scholarly journals Influence of limestone ameliorants and fertilizers on the winter wheat productivity in crop rotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
V. M. Poliovyi ◽  
L. A. Yashchenko ◽  
H. F. Rovna ◽  
B. V. Huk ◽  
N. O. Yuvchyk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Sulfur Fertilizers

The influence of mineral fertilizer (N120P60K90) with sulfur addition, and foliar dressing by micronutrients, various doses, and types of limestone ameliorants on the formation of the morphological structure and the productivity of winter wheat was shown. The aim of the research was to establish the regularities of various forms and doses of chemical ameliorants in combination with mineral fertilizers influence on the yield of winter wheat on soddy-podzolic soil in the conditions of the West Polyssia. The application of ameliorants on the background of fertilization increased the indicators of the yield structure and plants survival. The highest results were obtained by using 1,5 and 1,0 doses dolomite flour (determined by the hydrolytic acidity) in complex with S40 and foliar dressing with microfertilizer. The obtained results were ear length – 9,0 and 9,2 cm, number of grains in an ear – 41,1 and 41,4 pcs. The mass of 1000 grains were respectively 43,8 and 43,7 g. The death of plants during the vegetation season from germination to harvesting was low – 18,2 and 19,0 %. It was founded that among the studied various doses and forms of limestone ameliorants on the background of N120P60K90, the application of 1,5 doses of dolomite flour contributed to increase pHKCl by 1,93 units (initial data pHKCl 4,47) and to grow up the winter wheat productivity on soddy-podzolic soil. The highest yield a 3,9 and 4,0 t/ha were ensured by the application of 1,5 doses and 1,0 doses dolomite flour in combination with S40 and microfertilizer on the background of N120P60K90. The yield increase to the control (without fertilizers) was 2,61 and 2,71 t/ha, to the background (N120P60K90) – 1,58 and 1,68 t/ha. The addition of sulfur fertilizers (S40) and two-time foliar feeding with Nutrivant Plus Cereals (2 kg/ha) during the spring tillering phase and stem elongation provided an 8% increase in yield.

scholarly journals THE NEW ORGANIC-MINERAL FERTILIZER FOR GRAIN CROPS

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Ivanov ◽  
Zh. A. Ivanova ◽  
I. V. Sokolov ◽  
I. A. Freydkin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
North West ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Organic Mineral

The problem to provide the livestock industry of the North-West of Russia with forage grain has sharply escalated since 2010. Its successful solution is connected with the level and validity of the use of mineral and organic fertilizers. The purpose of the study, started by the Menkovsky Branch of the AFI in 2012, was to find effective options for the use of new organic-mineral fertilizer (OMF) which provides maximum agronomic effect and can produce grain of high quality. The methodological basis was the micro trials in polyethylene vessels without bottoms of 1 × 1 × 0.4 m in size with an artificially formed upper part of the profile of degraded sandy sod-podzolic soil. The soil was of 4.75 рНKCl, 3.46 mmol (eq) of Ng per100g, 3.20 mmol (eq) of Sch per100g, 1.83% of humus, 217 mg / kg of mobile compounds of phosphorus and 92 mg / kg of potassium. In the course of research, there was high agronomic efficiency of its use for winter wheat and satisfactory agronomic efficiency of its use for barley. When the winter wheat variety ‘Moskovskaya 56’ was fertilized with 5 t/ha of organic-mineral fertilizer containing 2.46% of Ng, 4.51% of P₂O₅ and 3.36% of K₂O, grain yield increased in 2.6 times. Fertilized with N75P50K50 the productivity improved in 3.8 times with a payback of 1 kg of NPK 7.4 and 5.6 grain units, respectively. It has been established that the combination of OMF with mineral fertilizers is accompanied by a significant yield increase with a decrease in its relative contribution from 153% to 59% and from 143% to 105% and a payback of 1 kg of NPK from 3.8 to 2.6 and from 6.9 to 4.7 of barley grain units and winter wheat grain units, respectively. The best indicators of the agronomic efficiency of OMF, both when applied in pure form and when fertilized with N75P50K50, corresponded to a dose of 4 t / ha. It has been found that the addition of 10 kg of potassium (К₂О) per 1 ton to OMF provided yield increase on 15% and the payback period of 1 kg NPK increased from 6.4 to 8.4 grain units. Qualitative indicators of wheat and barley grain fertilized with OMF improved due to the rise of raw protein percentage on 8–27% and a number of ash elements, such as CaO (from 0.07 to 0.11 mg/kg), MgO (from 0.16 to 0.21 mg/kg), Zn (from 21.5 to 23.6 mg/kg). 

