Effectiveness of Commonly Used Antibiotics in Combination with Honey Against Bacterial Infection

Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3126/tujm.v7i0.33797 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 51-61

Author(s):

Niraj Shrestha ◽

Shova Shrestha ◽

Bharat Mani Pokharel

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Bacterial Infection ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Acinetobacter Species ◽

The Difference ◽

Antibiotic Combination

Objectives: The study was carried out to compare the inhibitory effects between commonly used antibiotics and bee honey samples, so as to correlate the inhibitory effects between bee honey alone and in combination with antibiotics. Methods: This study was carried out between December 2012 to September 2013. A total of one hundred and twenty-two clinical microbiological specimens and five different floral sourced honey samples were collected between December 2012 to September 2013. Twenty-three multi-drug resistant organisms were selected. Then, AST for commonly used antibiotics, honey alone and combination of honey-antibiotics discs was done. The difference in ZOI of antibiotic contrasting with the antibiotics containing honey were statistically analysed to define the synergism. Results: The inhibition due to honey is variable among bacteria types (F=39.17, p<0.05). From means plot, Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter were recognized as highly susceptible bacteria for honey (Χ = 21.1 ± 6.2 mm and Χ = 18.3 ± 3.3 mm respectively) but Acinetobacter species could not show synergism to honey-antibiotic combination. The tested organisms from Enterobacteriaceae family showed effective susceptibility to Chloramphenicol-honey mixture. Imipenem-honey combination and Gentamicin-honey combination showed significant effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Thus, honey can be used in various bacteria-directed infections and found to be effective in various infections. Incorporation of honey in antibiotics like Chloramphenicol, Imipenem, and Gentamicin work better in healing various infection.

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Drug resistant urinary isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases ◽

10.4103/0974-777x.68547 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 315

Author(s):

Jyoti Sharma ◽

Neelam Gulati ◽

Jagdish Chander

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Acinetobacter Species ◽

Urinary Isolates

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Successful Intratracheal Treatment of Phage and Antibiotic Combination Therapy of a Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Murine Model

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10080946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 946

Author(s):

Christopher Duplessis ◽

Jonathan M. Warawa ◽

Matthew B. Lawrenz ◽

Matthew Henry ◽

Biswajit Biswas

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Phage Therapy ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Additive Effects ◽

Lethal Infection ◽

Phage Cocktail ◽

Antibiotic Combination

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) is a common etiology of bacteria-mediated lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia, hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Given the paucity of novel antibiotics in our foreseeable pipeline, developing novel non-antibiotic antimicrobial therapies saliently targeting drug resistant PsA isolates remains a priority. Lytic bacteriophages (or phages) have come under scrutiny as a potential antimicrobial for refractory bacterial infections. We evaluated intratracheally and intraperitoneally (IP) administered phage therapy (with/without meropenem) in an acute immunocompromised mouse model of multi-drug resistant (MDR) PsA pulmonary infection. The MDR P. aeruginosa respiratory disease model used in these studies was developed to investigate novel therapies that might have efficacy as either monotherapies or as combination therapy with meropenem. Methods: We utilized eight-week-old, 18 g BALB/cJ female mice and an MDR strain of PsA (UNC-D). Mice were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide. We employed a three-phage cocktail targeting PsA (PaAH2ΦP (103), PaBAP5Φ2 (130), and PaΦ (134)), confirmed to exhibit in vitro suppression of the infecting isolate out to 45 h. Suppression was confirmed with phages acting in isolation and in combination with meropenem. Results: IP administration of phage did not protect mice from death. A one-time delivery of phage directly to the lungs via a single intubation-mediated, intratracheal (IMIT) instillation protected mice from lethal infection. Protection was observed despite delaying therapy out to 6 h. Finally, we observed that, by slowing the progression of infection by treatment with a sub-efficacious dose of meropenem, we could protect the mice from lethal infection via IP phage administration coupled to meropenem, observing partial additive effects of phage–antibiotic combination therapy. Conclusions: A personalized phage cocktail administered via IMIT exhibits high therapeutic efficacy, despite delayed treatment of 6 h in a lethal MDR PsA pneumonia model. IP phage alone did not forestall mortality, but exhibited efficacy when combined with meropenem and IMIT-administered phage. These additive effects of combined IP phage and meropenem confirm that phage may indeed reach the lung bed via the systemic circulation and protect mice if the infection is not too acute. Therefore, adjunctive phage therapy with concerted attention to identifying optimal phage targeting of the infecting isolate in vitro may exhibit transformative potential for combating the specter of MDR bacterial infections. Phage should serve as an integral component of a four-pronged approach coupled with antibiotics, source control, and immune optimization.

