Patient’s Expectation of Orthodontic Treatment at a  Tertiary Health Facility in Lagos, Nigeria

Introduction: An understanding of the expectations and attitude of patients is a prerequisite for appropriate behavioural and clinical management.Objective: To assess patients’ expectations of orthodontic treatment and relationship of gender to this expectation among Nigerian patients.Materials & Method: The descriptive study comprised of patients attending the orthodontic clinic at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Nigeria for the first time. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain the socio-demographic information and responses to questions on their expectation of orthodontic treatment.Result: Majority of the respondents had higher expectations on aesthetic outcome of orthodontic treatment than the functional outcomes. They expected to have better smile, teeth straightened and have confidence socially. The lowest mean scores were obtained in the domains of improvement in career and making speech easier. Females had significant higher scores than male participants in all domains explored with the mean highest score in the domain of better smiles; while the highest male mean score was in the domain of straightened teeth.Conclusion: Orthodontics relies heavily on patient cooperation for a successful end result. It is recommended that the orthodontist agrees with the patient on realistic expected treatment outcomes before the treatment commences so that they are not disappointed with the final appearance. Orthodontic Journal of Nepal, Vol. 6 No. 1, June 2016, pp.12-17

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Perception of facial appearance and profile among Bangladeshi Laypersons

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v17i4.38329 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 638-643

Author(s):

Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽

Shifat A Nowrin

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Medical Science ◽

Satisfaction Score ◽

Facial Appearance ◽

Soft Tissue Profile ◽

Average Profile ◽

The Mean ◽

Existing Data ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Background: Enlightening facial esthetic is reflecting as one of the main influences in orthodontic treatment during establishing of ideal occlusion.Method: In present study, a determination was made to subsidize to the existing pool of information on the soft-tissue profile and facial awareness. Main aim of the study is to investigate how the Bangladeshi laypersons are aware of their own faces by analyzing the data collected through a structured questionnaire.Result: This study involved total 200 Bangladeshi Individuals age ranged 19 to 23 years old. A validated structured questionnaire was used to assess subjects’ evaluation of their own facial appearance. The mean awareness score for the subjects of Bangladeshi individuals ranged from 1.4 to 2.3 in male and from 1.7 to 1.9 in female for the overall impressions and from 1.3 to 2.1 in male and from 1.2 to 2.3 in female for the facial parts. Satisfaction score for the 9 items out of 24 items differed significantly between Bangladeshi female and male. An average profile of the jaw and lips are desired over more retrusive or protrusive profiles among Bangladeshi laypersons.Conclusion: It can be determined that Bangladeshi laypersons are adept to understand their own faces in the various commands and most of the peoples are worry about their profile in their everyday survives. We must evaluate our existing data to find orthodontic standards that are valid for specific ethnic groups.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(4) 2018 p.638-643

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Prevalence and Demographic Correlates of Seropositive HIV and HBsAg Cases among Women Booking for Antenatal Care at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2019/v40i130219 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

P. A. Awoyesuku ◽

D. A. Macpepple ◽

B. O. Altraide ◽

D. H. John

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Educational Status ◽

University Teaching ◽

P Value ◽

Seroprevalence Rate ◽

State University ◽

Global Public Health ◽

The Mean ◽

Rivers State

Background: Infection with hepatitis B (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are global public health problems. These infections during pregnancy increase the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality, and also pose a risk to the fetus due to mother to child transmission. Objective: To determine the prevalence of seropositive HIV and HBsAg cases amongst pregnant women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). Methodology: A retrospective review of hospital and laboratory records of all pregnant women booked at RSUTH in two years, from May 2017 to April 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity and educational level and reactivity of HIV and HBsAg test at booking were retrieved using structured proforma and analyzed using Epi Info Version 7. Test for significance using Chi-square was set at a significant level of P<0.05. Results: 3560 patients had HIV and HBsAg screening out of which 148 (4.2%) and 9 (0.3%) respectively were positive. The comorbidity rate in this study was 0.06%. The mean age was 31.5±4.7 years and the mean gestational age at booking was 22.1±6.8 weeks. There was no significant relationship between their age (χ2 = 2.690, p-value=0.442) and parity (χ2 = 3.759, p-value = 0.145) with HIV seropositivity, but these were significant for HBsAg (χ2 = 13.691, p-value = 0.003) (χ2 = 13.121, p-value=0.001). Educational status was significant for HIV (χ2 = 16.188, p-value=0.000) but not for HBsAg (χ2 = 0.229, p-value=0.892). Conclusion: The seroprevalence rate of HIV and HBsAg in this study were low. HIV seroprevalence was significantly affected by lower education, while HBsAg seroprevalence was significantly affected by younger maternal age and nulliparity. Continued screening of pregnant women for these infections remains valuable and further community-based studies to identify risk factors are recommended.

