scholarly journals Røys som fenomen. Rydning eller grav?

AmS-Varia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Astrid Hoelseth Bjørlo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Form Alone ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
A Site ◽  
Site Identification

Cairns in one form or another are the most common type of prehistoric structure encountered during archaeological surveys in Rogaland County, southwestern Norway. In Norway, the responsibility for pre-development archaeological investigations is divided between county archaeologists and regional museums with the former undertaking site identification surveys and the latter carrying out subsequent excavations. Archaeological surveying is typically non-invasive and distinguishing burial cairns from clearance cairns often proves to be a difficult task. It is frequently argued that separating the two categories based on size and form alone is not sufficient. In this article, it is shown that, in addition to visual analysis, an understanding of the surrounding prehistoric landscape within which the cairn is situated is crucial when interpreting these structures. The interpretive utility of new methodologies such as Lidar and analysis of soil identification maps are also highlighted. Arguments are based primarily on data from localities containing cairns encountered during the E39 Ålgård–Hove project carried out in 2016 by Rogaland County, as well as a site excavated by the Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger in 2011.

scholarly journals The two-sided spectacle at the border: Frontex, NGOs and the theatres of sovereignty

2021 ◽  
pp. 136248062110078
Author(s):  
Katja Franko
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Moral Authority ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
The Past ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A Site ◽  
Previous Scholarship

The Southern Mediterranean border has in the past decade become one of the most deeply contested political spaces in Europe and has been described as a site of the border spectacle. Drawing on textual and visual analysis of Twitter messages by two of the most prominent actors in the field, the European Border and Coast Guard Agency, Frontex, and the humanitarian and medical NGO Médecins Sans Frontières, the article examines the split nature of the Mediterranean border which is, among others, visible in radically different narratives about migrants’ journeys, border deaths and living conditions. The findings challenge previous scholarship about convergence of humanitarianism and policing. The two actors are waging a fierce media battle for moral authority, where they use widely diverging strategies of claiming authority, each of which carries a particular set of ethical dilemmas.

scholarly journals SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION OF BENTHIC COMMUNITIES FROM ORTHO-MOSAIC MAPS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pavoni ◽  
M. Corsini ◽  
M. Callieri ◽  
M. Palma ◽  
R. Scopigno
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Marine Organism ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Visual Sampling ◽  
Organism Identification

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Visual sampling techniques represent a valuable resource for a rapid, non-invasive data acquisition for underwater monitoring purposes. Long-term monitoring projects usually requires the collection of large quantities of data, and the visual analysis of a human expert operator remains, in this context, a very time consuming task. It has been estimated that only the 1-2% of the acquired images are later analyzed by scientists (Beijbom et al., 2012). Strategies for the automatic recognition of benthic communities are required to effectively exploit all the information contained in visual data. Supervised learning methods, the most promising classification techniques in this field, are commonly affected by two recurring issues: the wide diversity of marine organism, and the small amount of labeled data.</p><p> In this work, we discuss the advantages offered by the use of annotated high resolution ortho-mosaics of seabed to classify and segment the investigated specimens, and we suggest several strategies to obtain a considerable per-pixel classification performance although the use of a reduced training dataset composed by a single ortho-mosaic. The proposed methodology can be applied to a large number of different species, making the procedure of marine organism identification an highly adaptable task.</p>

scholarly journals Predict Epitranscriptome Targets and Regulatory Functions of N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) Writers and Erasers

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117693431987129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyou Song ◽  
Qingru Xu ◽  
Zhen Wei ◽  
Di Zhen ◽  
Jionglong Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Target Prediction ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Genomic Features ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
A Site ◽  
Site Identification ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

Currently, although many successful bioinformatics efforts have been reported in the epitranscriptomics field for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) site identification, none is focused on the substrate specificity of different m6A-related enzymes, ie, the methyltransferases (writers) and demethylases (erasers). In this work, to untangle the target specificity and the regulatory functions of different RNA m6A writers (METTL3-METT14 and METTL16) and erasers (ALKBH5 and FTO), we extracted 49 genomic features along with the conventional sequence features and used the machine learning approach of random forest to predict their epitranscriptome substrates. Our method achieved reasonable performance on both the writer target prediction (as high as 0.918) and the eraser target prediction (as high as 0.888) in a 5-fold cross-validation, and results of the gene ontology analysis of their preferential targets further revealed the functional relevance of different RNA methylation writers and erasers.