scholarly journals Effect of Lupine Straw on Potato Yield and Biological State of Soddy-Podzolic Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
I. Rusakova
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
General Level ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Leguminous Crops

Post-harvest plant residues, mainly straw of cereals and legumes, are the most important readily available biological resource for the reproduction of soil fertility. However, the data on their effectiveness and influence on the biological properties of the soil in the scientific literature are not unambiguous and contradictory. The results of long-term experiments on the study of the effectiveness of post-harvest residues of various crops are very few. The role of lupine as a green manure for increasing the productivity of potatoes is well studied, however, there are practically no data on the effect of lupine straw grown for grain on potato productivity. Studies in a long-term field experiment have established that the incorporation of lupine straw into the soil (against the background of the previous long-term introduction of straw of grain and leguminous crops of grain-tilled crop rotation), both in combination with mineral fertilizers and in pure form, contributed to an increase in the number of ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms, microbial biomass, nitrification activity of soddy-podzolic soil. The activation of microbial activity, increasing the supply of plants with available nutrients, promoted an increase in potato productivity, as well as an increase in the content of vitamin C and starchiness of tubers. A close correlation was noted between potato yield and determined microbiological parameters (r = 0.62–0.87), which indicates that the general level of biogenicity of soddy-podzolic soil, regulated by the introduction of straw of grain and leguminous crops, largely determines the level of its effective fertility and crop productivity.

INFLUENCE OF THE METHOD OF PROCESSING LIGHT-GRAY FOREST SOILS ON THE CLOVER LAYER OF THE FIRST YEAR OF USE ON THE YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT OF « MOSKOVSKAYA 39 VARIETY» IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Е. V. Mikhalev ◽  
◽  
N.А. Borisov ◽  
N. А. Mineeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Traditional Technology ◽  
No Till ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The research aim is to identify the most energy-saving and cost-effective technology for winter wheat cultivation. The maximum moisture content of soil was recorded when it was processed using Mini-till technology – from 17.2% to 17.9%, and the lowest - with traditional technology – from 15.7% to 16.4%. The lowest soil density with traditional winter wheat technology is both on the background with fertilizer (1.18%) and on the background without fertilizer (1.21%). The lowest contamination of crops with traditional technology without mineral fertilizers (42 pcs/м2). With the Mini-till technology, the total blockage increased to 51pcs/м2, and with the No-till technology, it was maximum- 128 pcs/м2. Against the mineral fertilizers, the same tendency of total blockage-from – from 40 pcs/м2 to 132 pcs/м2, respectively. With No-till technology, the total plant damage increased from 17.0 % to 14.6 %, with traditional treatment – from 12.4% to 10.1%, and with Mini-till technology-from 12.7% to 9.6%. The yield of winter wheat when using traditional plowing against the background of mineral fertilizer is 3.59 t / ha, and against the background without mineral fertilizer – 2.24 t / ha. The yield of Mini-till technology for mineral background is 3.13 t / ha, and without fertilizers-1.81 t / ha. With the No-till technology, the winter wheat yield is 1.69 t/ha, and without fertilizers – 1.11 t/ha. The highest level of profitability with Mini-till technology against the background of mineral fertilizers-73.2%.

Increasing of wheat grain yield by use of a liquid fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Tsotne Samadashvili ◽  
Gulnari Chkhutiashvili ◽  
Mirian Chokheli ◽  
Zoia Sikharulidze ◽  
Qetevan Nacarishvili
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer