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Prevalence of Seropositive VDRL Cases amongst Pregnant Women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: Is Routine Screening for Syphilis Using VDRL Still Relevant?

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2019/v31i430293 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

P. A. Awoyesuku ◽

D. A. MacPepple ◽

N. J. Kwosah

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

University Teaching ◽

P Value ◽

Seroprevalence Rate ◽

State University ◽

Serological Screening ◽

Specific Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Rivers State

Background: Untreated maternal syphilis is strongly associated with adverse birth outcomes. The WHO recommends routine serological screening in pregnancy. Some workers have advised a reappraisal of this practice, having demonstrated low seroprevalence in their antenatal population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of seropositive VDRL cases amongst pregnant women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) in order to justify the need and cost-effectiveness for continued routine syphilis screening using VDRL alone. Methodology: A retrospective review of hospital and laboratory records of all pregnant women booked for antenatal care (ANC) at RSUTH in a two-year period, from May 2017 to April 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity and educational level, and reactivity of VDRL test at booking were retrieved using structured pro-forma and analyzed using Epi Info Version 7. Test for significance using Chi-square was set at significant level of P<0.05. Results: 3560 clinic patients had VDRL screening out of which 63 were positive. The overall prevalence rate in this study was 1.8%. The mean age was 31.5±4.7 years and the mean gestational age at booking was 22.1±6.8 weeks. There was no significant relationship between their age (χ2 = 0.403, p-value=0.940), parity (χ2 = 3.707, p-value=0.0.157), and educational status (χ2 = 1.853, p-value=0.396), and seropositivity. The cost of VDRL test per patient in RSUTH is $3, to detect the 63 cases the sum of $10,680 was spent. Conclusion: The seroprevalence rate of syphilis in this study was low. Initial screening using VDRL alone is neither justified nor cost effective. Selective screening based on risk factors and specific test with TPHA is recommended.

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Maternal and perinatal outcome in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia at the Rivers State university teaching hospital, Nigeria

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20204784 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 4389

Author(s):

Peter A. Awoyesuku ◽

Dickson H. John ◽

Lewis B. Lebara ◽

Lewis B. Lebara

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Severe Preeclampsia ◽

University Teaching ◽

State University ◽

The Mean ◽

Rivers State

Background: Severe preeclampsia and eclampsia remain a challenge in tropical obstetric practice. It is a major contributor to feto-maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This study seeks to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors and the feto-maternal outcome of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia at the rivers state university teaching hospital (RSUTH).Method: A retrospective study of all women who had severe preeclampsia and eclampsia and were delivered at the RSUTH in a two-year period, 1ST January 2018 to 31ST December 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity, education, booking status, gestational age at delivery, diagnosis, complications, mode of delivery and fetal sex, birth weight and Apgar scores were retrieved using structured pro-forma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: There were 4496 deliveries of which 128 had severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, giving a prevalence of 2.85%. Of these, 94 (73.4%) had severe preeclampsia and 34 (26.6%) had eclampsia. The mean age of the women ± SD was 29.84±5.44 years, median parity was para 1, and mean gestational age ± SD was 35.38±3.84 weeks. There were 10 maternal deaths giving case fatality of 7.8%. The mean birth weight ± SD was 2.61±0.91 kg and stillborn rate was 14.4%. There was significant association with maternal age, education, booking status, method of delivery and Apgar score of the baby.Conclusion: The prevalence in this study is high with associated high maternal mortality and stillborn rates. Timely and appropriate intervention including primary management and judicious termination of pregnancy will reduce mortality of mother and fetus.

