scholarly journals European trends in the development of physical education and sports and their impact on the inhabitants of Bukovina (second half of the nineteenth - early twentieth century.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
S. Dariichuk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Olympic Movement ◽  
Methodological Principles

Highlighted and analyzed European trends in physical education and sports and their impact on the inhabitants of Bukovina. It is considered and proved that the theoretical and practical achievements of scientists and specialists-practitioners of Western European countries, the presence of separate gymnastic systems influenced the development of physical education and sports throughout Europe and, accordingly, in Bukovina. The intensification of activities in the direction of organizing physical culture and health activities and competitions and the development of organizational forms of modern sports life - sports clubs, sections and sports associations (federations, associations, unions) as another trend that influenced the development of physical education of children and youth. Bukovina of the early twentieth century. It is proved that the presence of theoretical and methodological principles of physical education, the formation of national gymnastic systems, including school, their spread in different European countries; restoration and genesis of the Olympic movement, the formation of sport as a social phenomenon and the development of organizational forms of modern sports life - federations, associations, unions; the emergence of professional sports publications are distinguished by European trends that influenced the development of physical education of the population of the region.

scholarly journals STUDENTS’ PHYSICAL QUALITY "JUMPING" IN NON-PHYSICAL EDUCATION UNIVERSITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Valery A. Lopatin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Motor Actions

Students’ physical quality “jumping" in non-physical education university is discussed in the article. Complementary characteristics of "jumping ability" described by scientists in different years are given and literary sources of scientists on this problem are analyzed. The article provides the results of practical research based on the Abalakov’s test for measuring jumping ability among students at elective physical culture lessons and a comparative analysis of the test results is presented. Sport that shows the highest jumping ability as an important component of harmony in human motor actions is revealed. Activities at University sports clubs are recommended.

‘What is a Beautiful Body?’

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 192-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat C. Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Self ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Press ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This article examines the emergence and spread of the ‘sportsman’ genre of Ottoman photography in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century Istanbul. The ‘sportsman photograph’ depicted young men posing shirtless or wearing tight-fitting athletic attire, flexing their muscles and exhibiting their bodies. These images were embedded in a wider set of athletic and leisure activities and constituted novel social and photographic practices. By tracing the deployment of ‘sportsman’ photographs in sports clubs and the press, I argue that they cemented homosocial bonds, normalized and popularized new notions of masculinity, confessionalized the male body and reconfigured the ways in which Ottoman Muslims, Christians and Jews performed and conveyed their commitment to middle-class notions of masculinity and the self.

The Chinese Renaissance: A Transcultural Reading

PMLA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Hu Shi ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Chinese Intellectuals ◽  
European Renaissance

This paper examines the ways in which the idea of renaissance was understood and appropriated by Chinese intellectuals in the early twentieth century. My discussion foregrounds Hu Shi, one of the most important intellectual leaders in modern China and the main architect of the Chinese vernacular movement. I analyze his rewriting and reinvention of the European Renaissance as well as his declaration and presentation of the Chinese Renaissance in various contexts. Hu's creative uses of the Italian Renaissance and passionate claims for a Chinese Renaissance reveal the performative magic of the word renaissance and prompt us to ask what a renaissance is. The Chinese Renaissance and the fact that various non-European countries have declared and promoted their own renaissances invite a scholarly reconsideration of “renaissance” as a trans-cultural phenomenon rather than as a critical category originated and therefore owned by a certain culture.

scholarly journals Girls’ Gymnastics in the Service of the Nation: Educationalisation, Gender and Swedish Gymnastics in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
Johannes Westberg
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Gender

In the nineteenth and early twentieth century, Swedish gymnastics won a large following across the world. Employing the concepts of educationalisation and gender, I will explore how the physical education of girls was conceptualised and justified in the Swedish system during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Focusing on the publications of Anton Santesson (1825–1892), who was one of the main authors on girls’ gymnastics in Sweden, I will show how girls’ gymnastics was conceptualised as a response to a social, cultural and physical crisis, which was perceived as partly stemming from the detrimental effects of education on girls’ bodies and minds. Girls’ gymnastics was thus construed as vital to the future of the Swedish nation. While men and manliness remained fundamental to the strength of the nation, girls’ gymnastics was vital to women’s rearing of boys and thus instrumental to the development of masculinity in men.

Zeybek, The

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Shay
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
The West ◽  
Aegean Region ◽  
Early Twentieth Century

The zeybek is a genre of Turkish folk dance that is closely associated with the Aegean region on the west coast of Anatolian Turkey, although it is found in other regions as well. It can be seen as an early twentieth-century attempt to "modernize" folk dance in Turkey. There are many versions of this dance: Usually, the zeybek is performed by a solo male dancer, though it can also be performed by two or more males. Although less common, there are a few female zeybek dances. There is also a Greek form of the dance, as well as an urban form—the zeibekikos—brought to Greece by Greeks from Izmir (Smyrna). The Ottoman government sent Selim Sırrı Tarcan, one of the earliest researchers of Turkish folk dances, to Sweden in 1909 to study physical education, and there he was struck by the ways in which Swedish instructors choreographed folk dances in a "refined" way. In 1916, he choreographed the zeybek—which he called Tarcan zeybeği—to appeal to a sophisticated urban Turkish audience. However, the modernization of the zeybek dance was never fully embraced in Turkey because of the nationalistic and ethnic appeal that staged traditional folk dances had for Turkish audiences.

scholarly journals Protections, almukhalatat and naturalization, their impact on the historical reality of Muslim- Jewish relations in the nineteenth and early twentieth century in Morocco: نظام الحماية القنصلية والدبلوماسية وتأثيره على العلاقات بين المسلمين واليهود بمغرب القرن التاسع عشر وأوائل القرن العشرين

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aicha ELQORCHI
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Diplomatic Protection ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Prestige

  In the nineteenth and early twentieth century, Morocco suffered as a result of the consular and diplomatic protection system which was a major cause of his fall under the yoke of colonialism, Thus system granted protection to Moroccan citizens, Muslims and Jews, they are exempted from paying taxes and even fail to fulfill their national duties claiming that they provide services for the benefit of those who protect them from consuls and European countries representatives. The danger of this system was manifested in the fact that it was mainly targeted at those who possess the country's greatest influence, Which contributed in damaging the prestige of the “Makhzen” at all levels. Where those who were under the protection outraged against those who weren’t protected, and they succeeded to the extent that the moroccan sultans could not grant rights to their owners due to the intervention of the protecting countries and the threatening to the “Makhzen” militarily if they don’t comply with the demands of those protected. A system that spread throughout the country and led it to move from the protection afforded to individuals to the protection imposed on the State in 1912.

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