Wheat is a vital crop in Georgia and in the world. Because of the increase in the rate of population growth, improving the grain yield is the way to meet food demand. Proper crop nutrition plays a vital role in maintaining the world’s food supply. Fertilizer is essential for accomplishing this.One of the most important means for increasing the wheat yield is fertilizer, especially, organic fertilizer. The present research was carried out to study the effects of different doses (150ml, 200ml and 300 ml on ha) of humic organic fertilizer “Ecorost” on yield of winter wheat cultivar “Tbilisuri 15”. The humic liquid fertilizer "Ecorost" is a peat-based organic-mineral fertilizer. The product is active and saturated due to the use of the latest technology and living bacteria found in peat. The field trials were conducted in 2017-2019 at the Experimental Site of Scientific Research Center of Agriculture in Dedopliskharo- arid region (Eastern Georgia).Liquid fertilizer was applied two times: in tillering stage in early spring and two weeks after - in stem elongation stage. Results indicated that the highest wheat grain yield (4t/ha) was achieved when the plants were fertilized with 300 ml on 1 ha ofEcorost. Applications of liquid fertilizer “Ecorost” increased grain yield of winter wheat by 16.2% in comparison with standard nitrogen fertilization. Thus, liquid fertilizer “Ecorost” had a significant effect on wheat grain yield compared to control standard nitrogen fertilizer.

scholarly journals Efficiency of forms and terms of zinc application in the winter wheat fields

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
A. Kryvenko ◽  
S. Burykina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Zinc Application

To improve the technology of winter wheat cultivation it becomes more relevant to discuss the issue of enhancing crop microelement nutrition, which is very important when mineral fertilizers are applied at a higher rate than the one accepted in the zone. Chornozem (black) soils in general, and southern ones in particular, have a neutral or slight alkaline response, i.e. most of the microelements are slow movable and in fact are not available for the plants. The efficiency of the microelement application uppermost affected by the form they are in. Recent experiments prove that the most efficient form of microelement transportation to the plants is complex compounds of metals with organic ligands – chelates. The most common chelators are organic acids with carboxyl groups: ethylendiamintetraacetic (EDTA), diethylentryaminpentaacetic (DTPA), dihydroxybutylendiamintetraacetic (DBTA), ethylendiamindisuccinic (EDDA); phosphonic acids – oxyethylendendiphosphonic (OEDF) and nitryltrymethylenphosphonic (NTF). The research aims to study the effect of forms and ways of zinc application on the yield formation and grain quality of soft winter wheat on the southern chornozems (black soils). The experiments were carried out on southern chornozems, low-humus heavy loamy well-cultivated. The size of a sown plot is 120 m2, that of a record one is 50 m2, replication is fourfold. Fertilizers were applied in a form of ammonium nitrate, granulated superphosphate and potassium salt, and also superphosphate with zinc complexonate (0.75 %). Vegetative winter wheat fields were treated with the solutions of zinc salts with help of a manual sprayer. An experiment scheme was given when the results were presented. Black fallow was the predecessor of winter wheat, cv. Knopa. The efficiency of microelement was studied when it was applied in the form of zinc sulfate, chelate form, where oxyethylendendiphosphonic (OEDF) oxyethylendendiphosphonic (OEDF), superphosphate with zinc chelate on OEDF basis were used as ligand (0.75 %) Monitoring and analyzing were done according to the conventional methods in compliance with a standard technique. Statistical processing of the received results was done using a package of applied software Excel and Statistika, the methods of dispersive, correlative and regressive analyses. When N90P60K40, which contained superphosphate modified with zinc complexonate based on OEDF, was applied, the yield increase was 20.2 % as compared with the variant without fertilizers, including 6.4 % – due to zinc. It is advisable to apply zinc in the form of its complexonate with OEDF, the yield increase is 0.15 cwt/ha, as compared with zinc sulfate, and a share of the effect of this factor is 14.0 %. The application of zinc complexonate under pre-sowing cultivation at a rate of 2.0 kg/ha had no benefit over one-time treatment of the plants at the phase of tillering at a rate 250 g/ha, but doing this treatment at a phase of shooting resulted in a serious yield increase (0.20 t/ha at SSD 0.95 = 0.18). Foliar application with the solution of zinc complexonate (250 g/ha) increases the grain yield of winter wheat with the highest effect from a two-time treatment at tillering and shooting phases; the increase ranges from 0.20 to 0.54 t/ha. The efficiency of Zn application by 75.7-96.0% in arid conditions of the south of Ukraine is defined by hydrothermal conditions of spring vegetation, and a microelement helps winter wheat plants develop resistance to a temperature stress. A grain zinc concentration in the experimental variants ranged from 18.4 to 22.1 mg/kg (in the control it was 14.5 mg/kg). Key words: zinc, winter wheat, vegetation phases, quality, southern chornozem.