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Environmental Health Hazards and Rural Community Development in Abia State of Nigeria

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.20.129 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 129-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.N. Modebelu ◽

Edward Isiwu

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Community Development ◽

State Government ◽

Educational Administration ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

State University ◽

Test Statistics ◽

Anambra State ◽

The Mean ◽

Structured Questionnaire

The study assessed the influence of environmental hazards on the development of rural communities in Abia State. Three research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study was 1,772 executive members of 175 Community Development Associations from where a sample of five hundred and nine executive members from 70 Community Development Associations was drawn. Self-structured questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. It was face validated by two experts in Educational Administration and Educational Measurement/ Evaluation from Abia State University, Uturu. The reliability of the instrument was tested on 25 executive members of Ayamele and Ifite-Ogwari Community Development Associations, both are Local Government Areas in Anambra State. Reliability coefficient of 0.88 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha estimate. The data were analyzed by computing and comparing the mean scores and standard deviation. Also, the null hypotheses were tested using t-test statistics. The findings of the study revealed the influence of deforestation, agricultural development and industries and technology on the environment. The study therefore recommended among others that Abia State Government should organize seminars, workshop and conferences for Community Development Associations executive members and other community leaders on the issues concerning environmental protection.

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Ferritin and transferrin levels of the elderly population at Lagos State university teaching hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20214492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 559

Author(s):

Abdulateef O. Kareem ◽

Akinsegun A. Akinbami ◽

Ebele I. Uche ◽

Aishatu M. Suleiman ◽

Rafah A. Bamiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Blood Count ◽

The Elderly ◽

University Teaching ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

State University ◽

Lagos State ◽

The Mean

Background: The elderly have limited regenerative abilities thus predisposing them to various diseases. Measuring both serum ferritin and transferrin serve as biomarkers of iron deficiency. This study, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) determined the serum levels of ferritin and transferrin in the elderly. Full blood count was also done and correlated with serum ferritin and transferrin levels of every participant.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at the Geriatric Clinic of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH). Following receipt of written consents from ninety (90) elderly participants, venous samples were drawn for full blood count (FBC) and samples for serum ferritin and transferrin ELISA assay collected and stored at -40oC until the required sample size was obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Inc., Chicago, Ill). The Pearson chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. P value was considered to be statistically significant when <0.05. Results: Participants consisted of 50 (55.6%) females and 40 (44.4%) males. The mean age of all participants was 71.31±7.38 years. The Majority, 90% (36 of 40) of the males had haemoglobin values lower than 13 gm/dl, while 66% (33 of 50) of females had haemoglobin values lower than 12 gm/dl. The mean ferritin concentration of all participants was 196.19 ±121.21ng/ml. The overall mean serum transferrin was 0.187±0.157 ng/ml with a minimum of 0.03 ng/ml and a maximum of 1.18 ng/ml.Conclusions: Anaemia in the elderly is very common using the World Health Organization (WHO) haemoglobin cut-off values, however, iron deficiency anaemia prevalence is low.

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Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.v3i12020.138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 250-255

Author(s):

MO Ogiator ◽

JE Ojobi ◽

OO Ijachi

Keyword(s):

Renal Disease ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

End Stage Renal Disease ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

University Teaching ◽

State University ◽

The Mean ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and cardiovascular events. An important determinant of progression in CKD is chronic systemic inflammation which can be evaluated using the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). We aimed to investigate the value of NLR in patients with ESRD compared with healthy subjects. This was a retrospective study that analyzed data from patients with end-stage renal disease and equal number of age and sex matched control (healthy subjects) seen at Benue State University Teaching Hospital Makurdi from October 1st, 2012 to 31st December 2015. Out of the 118 patients studied 70(59.3) were males while 48 (40.7) were females. The mean age of the study population was 45.9 ± 16.4. The mean NLR for patients with ESRD was 3.55± 4.01 while that of healthy subjects was 1.29± 0.25. The mean NLR for patients was 3.47±4.01 for males and 3.68±4.06 for females while for the healthy subjects the mean NLR was 1.30±0.27 for males 1.27±0.22 for females. This study revealed elevated NLR in patients with ESRD. NLR reflects systemic inflammation. The availability of this ratio (NLR) can help improve outcome of patients with CKD.