Assessing Terrestrial Laser Scanning in Complex Environments

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Weber ◽  
Terry G. Powis
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Maya Site

AbstractThe majority of terrestrial scanning projects in archaeology have focused on heritage documentation, preservation, and the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of prominent sites and objects. While these are very important archaeological foci, not many have used terrestrial scanning methods for prospection and feature analysis, similar to the way many have employed airborne LiDAR. While airborne LiDAR scanning is able to situate and analyze archaeological sites on an expansive scale, the ground-based method also captures and defines any landscape anomalies or depressions from cultural features that have remained invisible to the naked eye due to environmental restrictions. In an attempt to test this recording method, we set out to paint a non-invasive, 3D digitized picture of the ancient Maya site of Pacbitun, Belize, using terrestrial scanning to distinctly detail Pacbitun’s structures, plazas, causeways, and karst features. This paper details the process through which 3D terrestrial scanning was executed at Pacbitun and three associated peripheral caves during the 2012 and 2013 field seasons. We discuss the potential laser scanning has for visual analysis in archaeology and evaluate application difficulties encountered in the field, as well as current data interpretation issues.

Feeling

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah McNamer
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Middle English Literature ◽  
Sir Gawain ◽  
History Of Emotion ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
A Site ◽  
Opening Up

The past few decades have witnessed a surge of interest in emotion as a subject of study across the disciplines. This has generated important interdisciplinary conversations, opening up new methodologies and new fields, including a field with special relevance to medievalists -- the history of emotion. How can specialists in Middle English literature contribute in more visible and fruitful ways to the history of emotion? This article gestures towards some ways of bridging the disciplinary divide between literature and the history of emotion. It advocates an approach that does not dismiss, but embraces, the "literariness" of literature as a site for the making of emotion in history. It invites Middle English scholars to consider literary texts as scripts for the production of feeling, and it explains how the concepts of performance and performativity can generate new ways of thinking about emotion historically. Finally, it illustrates a method for reading Middle English texts as scripts for the making of emotion in history by analyzing two texts, The Wooing of Our Lord and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, in their historical contexts.

Travelling Through History

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Filippo Lambertucci
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Relationship

The construction of underground urban transport lines in Rome has provoked in the past years the discovery and the destruction of numerous archaeological sites. The last decade has marked a significant cultural change in Italy in the relationship between infrastructure and archaeology, thanks to the development of new methodologies and successful experiences; thanks to the excavations for the construction, it has been possible to realize the largest archaeological campaigns for decades and open new perspectives to the involvement of findings in the structure of the everyday city. The case study of the new metro station San Giovanni ain Rome offers an example for the conservation of heritage through the tools of narration in a site where the archaeological layers have been removed but can still be perceivable thanks to a narrative system that envelops the passenger in a total experience, with a scientifically museum-like rigorous arrangement of information realized according to the speed of commuters.

Analysis of Bystander Behavior Towards Intimate Partner Violence via Peerformance

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098548
Author(s):  
Mieko Yoshihama ◽  
Amy C. Hammock ◽  
Fatmeh Baidoun
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Safety Constraints ◽  
A Site

