scholarly journals Determination of standard cephalometric parameters using the Downs method for Ukrainian adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
M.O. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Normative Basis ◽  
The Difference

The difference in the characteristics of craniofacial structures in different races and ethnicities established in many studies requires the creation of a normative basis for teleroentgenographic indices and indices characteristic for a particular ethnic group. The purpose of the work is to set the cephalometric parameters by W. Downs for young men and women from Podillya region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite and compare the results with the data proposed by the author of the technique. With the device Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with orthognathic bite (normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite) received and analyzed lateral teleroentgenograms. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed in accordance with the recommendations of W. Downs (1948). Anatomical points were determined taking into account recommendations A.E. Athanasiou (1997), S.I. Doroshenko and Y.A. Kulginsky (2007). The statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0” using nonparametric methods for evaluating the obtained results. As a result of the research, virtually no sex differences in cephalometric parameters by W. Downs between adolescents from Podillya with orthognathic bite were found. When comparing the cephalometric parameters obtained by W. Downs from similar figures obtained in Ukrainian young men and women with orthognathic bite, regardless of gender, established significantly lower values of Cant Occlusal Plane (angle POr-DOP) and angle II, as well as significantly higher values were established for angle 1l-DOP, angle 1l-MeGo and distance 1u-APog in Ukrainian young men and women of Podillya. The obtained results indicate the need to create a normative base for cephalometric standards by W. Downs for the population of different regions of Ukraine, taking into account gender and age belonging.

scholarly journals Determination of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognatic bite

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Dmitriev ◽  
I. V. Gunas ◽  
I. V. Dzevulska ◽  
I. V. Zhulkevych
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Normative Basis

To date, there are no clear recommendations on the use of a particular indicator, cephalometric method, normative basis for the inhabitants of Ukraine when assessing the cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane. The purpose of the study - by studying cephalometric indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis - develop in young men and women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane. In 38 young men (aged 17-21 years) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces, lateral teleroentgenograms were obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan). Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of W. B. Downs, J. McNamara, R. A. Holdway, P. F. Schmuth, A. M. Schwarz, C. C. Steiner and C. H. Tweed. In the licensed statistical package "Statistica 6.0", using regression analysis, the following teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane were simulated: the angle YGOCLPl, the angle POR_DOP, the angle POR_OCP, and the SN_OSP angle. It was established that in both young men and women, all four possible models with a determination coefficient from 0.808 to 0.998 in young men and from 0.832 to 0.974 in young women were constructed. In the analysis of models of teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane, depending on the peculiarities of the metric characteristics of the craniofacial complex, it was found that in young men the most frequent regression equations include - the Wits indicator (21.1% for all four equations), the angle AB_NPOG (15.8%) and the distance PN_POG (10.5%). In young women, most often the regression equations include - Wits indicator (17.4% - also to all 4 equations); angle AB_NPOG, distance AFH, angle MM and angle SN_GoGn (by 8.7%). So, using the method of stepwise regression, among Ukrainians of juvenile, based on the features of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane were created.

scholarly journals Regression models of individual cephalometric indicators used in the method of E.P. Harvold

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
A.V. Chernysh ◽  
P.A. Hasiuk ◽  
V.V. Yasko ◽  
D.G. Smolko
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Third ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
The Difference