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1597. Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Meropenem Synergy Testing Against Multi-Drug and Extensively-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1777 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S794-S795

Author(s):

Mary Francine P Chua ◽

Syeda Sara Nida ◽

Jerry Lawhorn ◽

Janak Koirala

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Synergistic Effect ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Additive Effect ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Extensively Drug Resistant ◽

Synergy Testing ◽

Concentration Indices

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) have limited therapeutic options for treatment. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a newer anti-pseudomonal drug effective against resistant PA infections, however resistance against this drug has now also developed and is increasing. In this study, we explored the combination of ceftolozane/tazobactam (CT) and meropenem (MP) as a possible effective regimen against MDR and XDR PA. Methods We obtained 33 non-duplicate isolates of MDR and XDR PA grown from blood, urine and respiratory samples collected from patients admitted between 2015 and 2019 at our two affiliate teaching hospitals. MDR PA was defined as resistance to 3 or more classes of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics, and XDR PA as resistance to all but two or less classes of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics. Antimicrobial preparations of both MP and CT were made according to manufacturer instructions. Susceptibility testing was performed using the checkerboard method in accordance to CLSI guidelines (CLSI M100, 2017). The ATCC 27853 strain of PA used as control. Synergy, additive effect, indifference and antagonism were defined as FIC (fractional inhibitory concentration) indices of ≤0.5, >0.5 to <1, >1 to <4, and >4, respectively. Results Thirteen (39%) of 33 PA isolates were classified as XDR, while 20 (61%) PA isolates were MDR. All isolates were resistant to MP (MIC50 >32 ug/mL), while only 2 (6%) isolates were susceptible to CT (MIC50 64 ug/mL). A synergistic effect was seen in 9 (27.3%) of PA isolates (FIC index range 0.28 to 0.5)— 2 of which were XDR PA, and 7 were MDR PA. An additive effect was seen in 12 (36.4%), with indifference seen in 12 (36.4%) of isolates. In this study, no antagonism was seen when CT and MP were combined. Conclusion When used in combination, CT and MP can exert a synergistic effect against MDR and XDR PA. Additive effect and indifference can also be seen when both antibiotics were used. Moreover, there was no antagonism seen when both antibiotics were combined. This study shows that the use of CT and MP in combination may be an option against XDR and MDR PA infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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An In Vitro Coumarin-Antibiotic Combination Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x20987744 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X2098774

Author(s):

Jinpeng Zou ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Ruiwei Guo ◽

Yu Tang ◽

Zhengrong Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Combination Treatment ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Biofilm Growth ◽

Antibiotic Combination

The drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a worldwide problem due to its great threat to human health. A crude extract of Angelica dahurica has been proved to have antibacterial properties, which suggested that it may be able to inhibit the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa; initial exploration had shown that the crude extract could inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa effectively. After the adaptive dose of coumarin was confirmed to be a potential treatment for the bacteria’s drug resistance, “coumarin-antibiotic combination treatments” (3 coumarins—simple coumarin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin—combined with 2 antibiotics—ampicillin and ceftazidime) were examined to determine their capability to inhibit P. aeruginosa. The final results showed that (1) coumarin with either ampicillin or ceftazidime significantly inhibited the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa; (2) coumarin could directly destroy mature biofilms; and (3) the combination treatment can synergistically enhance the inhibition of biofilm formation, which could significantly reduce the usage of antibiotics and bacterial resistance. To sum up, a coumarin-antibiotic combination treatment may be a potential way to inhibit the biofilm growth of P. aeruginosa and provides a reference for antibiotic resistance treatment.

