Practices and Status of Preparedness of Vulnerable Household in Disaster Management in Disaster Prone Hill Areas of Nepal

Patan Pragya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Raghu Bir Bistha
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
Catchment Areas

Preparedness is called wisdom to reduce disaster risk and its undesired economic loss. It saves to 4 USD, if 1 USD is allocated on preparedness to disaster risk reduction (DRR). Therefore, DRR is considered an effective measure to improve preparedness. This paper examines practices and status of preparedness of vulnerable household in disaster management in disaster prone hill areas of Nepal based on primary data collected household survey of the study area of Sot Khola Catchment Areas: Gadhi, Lekhagaon and Kunathari by using descriptive statistics under explorative and descriptive research design. Its result is existing indigenous knowledge, skill and practices as preparedness measures. Almost households have preferred to move safe place as key preparedness measure of households because of their indigenous knowledge, skill and practice. Its effectiveness is more than other options. Therefore, Nepal as a disaster-prone country has to focus specifically on preparedness from local government to the central government for saving life and economic loss.

scholarly journals “DISASTER RESILIENT SOCIETY WITH YOUTH” PROJECT OF THE CIVIL DEFENCE ORGANIZATION AIMING DISASTER RISKS REDUCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Y. Eker ◽  
M. Yılmabaşar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Civil Defence

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The loss of lives, injuries and the damage on economies that occur as a result of disasters is increasing due to the changing nature. People need to adopt themselves to be able to resist against disasters. Nevertheless, minimizing the costs of disasters can achieved not individually but rather by a well-organized social system. This requires a decentralized disaster management system that would allow participation of not only central authorities but also widespread volunteers. Also, pre-emptive cautions to raise public awareness and capabilities about how to struggle against disasters are very important component of being well organized. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) Civil Defence Organization has constituted the “Disaster Resilient Society with Youth Project” to reduce number of loss of life, injuries and economic loss as global targets envisaged in Sendai Framework for Action. This project is being implemented in line with the objects of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction which is inspired from the principle of “Disaster risk reduction requires an all-of-society engagement and partnership. While the project is managed by Civil Defence Organization, it is implemented by the participation of volunteers. The project is the last phase of a series of projects which have been realized for 35 years in line with the same goal of reducing loss of lives, injuries and economic loss while various concepts targeted to address different levels of the society. The objective of the Project is to firstly choose some individuals and then train them to have disaster consciousness and awareness about disaster management cycle in society. These people would potentially provide support to responding official teams in case of an unexpected disaster. For this reason, the project also involves practical training and practices as complementary to the theoretical education phase. In the first place, a four year road map is determined to improve the project by identifying disruptions and weaknesses compared to similar projects around the world. The establishment of target groups of the Project within youth is important not only to improve the effectiveness of responding phase, but also to maintain a sustainable system for the progression of the Project. In order to encourage and increase the participation of volunteers to the Project, it is planned to issue certificates, badges and prize for those who would be successful during the training phase. In order to achieve the goals of the Project, the project managers seek collaboration of universities, local authorities, central authorities and nongovernmental organizations which are seen as stakeholders.</p>

Community-based Disaster Management and Its Salient Features: A Policy Approach to People-centred Risk Reduction in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
M. Salim Uddin ◽  
Sabrina Zaman ◽  
Mirza Ali Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government

The discourse of disaster management has undergone significant change in recent years, shifting from relief and response to disaster risk reduction (DRR) and community-based management. Organisations and vulnerable countries engaged in DRR have moved from a reactive, top-down mode to proactive, community-focused disaster management. In this article, we focus on how national disaster management policy initiatives in Bangladesh are implementing community-based approaches at the local level and developing cross-scale partnerships to reduce disaster risk and vulnerability, thus enhancing community resilience to disasters. We relied chiefly on secondary data, employing content analysis for reviewing documents, which were supplemented by primary data from two coastal communities in Kalapara Upazila in Patuakhali District. Our findings revealed that to address the country’s vulnerabilities to natural disasters, the Government of Bangladesh has developed and implemented numerous national measures and policies over the years with the aim of strengthening community-focused risk reduction, decentralising disaster management, developing cross-scale partnerships and enhancing community resilience. Communities are working together to achieve an all-hazard management goal, accepting ownership to reduce vulnerability and actively participating in risk-reduction strategies at multiple levels. Community-based disaster preparedness activities are playing a critical role in developing their adaptive capacity and resilience to disasters. Further policy and research are required for a closer examination of the dynamics of community-based disaster management, the role of local-level institutions and community organisations in partnerships and resilience building for successful disaster management.

scholarly journals Climate Change Induced Flood and Landslides and Farmer’s Adapatation Practices in Paddy Production: Evidence of Rural Hilly Nepal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu Bir Bista ◽  
Ranjan Kumar Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptive Behaviors ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Wall Construction ◽  
And Behavior