Many scientific studies have shown the superiority of the Harvold method when performing linear measurements for both the upper and lower jaw. The purpose of the work is to construct and analyze the regression models of teleroentgenographic indices used in the method of E.P. Harvold young men and women with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face. The analysis of lateral teleroentgenograms of 38 young men (aged from 17 to 21) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face, obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), was performed according to the techniques of R.M. Ricketts, C.J. Burstone, E.P. Harvold. In the course of the study, all the indicators of the above methods, were divided into three groups: 1 – metric characteristics of the skull, which usually do not change during surgical and orthodontic treatment; 2 – indicators of the tooth-jaw system that allow people with already formed bone skeleton to change the width, length, angles and position of the bones of the upper and lower jaws; 3 – indicators that characterize the position of each individual tooth relative to each other, to the bony cranial structures and face profile. In the licensed package “Statistica 6.0”, regression models were constructed for the following parameters included in the second group, depending on the parameters of the first group: ANS-Сond (maxillary length in the Harvold method described as TM-ANS), Pog-Cond (mandibular length in the E.P. Harvold method is indicated as TM-PGN), Max-Mand – (difference in jaw lengths); as well as the index included in the third group, depending on the indicators of the first and second groups – Ap1uAp1l-DOP (angle Ap1uAp1l-DOP). In the young men, all three possible reliable models of teleroentgenographic parameters were constructed using the E.P. Harvold method, which were included in the second group, depending on the indicators of the first group (R2 = from 0.616 to 0.940), and in young women only the length of the upper and lower jaws (R2=0.857 and 0.792). In both young men and women, all models of the second group of models built according to the indicators of the first group included the distance P-PTV. Up to two models for young men and one model for young women included the distance Pt-N. Also, one model for young men and women included the angle of the cranial tilt (POr-NBa). Only young women have models for the front length of the skull base (N-CC). As for young men and women, we also built a reliable model of the third group indicator, depending on the indicators of the first and second groups (the angle Ap1uAp1l-DOP) (respectively, R2=0.626 and R2=0.584). And in young men and women, the size of the distance A-B is included to the constructed regression equations. In addition, in young men, the regression equation includes the value of the distance P-PTV; while in young women - the angles of the ANS-Xi-PM, MeGo-NPog and N-CF-A, as well as the difference in jaw lengths Max-Mand.

scholarly journals Determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the face profile in ukrainian young men and girls with orthognathic bite

2018 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
М. О. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Stepwise Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Determination Coefficient ◽  
Normal Occlusion

Modern dentistry requires the definition of individualized values of teleroentgenographic indicators. To solve such problems, methods of regression and correlation analysis are increasingly used, which help to establish not only the existence of various relationships between the anatomical structures of the head and the parameters of the dento-jaw system, but also allow more accurately predict the change in the contour of soft facial tissue in response to orthodontic treatment. The purpose of the study is to develop mathematical models for the determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the facial soft tissues by studying the cephalometric indices of young men and women of Ukraine with normal occlusion and balanced faces and conducting a direct stepwise regression analysis. With the use of Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) from 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusal close to the orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. The cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ licensed software. Cephalometric points and measurements were made according to the recommendations of Downs W. B., Holdway R. A., McNamara J., Schwarz A. M., Schmuth G. P. F., Steiner C. C. and Tweed C. H. With the help of direct stepwise regression analysis, in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0”, regression models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were constructed. In young men with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite of 19 possible models, 11 were constructed with a determination coefficient from 0.638 to 0.930, and in young women – 12 models with a determination coefficient from 0.541 to 0.927. The conducted analysis of models showed that in young men most often the regression equations included – angle N_POG, parameters of which indicate a linear interjaw relation in the anterior-posterior direction (14.0%); angle GL_SNPOG, or index of convexity of the soft tissue profile (8.8%); MAX maxillary length (7.0%), and GL_SN_S index, which defines vertical correlations in the facial profile (5.3%). The young women most often models included – the angle N_POG (12.5%); angle GL_SNPOG (7.5%); soft tissue front angle P_OR_N (6.25%); the reference angle ML_NL and the profile angle T (by 5.0%); the angle AB_NPOG, the angle NBA_PTGN, which defines the direction of development of the mandible and the distance PN_A (3.75%). Thus, in the work with the help of the method of stepwise regression with inclusion, among Ukrainians of adolescence age, based on the characteristics of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were developed and analyzed.

scholarly journals Regression models of individual cephalometric indicators used in the method of R. M. Ricketts

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
A. V. Chernysh
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Third ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Base Of The Skull ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements

It is proved that in the analysis of lateral teleroentgenograms according to different methods distances and angles have their normative indices which differ for persons of different ethnic, gender and age belongings. Therefore, for a full use in the orthodontics R.M. Ricketts method, similar studies are needed in Ukraine. The purpose of the work – in young men and women  with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite and harmonious face construct and analyze the regression models of teleroentgenographic indicators used in the method of R. M. Ricketts. Primary lateral teleroentgenograms of 38 young men (aged 17-21 years) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face, obtained from the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), taken from the bank data of research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Cephalometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of R. M. Ricketts. All indicators were divided into three groups: 1 - metric characteristics of the skull, which usually do not change during surgical and orthodontic treatment; 2 – tooth-jaw indicators, the definition of which most often guided by performing orthodontic manipulations of patients in children and adolescents, as well as those with already formed bone skeleton when orthodontic surgery can change the width, length, angles and position of the bones of the upper and lower jaws; 3 - indicators that characterize the position of each individual tooth relative to each other, to the bony cranial structures and face profile. The regression models of individual teleroentgenographic indicators used in the R.M. Ricketts methodology are constructed using the “Statistica 6.0” licensing package. Constructed all 2 reliable models of the indicators included in the second group (distance Go-CF and Xi-Pm), depending on the indicators of the first group (in young men R2 = 0.884 and 0.928, and in young women - 0.735 and 0.719); as well as in young men, 7 out of 8 possible reliable models (R2 = from 0.568 to 0.887) of the indicators included in the third group (the magnitude of the distances 6u-6l, Overjet, Overbite, 6u-PTV, 1l-APog, 1u-APog and Xi-OcP ) depending on the indicators of the first and second groups; and only 5 models for young women (6u-PTV, 1l-APog, 1u-APog and Xi-OcP distances, and the magnitude of the Max1-APog angle). In the analysis of entering into the regression models of the relevant predictors, it was found that in young men, among the teleroentgenographic indicators of the first group included in the two models of the second group, is the distance P-PTV, and in young women the front length of the base of the skull N-CC and the back of the skull base Ar- Pt It was also found that among young men among the teleroentgenographic indicators of the first and second groups, which were included in the models of the third group, the most frequent is the value of the distance B-Pog (11.1%); while in young women - distance B-Pog (15.6%) and an angle DC-Xi-PM (9.4%).

scholarly journals Determination of normative cephalometric parameters according to the Ricketts method for ukrainian young men and young women with different face types

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-388
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Drachevska ◽  
М. О. Dmitriev ◽  
O. O. Likhitskyi ◽  
I. M. Kyrychenko ◽  
O. S. Barylo
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
People First ◽  
Cephalometric Study ◽  
Facial Types

Annotation. Due to the fact that orthodontic treatment is primarily aimed at young people, first of all, cephalometric standards for its proper use should be obtained for this age group by conducting a study taking into account the sex and nationality of the subjects. The aim of the study was to establish the features of cephalometric parameters by the Ricketts method in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion depending on the type of face and to determine the sex differences of these parameters. 49 young men and 76 young women with orthognathic occlusion in OnyxCeph³™, 3DPro version, Image Instruments GmbH, Germany (license № URSQ-1799) underwent a cephalometric study using the Ricketts method. The division into facial types was performed using the Garson index. As in previous studies, cephalometric parameters were divided into three groups. The analysis of the second (characteristics of jaws by the Ricketts method) and the third (indicators by the Ricketts method that characterize the position of the teeth) groups was performed. Statistical processing of the survey results was performed in the licensed statistical package “Statistica 6.0” using non-parametric evaluation methods. As a result of the conducted researches at young men or young women between different types of face numerous reliable and tendencies of both similar differences, and the corresponding differences of differences of cephalometric parameters according to the Ricketts method concerning the second (higher number) or third groups are established. The pronounced manifestations of sexual dimorphism of cephalometric parameters between young men and young women with the corresponding facial types are established only for the indicators of the second group. The obtained results will improve the existing methods of treatment of dental patients and minimize the likelihood of diagnostic errors and complications.