This study of a South Asian community in the midwestern USA examines what bystanders do when they witness an incident of intimate partner violence (IPV). Because of ethical and safety constraints, in lieu of observation in a natural setting, data were collected at a Peerformance, a peer-led IPV prevention program, using the forum theatre method introduced in Augusto Boal’s Theatre of the Oppressed. Event attendees were invited to respond to an IPV incident enacted by peer educators in which a controlling husband’s behavior escalates to the point of suggesting physical violence. Using a grounded theory approach, we analyzed the videotaped bystander actions while applying pertinent aspects of visual analysis. Event attendees responded in variety of ways, exploring and/or de-escalating the situation, providing information, and encouraging the couple to resolve their conflict and/or seek outside help. They expressed empathy, support, and (dis)agreement with the husband and the wife. Their actions encompassed a number of dimensions: introductory, investigative, supportive/empathic, informational, instructional, instrumental, and confrontational. Participants’ vastly varied responses to IPV within the same scenario suggest difficulty in developing a generic IPV bystander program. The findings also suggest possible directions for developing bystander programs to address IPV. In lieu of prescribing and/or proscribing specific actions in a given risk situation, bystander training can help participants build their repertoire of actions while collectively examining the strengths and limitations of various actions in their sociocultural context. Such bystander training is complex and difficult to manualize; it will involve reflexive and critical discussions and learning and trying out various possible alternatives. A Peerformance is a site of action, a realistic and familiar milieu where community members can imagine and try out interventions that may be different from the norm of indifference and non-intervention. It can open up new possibilities for addressing IPV in diverse communities.

scholarly journals On-Site Identification of Pottery with pXRF: An Example of European and Chinese Red Stonewares

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
Gulsu Simsek Franci ◽  
Philippe Colomban
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Technological Differences ◽  
The One ◽  
Site Identification ◽  
Body Compositions ◽  
Iron And Calcium

The invention of European hard porcelain, which aims at imitating kaolin-containing white paste of Chinese porcelain, had been started by the development of the technology of “red porcelain”, so-called “Jaspisporzellan” by Johann Friedrich Böttger in the early-eighteenth century at Meissen (Saxony). The visual features of the earlier Böttger red stoneware were rather similar to the one produced in Yixing, China. The prominence of Böttger productions allowed the manufacturing to be expanded across Europe to different countries (Holland, England, France, etc.). In this study, the chemical characteristics of nine European unglazed objects produced in England, France, Russia, and Holland from the 17th to 19th century and 10 Chinese (unglazed or enameled) red stoneware have been studied by using an on-site characterization technique pXRF. The results were compared with the previous studies carried out on 25 unglazed, polished, and non-polished Böttger artefacts. This non-invasive, speedy technique allows a methodology to be created for distinguishing the technological differences related to the provenance and authenticity of the artefacts. The elemental measurements explicitly show the significant discrepancy of Dutch objects from the main group, which involves other European and Chinese ones. Both a Lambertus van Eenhoorn (Delft) statue and an Ary de Milde (Delft) teapot are distinguishable from other European red stoneware by the high content of iron and calcium and high content of titanium and potassium, respectively, found in their body compositions. An overall comparison was made between the measurements made at different times in order to evaluate the error range arising from the measurement procedure (e.g., energy resolution of other series of the same instrument model).

scholarly journals Mapping anthropogenic fill with GPR for unmarked grave detection: A case study from a possible location of Mokare’s grave, Albany, Western Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bladon ◽  
Ian Moffat ◽  
David Guilfoyle ◽  
Alice Beale ◽  
Jennifer Milani
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Shallow Subsurface ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Historical Figure ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Colonial Settlement

Geophysical techniques are a commonly used, non-invasive method for the location of unmarked graves. Contrary to popular perception, most studies rely not on directly imaging skeletal material but instead on locating the subsurface disturbance created by grave digging. This approach is effective only when sufficient contrast exists between detectable properties (such as structure, mineralogy or porosity) of the grave fill and the surrounding sediment. Resolving these features can be particularly problematic in disturbed areas where other anthropogenic fill is in place, as it is often complex in character and lacks a natural stratigraphy.In many cultural heritage projects, it is often more important to ensure that burials are not disturbed rather than to specifically locate them. Under these circumstances, ground penetrating radar (GPR) can be used to locate modern anthropogenic fill. This may show which areas of the site are younger than the targeted graves and therefore of no archaeological interest. This approach is trialled on a site thought to contain the grave of Mokare, a significant historical figure in the colonial settlement of the Albany area in Western Australia. The delineation of a package of modern fill in the shallow subsurface in the context of the probable history of earthworks on the site demonstrates that Mokare is not buried in the surveyed location. This approach, applied to suitable sites, could contribute to culturally sensitive non-invasive investigation of burial sites in other locations.

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