Climate change is a buzzword in the world. Scientist has approved it as global warming with its projection of undesired and unpredicted frequent extreme events and their vulnerabilities not only at present but also at future. There is an assumption of occurrence of adaptive capacity and behavior of farmers in agriculture production activity at some extent to neutralize climate change vulnerabilities of flood and landslides on paddy production. This paper empirically examines the effects of climate change in paddy production and farmer&rsquo;s adaptive behaviors to neutralize such climatic shocks and events in paddy production by employing CD production function based econometric model. The study employed primary data collected through 642 household surveys. The study finds that climatic shocks and events have huge loss (60%) in paddy production and revenue income in such plot where farmers have not indigenous knowledge and practices. But both small and larger farmers who have adaptive capacity and behavior with their indigenous knowledge have less loss in paddy production and revenue income, although they have heterogeneity in their socio economic characteristics (income, asset holding, literacy, experience, land holding and age). The farmers who have used adaptive behavior have indigenous knowledge and experiences including bamboo wall construction to control flood and landslides and seed change to resist climatic shocks and events. In hilly region, the farmers have not sufficient alternative measures, except both adaptive measures because of their poverty, illiteracy and remote locations. The study finds their higher effective level to minimize vulnerabilities to paddy production and revenue per farm plot, although these adaptive behaviors are cost effective and local entity. Comparatively, bamboo wall construction is more effective measure in the paddy production than others are (seed switch) to minimize the flooding materials from the flood and the landslides. Thus, low cost indigenous adaption behavior of farmers is effective measure to climate change and climate change induced disasters and events vulnerability in paddy production.

scholarly journals The Integration of Indigenous Knowledge for Disaster Risk Reduction Practices through Scientific Knowledge: Cases from Mentawai Islands, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zulfadrim Zulfadrim ◽  
Yusuke Toyoda ◽  
Hidehiko Kanegae
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Mentawai Islands

This study explores the importance of indigenous knowledge for everyday practices of disaster risk reduction and response. Many existing studies have highlighted the need to integrate such knowledge with modern science. Based on ethnographic research in indigenous communities in the Mentawai Islands of Indonesia, this study explores the categorization of indigenous knowledge in the integration process. To that end, primary data were collected through in-depth interviews while secondary data were collected from relevant documents, including books, articles, websites and government and NGO reports. The findings indicate that indigenous knowledge is acquired through long observation and interaction with disasters. Although some of this knowledge is based on successes in other localities, some indigenous knowledge is completely local, homogenous and shared among community members. It was also established that indigenous knowledge can be meaningfully organized into a number of categories, and that indigenous knowledge of a technical nature is more likely to be integrated with scientific knowledge. The research was exploratory and approached indigenous knowledge issues from the point of view of indigenous communities themselves. This approach should be replicated and expanded in other indigenous communities.

Invisible Resilience: Indigenous Knowledge Systems of Earthquake Disaster Management in Kagera Region, Tanzania

Utafiti ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-270
Author(s):  
Herbert Hambati
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
North West ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
The Government ◽  
Global Arena

Abstract Indigenous environmental disaster management systems are maintained in remotely located communities through intergenerational transmission. This fieldwork illuminates a wealth of unprecedented survival techniques, strategies and skills for offsetting the worst effects of a natural disaster in earthquake-prone areas of north-west Tanzania. Normally, responses from the government and its foreign development partners are hamstrung by bureaucratic red tape, taking too long in reaching disaster victims to be of any actual help. The formal mechanisms of global assistance constitute disaster management failure by design. Rather, it is the local experts who sustain human lives in the weeks and months before external aid comes to the rescue. Yet local communities’ contributions to their own survival remain invisible to central government and the global arena. Traditional means of forecasting environmental catastrophes and of providing essential assistance in the aftermath of natural disasters are reflections of cultural values, socio-economic sophistication and scientific expertise within communities whose resilience needs to be recognized, assisted and promoted. Educational curricula of the future, involving a new generation of academicians, should integrate this crucial indigenous knowledge into the nation’s mainstream disaster management framework.

scholarly journals Determinants of Flood Disaster Households’ Vulnerability in Nepal

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu Bir Bista
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Household Vulnerability ◽  
Almost All

Almost all extreme socio economic vulnerabilities relate to natural disasters and its economic loss at household level, along with socio economic characteristics of household. This relationship creates great curiosity estimating determinants and levels of vulnerability at micro level for policy understanding for minimizing household vulnerability. This paper measures empirically the determinants of vulnerability of natural disasters at household level based on primary data sets collected from household survey in Sot Khola water basin by using multiple econometric models. The descriptive analysis shows a huge loss with a worth 13,344,000 Rupees including crops, assets and physical infrastructure. Despite its small worth, life was worst due to loss of house, crops, clean drinking water, electricity, documents, foods, communication, displacement etc. Furthermore, the result of the model shows rural orthodox society having indigenous knowledge and skill, conservative agrarian family, traditional labor force, primitive technology etc. Loss and income of household have positive relationship but labor, early warning and knowledge of disasters have negative relationship. Knowledge of disasters have made household resilient to reduce economic loss and then household vulnerability. Households in the geography of Gadhi and Lekhagaon are more resilient than of Kunathari. Therefore, climate resilience is urgent issue to minimize household vulnerability for household income and welfare.