scholarly journals Cephalometric studies of Ukrainian adolescents with orthognathic bite by the method of E.P. Harvold

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
A. V. Chernysh
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Medical University

According to many numerical literary sources, the modern direction of provision of dental care involves an individual approach to the patient, in particular, based on his gender, age and nationality. This calls for the creation of its own regulatory bases for the population of different countries and ethnic groups, taking into account all possible criteria. The purpose of the study is to establish and analyze the cephalometric parameters by the method of E.P. Harvold in young men and women of Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite. Primary lateral teleroentgenograms of 38 young men and 55 women with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite, obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), were taken from the data bank of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Cephalometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of E.P. Harvold. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the license package "Statistica 6.0" using nonparametric methods of estimating the results. When comparing teleroentgenographic indices between boys and girls of the Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic occlusion, significantly higher values of the length of the upper and lower jaw, lower facial height and interjaw differences in young men were established, and Ap1uAp1l-DOP angle was significantly higher in young women. When comparing these data with the results obtained by E.P. Harvold, the boys and girls of the Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite have significantly lower values of the length of the upper and lower jaw and lower facial height. In addition, Ukrainian young women have significantly higher values of the Ap1uAp1l-DOP angle and a tendency to lower interjaw differences, while in young men, the tendency towards higher values of the cross-sectional angle than the value of these parameters obtained by E. Harvold is established. The results of the study confirm the need to create a normative basis for teleroentgenographic indices by the method of E.P. Harvold for the population of different regions of Ukraine, taking into account both sexual and age affiliation.

scholarly journals Diet, Exercise, Lifestyle, and Mental Distress among Young and Mature Men and Women: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Lina Begdache ◽  
Saloumeh Sadeghzadeh ◽  
Gia Derose ◽  
Cassandra Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Negatively Associated

Customization of mental health therapies needs to consider the differences in degree of brain maturity between young (18–29 years) and mature (30 years or older) adults as well as brain morphology among men and women. The aim of this study was to identify the significant dietary and lifestyle contributors to mental distress in these sub-populations. Independent repeated cross-sectional sampling was performed for over a 5-year period (2014–2019) to collect data from different populations at different time-points and seasons. A backward stepwise regression analysis was used on 2628 records. Mental distress in young women was associated with high consumption of caffeine and fast-food, and it was negatively correlated with moderate-high levels of exercise as well as frequent breakfast consumption. Mature women shared several common factors with young women; however, high fruit consumption was negatively associated with mental distress. For young men, high exercise, moderate consumption of dairy, and moderate-high intake of meat were negatively associated with mental distress. In addition, high fast-food and caffeine consumption were positively associated with mental distress in young men. For mature men, strong negative associations between higher education, moderate intake of nuts and mental distress surfaced. Our results support the need to customize dietary and lifestyle recommendations to improve mental wellbeing.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TELEROENTGENOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS ACCORDING TO THE METHOD OF SCHWARZ A. M. DEPENDING ON THE BASIC CEPHALOMETRIC PARAMETERS IN UKRAINIAN YOUNG MEN AND YOUNG WOMEN WITH DIFFERENT FACE TYPES

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1488-1492
Author(s):  
Аlla V. Маrchenko ◽  
Oleksandr S. Prokopenko ◽  
Іryna V. Dzevulska ◽  
Tatyana R. Zakalata ◽  
Igor V. Gunas
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dental Intervention ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Facial Types

