scholarly journals Pertanggung Jawaban Pidana Karyawan Korporasi Dalam Tindak Pidana Lingkungan Hidup (Studi Putusan No. 133/Pid.B/2013/PN. MBO)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Andika Try Anantama ◽  
Zaini Munawir ◽  
Rafiqi Rafiqi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Mitigating Circumstances ◽  
Environmental Crimes

Environmental Crimes committed by a person or corporate legal entity often occur around the environment where we live without us knowing it, especially in an environment full of companies that can damage the surrounding environment. The research method used in this study is juridical normative and descriptive analytical nature of the study. The legal regulation on environmental crime, especially regarding forest and land burning is regulated in Article 187 of the Criminal Code, Article 78 paragraph (3) of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry, Article 69, Article 108 and Article 119 of Law Number 32 of 2009 Regarding Environmental Protection and Management, Article 48 of Law Number 18 Year 2004 Plantations. Criminal liability of corporate offenders in imprisonment for 3 (three) years and a fine of Rp. 3,000,000,000 (three billion rupiah), Determine if the fine is not paid replaced with imprisonment for 5 (five) months. Judge's consideration in this decision, that the Defendant violated Article 108 in conjunction with Article 69 paragraph (1) letter (h) jo Article 116 paragraph (1) letter (b) of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management and jo Article 64 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code has several considerations, namely incriminating circumstances and mitigating circumstances.

On the issue of some problems of punishment for committing environmental crimes

2020 ◽  
pp. 348-355
Author(s):  
Mikhail Koltsov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Crimes

The relevance of this work is determined by the fact that that it addresses the problem of punishment for environmental crimes, which provide for criminal liability for the predatory destruction of flora and fauna, depletion of natural resources. We establish that the humanization of criminal liability, carried out in previous years, negatively affects the deterioration of the environmental situation, therefore, the legislator in 2018 and 2019 took certain measures to supplement and change certain provisions of Chapter 26 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. We analyze the possibility of increasing the role of current domestic criminal law provisions designed to solve the problems of protecting the environment from illegal human actions. We note that the implementation of the most effective modern criminal law policy of the state in the analyzed relations requires the solution of such problems as the inclusion in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of new clauses on responsibility for socially dangerous human behavior in the field of ecology, a significant increase in sanctions if the clause for an environmental crime already exists, the transfer of some environmental crimes from a less serious category to a more serious category, and others.

scholarly journals Rola Inspekcji Ochrony Środowiska w zakresie ścigania karnego

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-135
Author(s):  
Marta Jasińska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Criminal Proceedings

According to legal regulation of the criminal proceedings code, non-judicial bodies bear responsibility for conducting preparatory proceedings. Prosecutor as the main body conducts or supervises proceedings. In regard to scope of the regulation, proceedings are conducted by Police or a body with the same eligibility as Police. Aforementioned powers result directly from the criminal code, and also from the Minister for Justice’s ordinance of September 22nd, 2015 regarding bodies that are, along with Police, approved to conduct proceedings. The regulation also regards bodies approved to bring and support accusation to trial in frst instance courts in cases which the proceedings were conducted in, as well as the scope of cases delegable to this bodies. Aforementioned powers result also from special statutes. This deliberation is based on revised statute of Inspection of Environmental Protection which expanses the range of bodies entitled to conduct preparatory proceedings in cases directly determined in the criminal code against environment.

scholarly journals CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR CRIMES AGAINST NATIONAL SECURITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 72-88
Author(s):  
A. Polianskyi ◽  
O. Polianskyi
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
System Method ◽  
Process System

This research paper analyzes the current Legislation of Ukraine in the field of criminal liability for crimes against national security. It is noted that prevention of this type of crime is one of priorities of criminal law policy that aims to preserve national sovereignty and its independence proclaimed by the Constitution of Ukraine, as well as ensuring its economic and information security are the most important functions of the state. Scientific achievements of leading scientists in the field of criminal liability, crimes against national security are analyzed. Their work part changes or additions to relevant provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine has been studied. General scientific (dialectical, systemic) and specific scientific methods became research methods. Dialectical method made it possible to determine the general state and prospects of research on the legal regulation of criminal liability for crimes against national security. Using the system method that was used in the research process, system of legislation of the outlined issue is determined. While analysis of current regulations in force in Ukraine in the field of criminal liability for crimes against national security formal and legal methods were used. Definition by the Basic Law of the country of the most important functions of the state of the issue of protection of sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine ensures this research relevance. Due to the threat posed by aggression in the east, that began in 2014, the crime rate is gaining momentum. The need for enhanced state control and the introduction of effective mechanisms, in terms of strengthening criminal liability for planned crimes is becoming urgent.