scholarly journals Climate Change Induced Flood And Landslides And Farmer’s Adapatation Practices In Paddy Production: Evidence Of Rural Hilly Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu BIr Bir Bista
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptive Behaviors ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Wall Construction ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Climate change is a buzzword in the world. Scientist has approved it as global warming with its projection of undesired and unpredicted frequent extreme events and their vulnerabilities not only at present but also at future. There is an assumption of occurrence of adaptive capacity and behavior of farmers in agriculture production activity at some extent to neutralize climate change vulnerabilities of flood and landslides on paddy production. This paper empirically examines the effects of climate change in paddy production and farmer’s adaptive behaviors to neutralize such climatic shocks and events in paddy production by employing CD production function based econometric model. The study employed primary data collected through 642 household surveys. The study finds that climatic shocks and events have huge loss(60%) in paddy production and revenue income in such plot where farmers have not indigenous knowledge and practices. But both small and larger farmers who have adaptive capacity and behavior with their indigenous knowledge have less loss in paddy production and revenue income, although they have heterogeneity in their socio economic characteristics (income, asset holding, literacy, experience, land holding and age). The farmers who have used adaptive behavior have indigenous knowledge and experiences including bamboo wall construction to control flood and landslides and seed change to resist climatic shocks and events. In hilly region, the farmers have not sufficient alternative measures, except both adaptive measures because of their poverty, illiteracy and remote locations. The study finds their higher effective level to minimize vulnerabilities to paddy production and revenue per farm plot, although these adaptive behaviors are cost effective and local entity. Comparatively, bamboo wall construction is more effective measure in the paddy production than others are (seed switch) to minimize the flooding materials from the flood and the landslides. Thus, low cost indigenous adaption behavior of farmers is effective measure to climate change and climate change induced disasters and events vulnerability in paddy production.

scholarly journals Mount Sinabung Eruption Collaboration Model in a Disaster Political Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-48
Author(s):  
Ian Pasaribu ◽  
Fernanda Putra Adela
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Collaboration Model ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
National Disaster ◽  
North Sumatra

This research, explained and analyzed the collaboration model of eruption of Mount Sinabung eruption in a disaster political perspective. Located in Karo District, North Sumatra Province in the last 6 years from 2010-2016 regularly experienced eruptions. There are still countermeasures problems considering there are still obstacles faced by (stakeholders). The formulation of this research is how the cooperation and coordination of stakeholders in the eruption prevention of Mount Sinabung. What is the policy of disaster disasters in North Sumatra that has not succeeded in completing the eruption of Mount Sinabung. The theoretical framework of this study using the concept of cooperation, good governance in disaster management, coordination and disaster management concepts then to analyze researchers has mapped the role of different stakeholders such as the central government, local government, employers, NGOs and the community. This research is a qualitative research with a critical paradigm to explain phenomena and find new models by placing an interview as primary data and books, international journals and national journals. The results of this study indicate that the collaborative model of Sinabung eruption cooperation is coordinating Mount Sinabung stakeholders, eruption disaster management, disaster management policy constraints in North Sumatra that have not succeeded in completing the Sinabung eruption, disaster management policy recommendations for the Mount Sinabung eruption. At the end of the results of this study, the scheme of the model for collaborative disaster management and also explaining the importance of Sinabung became a national disaster

scholarly journals Climate Change and Farmer’s Adaptative Practices in Paddy Production: Evidence Of Rural Hilly Nepal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu Bista
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptive Behaviors ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Wall Construction ◽  
And Behavior

Climate change is a buzzword in the world. Scientist has approved it as global warming with its projection of undesired and unpredicted frequent extreme events and their vulnerabilities not only at present but also at future. There is an assumption of occurrence of adaptive capacity and behavior of farmers in agriculture production activity at some extent to neutralize climate change vulnerabilities of flood and landslides on paddy production. This paper empirically examines the effects of climate change in paddy production and farmer&rsquo;s adaptive behaviors to neutralize such climatic shocks and events in paddy production by employing CD production function based econometric model. The study employed primary data collected through 642 household surveys. The study finds that climatic shocks and events have huge loss (60%) in paddy production and revenue income in such plot where farmers have not indigenous knowledge and practices. But both small and larger farmers who have adaptive capacity and behavior with their indigenous knowledge have less loss in paddy production and revenue income, although they have heterogeneity in their socio-economic characteristics (income, asset holding, literacy, experience, land holding and age). The farmers who have used adaptive behavior have indigenous knowledge and experiences including bamboo wall construction to control flood and landslides and seed change to resist climatic shocks and events. In hilly region, the farmers have not sufficient alternative measures, except both adaptive measures because of their poverty, illiteracy and remote locations. The study finds their higher effective level to minimize vulnerabilities to paddy production and revenue per farm plot, although these adaptive behaviors are cost effective and local entity. Comparatively, bamboo wall construction is more effective measure in the paddy production than others are (seed switch) to minimize the flooding materials from the flood and the landslides. Thus, low cost indigenous adaption behavior of farmers is effective measure to climate change and climate change induced disasters and events vulnerability in paddy production.

Indigenous knowledge and disaster risk reduction

Geography ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Kelman ◽  
Jessica Mercer ◽  
Jc Gaillard
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk
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