The aim: Is development and analysis of regression models of teleroentgenographic indices according to Schwarz A. M., which can be adjusted during surgery depending on the parameters that usually do not change in Ukrainian young men and young women with with normal occlusion close to orthognathic occlusion and different facial types. Materials and methods: Teleroentgenographic indices were obtained using a dental cone-beam tomograph Veraviewepocs 3D Morita and studied in 49 young men and 76 young women with normal occlusion close to orthognathic. Persons were divided into groups with different face types according to the recommendations of Schwarz A. M. In the license package “Statistica 6.0”, regression models of teleroentgenographic indices were built according to Schwarz A. M. Results: For young men with orthognathic occlusion and with different types of faces according to Schwarz A. M. constructed 10 of 27 possible reliable regression models of the group of teleroentgenographic indicators, which can be corrected during surgical, orthopedic interventions in dentistry depending on the group of basic, invariable cephalometric indicators greater than 0.6 (R2 = from 0.609 to 0.996); and in young women with different face types, 8 of the 27 possible reliable regression models in which the coefficient of determination is greater than 0.6 (R2 = from 0.642 to 0.986). Conclusions: The developed regression models provide the most individualized approach in determining the method and scope of the required dental intervention.

scholarly journals Exploring contraception myths and misconceptions among young men and women in Kwale County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Mwaisaka ◽  
Lianne Gonsalves ◽  
Mary Thiongo ◽  
Michael Waithaka ◽  
Hellen Sidha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Contraceptive Knowledge ◽  
Future Fertility ◽  
Contraceptive Uptake

Abstract Background Myths and misconceptions around modern contraceptives have been associated with low contraceptive uptake in sub-Saharan Africa and Kenya in particular. Addressing persistent contraceptive knowledge gaps can make a significant contribution towards improved contraceptive uptake among young women. This qualitative study therefore sought to explore and understand young people’s knowledge of modern contraception and to identify their key concerns regarding these methods. Methods We used focus group discussions (FGD) with vignette and writing activities to explore key myths and misconceptions around the use of contraceptives. Six FGDs (three for young men and three for young women) were conducted with a total of 28 young women and 30 young men from Kwale County, Kenya. We included 10 discussants aged 18–24 per FGD, one FGD had 8 participants. Predefined codes reflecting the discussion guides and emerging issues in the FGDs were used to develop the thematic coding framework. Our analysis followed a pattern of association on the key preset themes focusing on myths and misconceptions around contraceptive use. Results Results are presented under four key themes: awareness of contraception, myths and misconceptions around contraception, males’ contraceptive narratives and young people’s preferred sources of contraceptives. Both men and women participants reported basic awareness of contraceptives. A mixture of biological and social misconceptions were discussed and included perceptions that modern contraception: jeopardized future fertility, could result in problems conceiving or birth defects, made women promiscuous, was ‘un-African’, and would deny couples their sexual freedom. Compared to female respondents in the study, young men appeared to be strong believers of the perceived socio-cultural effects of contraceptives. On preferred sources of contraceptives, respondents reported on two main sources, pharmacies and public hospitals, however, they could not agree on which one was suitable for them. Conclusions This study revealed the presence of a mixture of biological and social myths and misconceptions around contraception, with young men also strongly adhering to these misconceptions. The low level of contraceptive knowledge, particularly on contraceptive fears as revealed by the study demonstrate critical gaps in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge among young people. Improved SRH literacy to address contraceptives’ fears through appropriate and gender specific interventions to reach out to young men and women with factual SRH information may therefore contribute to increased uptake of SRH services including modern contraceptive methods.

Gender, Family Resources, and Success in Science

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANDRA L. HANSON
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Science Achievement ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Family Resources ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Trajectory Models

This research examines the effect of gender and family resources on success in multiple areas of science. Science experiences are measured using longitudinal science trajectories. Findings show that young women are less likely than young men to persist in science, whether it is science achievement, access, or attitudes. Large numbers of women permanently exit the science pipeline after their sophomore year of high school. However, results from the science trajectory models show that among men and women who are equally qualified, women are not necessarily less likely to persist in science. Results also show that young men have more family resources than young women and some of the total effect of gender on science experiences involves an indirect effect through family resources. In addition, gender interacts with family resources with the effects of many resources being stronger for women than for men.

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