scholarly journals Criminal Liability of Legal Entities under the Laws of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Fedorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Special Part ◽  
Yugoslav Republic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Discretionary Powers ◽  
Legal Entities

The article is dedicated to the review of the laws of the Republic of Macedonia (the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) on criminal liability of legal entities established in 2004 by introduction of amendments and supplements to the Criminal Code of the Republic of Macedonia. The article analyzes legal resolutions allowing consideration of a legal entity as a criminal liability subject; gives a scope of legal entities which can be brought to criminal liability; focuses on the fact that legal entities in the Republic of Macedonia may not be brought to criminal liability for any acts acknowledged as punishable by the national criminal laws, rather for the acts which are specifically addressed in the articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Macedonia or other criminal laws. The author reviews such types of criminal sanctions applicable to legal entities as a fine, legal entity liquidation, forfeiture and sentence publication; notes the circumstances taken into account at punishment imposition and conditions for release from punishment as well as criminal and procedural peculiarities of bringing legal entities to liability including indication of broad discretionary powers of a prosecutor in solution of issues on bringing legal entities to criminal liability.

scholarly journals Criminal Liability of Legal Entities under the Laws of the Republic of Slovenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Fedorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Conditional Sentence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Entities

The article is dedicated to review of the laws of the Republic of Slovenia on the criminal liability of legal entities; the main acts are the Special Law on the Liability of Legal Entities for Criminal Offenses of 1999 and the Criminal Code of the Republic of Slovenia. The article reviews statutory resolutions making it possible to review a legal entity as a criminal liability subject; gives a number of persons, which can be brought to criminal liability; focuses on the fact that legal entities can be brought to criminal liability in the Republic of Slovenia for a limited number of acts (crimes) defined by the law; considers criminal sanctions applicable to legal entities: fi ne, forfeiture of property, legal entity liquidation, prohibition to place securities held by a legal entity; reviews the possibility of imposition of a conditional sentence on a legal entity and the security measures applicable to legal entities, including: sentence publication and prohibition to engage in specific commercial activities.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PUTUSAN NOMOR 559/PID.B/2017/PN.BYW. PENGADILAN NEGERI BANYUWANGI TENTANG PENYEBARAN AJARAN KOMUNISME/MARXISME-LENINISME SECARA MELAWAN HUKUM BERDASARKAN PASAL 107A KUHP

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
Andreas Purba ◽  
Firman Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
District Court ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
State Security ◽  
Individual Accountability

Budi Pego was charged with violating Article 107a of Law Number 27 of 1999 concerning Amendment to the Criminal Law Code relating to crimes against State security, because of. Because of these accusations, Budi Pego was charged with a 10-month prison sentence in the Banyuwangi District Court. The problem faced is how criminal liability on the perpetrators of the spread of the teachings of communism in terms of Article 107A of the Criminal Code (case study of decision No. 559 / Pid.B / 2017 / PN.Byw)? The research method used is normative legal research. The results showed that criminal liability on the perpetrators of the spread of the teachings of communism in terms of Article 107A of the Criminal Code in Decision No. 559 / Pid.B / 2017 / PN.Byw. it is inappropriate if this criminal liability model is applied to criminal liability to individuals. Considering that individual accountability still requires actions and mistakes as a basic element of accountability. That is, without any deeds and mistakes, there is no criminal liability. Regarding the Budi Pego case, the policy of criminalizing the ideology of Communism/Marxism-Leninism was decriminalized. If this cannot be done, then the legislators need to revise Law No. 27 of 1999 with the concept of eliminating articles containing formal offenses and replacing them with the formulation of material offenses and in the formulation of the weight of sanctions.

scholarly journals CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF LEGAL ENTITIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Fedorov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Legal Entities

