considered as a diagnostic procedure of choice for patients presenting with chronic diarrhoea / bloody diarrhoea. Colonoscopic mucosal biopsies have shown to be accurate indicators of extent of the involvement of colon in inflammatory bowel disease. Also, colonoscopy is still considered as the gold standard in cancer surveillance. The present study was undertaken to find out the utility of colonoscopic biopsies in histomorphological spectrum of colorectal lesions. METHODS This was a three-year retrospective study carried out in the Department of Pathology, at MGM Medical College, Aurangabad. Patient’s clinical details, colonoscopic findings and apparent pathology were noted in 206 cases along with final histopathological diagnosis. Biopsies which showed significant findings were included in the study. RESULTS In the study, the male to female ratio was 2.4 : 1. Out of 206 colorectal biopsies, 146 (70.8 %) were non-neoplastic and 60 (29.2 %) were neoplastic lesions. Amongst non-neoplastic lesions, maximum cases were of chronic colitis with 4 cases of granulomatous colitis and 30 cases of inflammatory bowel disease. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type in neoplastic lesions (66.6 %), with rectum being the most common site followed by colonic polyps (25 %). As far as age group was concerned, the 2nd decade was dominated by chronic colitis, 3rd decade by adenomatous polyps and 5th decade by adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Histomorphological profile of colorectal biopsies has a wide spectrum ranging from infectious diseases, inflammatory bowel disorders to colorectal malignancies. Histopathology with correlation of clinical and endoscopic findings plays a major role in accurate diagnosis of colorectal lesions. KEYWORDS Colonoscopy, Biopsies, Neoplastic, Non-Neoplastic, Colitis, Adenocarcinoma

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FNAC as a Diagnostic Tool in the Evaluation of Cytomorphological Spectrum of Peripheral Lymphadenopathy along with Histopathological Agreement - An Experience in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital of Northern India

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2020/601 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (49) ◽

pp. 2937-2942

Author(s):

Sima Chauhan ◽

Simanta Kumar Behera

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Age Groups ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Anatomical Site ◽

Safe Procedure ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Tertiary Teaching ◽

Neoplastic Lesions

BACKGROUND Lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest presentations in clinical practice. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is an established, easy, cost effective, diagnostic tool for lymphadenopathies. Judicious application of FNAC can avoid the need of biopsy. We wanted to compare the accuracy of FNAC and histological analysis of peripheral lymphadenopathy among patients visiting the Departments of Oncology, Pathology, Surgery of K.D. Medical College and determine the most prevalent cause of peripheral lymphadenopathy among different age groups of patients. METHODS This study was done among cases of peripheral lymphadenopathy whose FNAC & biopsy were available. 112 cases of lymph node FNACs were carried out in the Dept. of Pathology for a period of one and half years from July 2018 till December 2019. Special stains were used whenever necessary. RESULTS Out of 112 cases studied 68 cases were male and 44 cases were female. Ratio of M : F = 1.5. The commonest anatomical site for lymphadenopathy was cervical (70 %) followed by supraclavicular (13 %) and axillary (10 %). Coming to the spectrum of the disease 103 cases (91.9 %) were non neoplastic lesions and 9 cases 8.03 % were neoplastic lesions. Reactive hyperplastic was the most common condition 51 cases (45.5 %) followed by tuberculosis 34 cases (30.35 %). Out of cases 9 cases (8.03 %) of malignancy, 5 cases (4.4 %) were metastatic deposits & 4 cases (3.57 %) were lymphomas. The peak age group ranged between 21 - 30 years. Cervical location of distribution of lymphadenopathy is noticed to be highest (70 %), which is then followed by, supra clavicular (13 %), axillary (10 %) and inguinal (5 %). (Maximum number of cases were found in the age group of 21 yr. - 30 yr., least number of cases seen in the age group of 61 yr. – 70 yr. Correlative study between cytopathological &and histopathological examination of lymphadenopathy showed diagnostic discordance in three cases and concordance in 109 cases. CONCLUSIONS Apart from reactive hyperplasia, tuberculosis is the commonest cause of lymphadenopathy & males are commonly affected. FNAC is a safe procedure with high degree of sensitivity and specificity and concordance of 96.64 % with histopathological diagnosis. For confirming the diagnosis of lymph nodes, histopathology is the gold standard. KEYWORDS Lymphadenopathy, FNAC, Histopathology, Biopsy, Tuberculosis

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A Population-based Study of 538 Patients with Newly Detected Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Followed during 5 Years

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology ◽

10.1080/00365590310008037 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 195-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Per Larsson ◽

Hans Wijkström ◽

Andreas Thorstenson ◽

Jan Adolfsson ◽

Ulf Norming ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Bladder Neoplasms ◽

Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study

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Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Head Injury in Bangladesh: Perspective from the Largest Tertiary Care Hospital

Indian Journal of Neurotrauma ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718780 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sukriti Das ◽

Bipin Chaurasia ◽

Dipankar Ghosh ◽

Asit Chandra Sarker

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Head Injuries ◽

Skull Fracture ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

The Government

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Economic impact is much worse in developing countries like Bangladesh, as victims are frequently male, productive, and breadwinners of the families. Objectives The objective of our study was to highlight the etiological pattern and distribution of varieties of head injuries in Bangladesh and give recommendations regarding how this problem can be solved or reduce to some extent at least. Methods From January 2017 to December 2019, a total of 14,552 patients presenting with head injury at emergency got admitted in Neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and were included in this study. Results The most common age group was 21 to 30 years (36%: 5,239) with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6:1. Injury was mostly caused by road traffic accident (RTA [58.3%: 8,484]), followed by fall (25%: 3,638) and history of assault (15.3%: 2,226). The common varieties of head injury were: acute extradural hematoma (AEDH [42.30%: 1,987]), skull fracture either linear or depressed (28.86%: 1,347), acute subdural hematoma (ASDH [12.30%: 574]), brain contusion (10.2%: 476), and others (6.04%: 282). Conclusion RTA is the commonest cause of TBI, and among them motor bike accident is the severe most form of TBI. AEDH is the commonest variety of head injuries. Proper steps taken by the Government, vehicle owners, and drivers, and proper referral system and prompt management in the hospital can reduce the mortality and morbidity from TBI in Bangladesh.

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