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Prevalence and predictors of episiotomy and perineal tear at a tertiary hospital in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20204817 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 4595

Author(s):

Peter A. Awoyesuku ◽

Dickson H. John ◽

Basil O. Altraide

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Head Circumference ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

University Teaching ◽

State University ◽

Perineal Tear ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Fetal Birth Weight ◽

The Mean

Background: Despite many years of it being practiced, episiotomy has remained a controversial operation. The rate is on the decline in developed countries but remains high in developing countries. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of episiotomy and perineal tear, and to assess the associated factors, at the Rivers state university teaching hospital (RSUTH).Methods: A retrospective study over a two-year period, from 01 January 2018 to 31 December 2019, was carried out. All women who had singleton spontaneous vaginal deliveries (SVD) with episiotomy or perineal tear at the RSUTH with complete records were included, those with twin delivery and incomplete data were excluded. Data was retrieved from the birth registers and case notes using a proforma. Information on maternal age, parity, gestational age (GA), type of injury, birth weight, head circumference and Apgar scores were extracted. Data were analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.Results: There were 2150 vaginal deliveries, with 440 (20.5%) receiving episiotomy, while 21 (1.0%) had perineal tear. The mean age±standard deviation (SD) was 29.52±4.97 years, median parity was 1, and mean GA±SD was 37.35±1.71 weeks. The mean birth weight±SD was 3.33±0.52 kg and mean head circumference±SD was 34.76±1.90 cm. There was significant association between maternal parity and fetal birth weight with the occurrence of episiotomy and perineal tears.Conclusions: The rate of episiotomy and perineal tear was higher than recommended, with an increasing trend. The lower the parity and the higher the fetal birth weight, the likelihood to receive an episiotomy. More efforts are needed to reduce the rate.

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Prevalence, trend and outcome of twin pregnancy in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Southern Nigeria

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20212641 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 2571

Author(s):

Felix Chikaike Clement Wekere ◽

Dickson H. John ◽

Gift A. F. Clement-Wekere ◽

Rose S. Iwo-Amah

Keyword(s):

Preterm Delivery ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Perinatal Care ◽

Multiple Pregnancy ◽

University Teaching ◽

State University ◽

Live Births ◽

Risk Pregnancy ◽

The Mean ◽

Rivers State

Background: Multiple pregnancy is a high-risk pregnancy associated with a higher maternal and perinatal complications compared to singleton pregnancy. Twinning is the commonest form of multiple pregnancy, and its prevalence varies across the globe, with lowest value in Japan and highest in Nigeria.Methods: The aim of the study was to review twin births in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), to determine its prevalence, trend, and management outcome.Results: During the period under review, there were 13516, and 263 twin births, giving the prevalence of twinning in RSUTH as 19.5 per 1000 live births or 1 in 51 deliveries. The rate of twinning increased from 7.6 per 1000 deliveries in 2015 to 35.7 per 1000 deliveries in 2019. Mean age of patients was 31 SD 4.82 years, 95% CI: 30.42, 31.59, and modal age group was 30-34 years. Patients’ parity ranged from 0 to 7 with modal parity being para-1. Majority (51.7%) had secondary level education, and were Christians. Preterm delivery rate was 62.4%. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.7 SD 2.9 weeks, 95% CI: 35.3, 36.0. The mean birth weights of the first and second twins were 2.39 SD 0.67 and 2.30 SD 0.69 respectively. Majority (92%) of the foetuses were alive at birth. Still birth and perinatal mortality rate were 4.2 and 7.8 per 1000 live births. There was no case of maternal mortality.Conclusions: The rate of twining in our setting is high, with an increasing trend. Most of the parturient had preterm delivery, and improved perinatal care services would ensure best perinatal outcome.

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