The article is dedicated to the general issues of establishment of the criminal liability of legal entities in the Slovak Republic (Slovakia). Similarity of prerequisites for introduction of such liability in the Slovak Republic is noted. Gradual establishment of criminal liability of legal entities in Slovakia is noted, initially it was by means of amendment of the Criminal Code of Slovakia by Law No. 224/2010, which allows for using such “protective measures” as redemption and deprivation of property in relation to legal entities, then it was by means of adoption of Law No. 91/2016 on criminal liability of legal entities. Basic provisions of the Slovak law on criminal liability of legal entities are considered. The attention is paid to the fact that in the Slovak Republic there is a so-called selective criminalization as to the criminal liability of legal entities, when they can be held criminally liable not for all crimes specified in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Slovakia, but only for those of them, which are specified in the special Law No. 91/2016. A list of crimes, for which criminal liability is possible for legal entities, and conditions under which a crime is admitted to be committed by a legal entity, is specified. It is specified, which types of legal entities are foreseen by the Slovak law, and noted that not all of them can be the subjects of criminal liability according to the national laws. The effect of the criminal law is considered in relation to legal entities that have committed crimes in the territory of the Slovak Republic and outside it. The article contains the description of the types of criminal punishments of legal entities, which include: liquidation of the legal entity; deprivation of property; deprivation; penalty; prohibition to carry out activity; prohibition to receive subsidies and grants; prohibition to receive assistance and support from funds of the European Union; prohibition to participate in state procurement; publication of conviction.

scholarly journals . Problems of legal regulation of combatinig terrorism and prevention of terrorist acts

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Samofalov L.P. ◽  
◽  
Samofalov O.L. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
European Convention ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Terrorist Financing ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
The Law ◽  
Terrorist Acts

The article addresses to the study of problematic issues of legal regulation of combating terrorism and the prevention of terrorist acts. The current state of crime prevention by terrorist groups is comprehensively analyzed. It is established that the range of subjects of anti-terrorist activity is not provided by the current legislation and the corresponding shortcomings that arise during the combating terrorism. It is established that the legal basis for the fight against terrorism is the Constitution of Ukraine, the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Combating Terrorism", other laws of Ukraine, the European Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism of 1977 year, the International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings of 1997 year, the International Convention on the Fight against Terrorist Financing in 1999 year, other international treaties of Ukraine approved by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, decrees of the President of Ukraine, resolutions and orders of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, as well as other regulations adopted to implement the laws of Ukraine. Among the normative legal acts regulating relations in the field of counter-terrorism, one of the prominent places has the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention and Counteraction to Legalization (Laundering) of the Proceeds of Crime, Terrorist Financing and Financial Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction" dated 14 October, 2014. It is proved that among the factors that negatively affect the effectiveness of the investigation of terrorist crimes, the leading place is taken by insufficiently balanced and unfounded state criminal law policy, which over the past few years has gradually lost its state character, becoming hostage to permanent political confrontation. There are many cases of unsystematic and scientifically unsubstantiated changes in certain provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Key words: terrorism, terrorist act, terrorist operation, crimes, subjects, criminal liability.

scholarly journals To the question about the definition of «environmental crime»

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-247
Author(s):  
Elena V Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Environmental Crimes

In this article, on the basis of the analysis of scientific approaches in the theory of criminal law and criminal legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of environmental protection describes some of the problems of the definition of "environmental crimes". It seems the author's definition of "environmental crime".

scholarly journals Problematic issues of qualifying actions encroaching upon persons executing justice or preliminary investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Aleksander Nikolayevich Varygin ◽  
Irina Alekseyevna Efremova ◽  
Vladimir Gennadyevich Gromov ◽  
Pavel Anatolyevich Matushkin ◽  
Anastasiya Mikhaylovna Shuvalova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Methods

A prerequisite for this research is a high public hazard of violent crimes committed against persons executing justice or preliminary investigation since this shakes the foundation of justice and buttress of state power in general. This suggests the need to research the prevention of such crimes using criminal legal methods. The primary goal of the research lies in the analysis of the modern condition and development of relevant proposals to improve the current criminal law of the Russian Federation in terms of regulation of criminal liability for the discussed criminal offenses, which will have a positive effect on their prevention. Research methods: dialectical method of cognition, as well general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, logical, systemic-structural methods) and particular methods of cognition (scientifically statistical, formally legal). The novelty is related to an integrated approach to research the problem of prevention of the discussed offenses and proposals developed on this basis to improve the Russian Federation criminal law, which will increase efficiency in the prevention of these offenses. Results: efficiency of preventing such offenses greatly depends on clear legal regulation of legal norms suggesting criminal liability for committing them. There is a pressing need to complement the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with new wordings of these elements of crimes and changes that would allow formulating a definitive norm clearly defining the scope of persons affected and adopting a Plenum Decree at this stage for this category of criminal cases, which would clarify the implementation of evaluative categories of the discussed elements of crimes.

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