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Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains-Distribution of the Essential Enzymatic Virulence Factors Genes

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10010008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Tomasz Bogiel ◽

Małgorzata Prażyńska ◽

Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg ◽

Agnieszka Mikucka ◽

Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Alkaline Protease ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Virulence Gene ◽

Hospital Environment ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Virulence Gene Expression ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

The Difference

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most commonly isolated bacteria from clinical specimens, with increasing isolation frequency in nosocomial infections. Herein, we investigated whether antimicrobial-resistant P. aeruginosa strains, e.g., metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing isolates, may possess a reduced number of virulence genes, resulting from appropriate genome management to adapt to a changing hospital environment. Hospital conditions, such as selective pressure, may lead to the replacement of virulence genes by antimicrobial resistance genes that are crucial to survive under current conditions. The study aimed to compare, using PCR, the frequency of the chosen enzymatic virulence factor genes (alkaline protease-aprA, elastase B-lasB, neuraminidases-nan1 and nan2, and both variants of phospholipase C-plcH and plcN) to MBL distribution among 107 non-duplicated carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. The gene encoding alkaline protease was noted with the highest frequency (100%), while the neuraminidase-1 gene was observed in 37.4% of the examined strains. The difference in lasB and nan1 prevalence amongst the MBL-positive and MBL-negative strains, was statistically significant. Although P. aeruginosa virulence is generally more likely determined by the complex regulation of the virulence gene expression, herein, we found differences in the prevalence of various virulence genes in MBL-producers.

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A microfluidic device enabling drug resistance analysis of leukemia cells via coupled dielectrophoretic detection and impedimetric counting

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92647-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yağmur Demircan Yalçın ◽

Taylan Berkin Töral ◽

Sertan Sukas ◽

Ender Yıldırım ◽

Özge Zorlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

K562 Cells ◽

Leukemia Cells ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Wild Type ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

Selection Of ◽

Resistant Cells

AbstractWe report the development of a lab-on-a-chip system, that facilitates coupled dielectrophoretic detection (DEP-D) and impedimetric counting (IM-C), for investigating drug resistance in K562 and CCRF-CEM leukemia cells without (immuno) labeling. Two IM-C units were placed upstream and downstream of the DEP-D unit for enumeration, respectively, before and after the cells were treated in DEP-D unit, where the difference in cell count gave the total number of trapped cells based on their DEP characteristics. Conductivity of the running buffer was matched the conductivity of cytoplasm of wild type K562 and CCRF-CEM cells. Results showed that DEP responses of drug resistant and wild type K562 cells were statistically discriminative (at p = 0.05 level) at 200 mS/m buffer conductivity and at 8.6 MHz working frequency of DEP-D unit. For CCRF-CEM cells, conductivity and frequency values were 160 mS/m and 6.2 MHz, respectively. Our approach enabled discrimination of resistant cells in a group by setting up a threshold provided by the conductivity of running buffer. Subsequent selection of drug resistant cells can be applied to investigate variations in gene expressions and occurrence of mutations related to drug resistance.

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Genomic analysis of an extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST312 harbouring IncU plasmid-mediated blaKPC-2 isolated from ascitic fluid

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

10.1016/j.jgar.2021.03.012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 151-153

Author(s):

Daniela Cristina Tartari ◽

Caetana Paes Zamparette ◽

Graciele Martini ◽

Sandra Christakis ◽

Luiz Henrique Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Ascitic Fluid ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Extensively Drug Resistant

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Draft Genome Sequence of a Clinically Isolated Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00162-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Bhavani Manivannan ◽

Niranjana Mahalingam ◽

Sudhir Jadhao ◽

Amrita Mishra ◽

Pravin Nilawe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Genome Assembly ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Draft Genome Assembly ◽

Extensively Drug Resistant ◽

History Of ◽

Urinary Tuberculosis

We present the draft genome assembly of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain isolated from a patient with a history of genito urinary tuberculosis. The draft genome is 7,022,546 bp with a G+C content of 65.48%. It carries 7 phage genomes, genes for quorum sensing, biofilm formation, virulence, and antibiotic resistance.

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