NITROGEN FLOWS IN AGROPHYTOCENOSIS ON SODDY-PODZOLIC SOIL (research with 15n )

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
А. А. Zavalin ◽  
О. А. Sokolov ◽  
N. Ya. Shmyreva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Stress Mode ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

Micro-field experiment was carried out with the application of oats and timothy biomass, and nitrogen fertilizer marked by stable isotope of the 15N, and manure for the use of nitrogen by plants, and the flows of this element were analyzed in the system "fertilizer -soil-atmosphere". It was found that the barley consumes the most amount fertilizer nitrogen and soil nitrogen when applying a nitrogen mineral fertilizer; the consumption of the oats and timothy nitrogen biomass decreases by 18-36% and 6-36% respectively. Application of the oats and timothy biomass increases nitrogen immobilization in the soil and agrophytocenose resistance from 1.6 to 1.8 times, decreases gaseous losses of their nitrogen from 1.4 to 2.0 times in comparison with nitrogen fertilizer (stress mode). Manure application decreases nitrogen losses from the oats and timothy biomass by 1.6 times. Maximum yield of grain the barley forms when using nitrogen fertilizer as a result of its access in the soil. Application the cereal crops biomass either separately, or along with manure reduces the yield of barley by 30-13% compared with nitrogen fertilizers, which affect nitrogen flows in the agroecosystem.

EFFECT OF BENTONITE CLAY ON THE IRRIGATION NORM OF WINTER WHEAT

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
S Abdurakhmonov ◽  
I Abdullayev
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Bentonite Clays

In the experiments conducted on typical serozem soils in the Tashkent region, two soil moisture levels of 60-70-60 and 70-80-70% of LFMC were studied, and two norms of mineral fertilizers NPK: 200-140-100 and 150-105-75 kg/ha with additional application of bentonite clays in the amount of 1500-3000-4500 kg/ha for plowing before sowing of winter wheat. The obtained data show that when watering with soil moisture 60-70-60% of LFMC with application of mineral fertilizers with NPK norms: 200-140-100 and 150-105-75 kg/ha and application of bentonite clays in the amount of 1500, 3000 and 4500 kg/ha, the saving of irrigation water in comparison with the control variant, respectively, amounted to 770 m3/ha, 810 m3/ha and 850 m3/ha, and the grain yield increase of 6,9-8,8-10,1 c/ha from the norm of mineral NPK fertilizers: 200-140-100 kg/ha, and an increase in the grain yield of 11,3-13,4-14,7 centner/ha from the norm of mineral fertilizers NPK: 150-105-75 kg/ha. Carrying out irrigations with soil moisture of 70-80-70% of LFMC with the use of mineral fertilizers together with bentonite clay in the amount of 1500-3000-4500 kg/ha, the saving of irrigation water in comparison with the control was 630 m3/ha, 790 m3/ha and 890 m3/ha, where the increase in the grain yield increased 6,3-8,9-10,7 c/ha with the norm of mineral fertilizers NPK: 200-140-100 kg/ha, and 10,4-12,9-14,6 centners per hectare with the norm of mineral fertilizers NPK: 150-105-75 kg/ha.

INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS CONSEQUENCES AND MELIORANTSON WINTER WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF ASKERAN REGION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Ерицян ◽  
Sergey Eritsyan ◽  
Фарсиян ◽  
Narine Farsiyan
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The purpose of research is to identify the influence of the fertilizers aftereffect and ameliorator for yield formation and quality of winter wheat grain Bezostaya 1after predecessor (potatoes) in the unirrigated soils of the Askeran region of NKR in 2011-2014. It should be noted that the winter wheat in the region is an advanced crop, but due to lack of irrigation water and the lack of rainfall is often collected by low yields. Research has established that the aftereffect of fertilizers and meliorants noticeable effect for growth, grain quality and yield formation, the amount of which depends from the application of the system of fertilizer. It is proved that more weak effect preserved when under a precursor have been made only mineral fertilizers (N90P90K90), where as potassium fertilizer was used potash (N90P90K90 option), and when on the same background was used gypsum or bentonite. If in the system N90P90K90 fertilizer (KCl) instead of KCl was used treated dacitic tuff (OTD) or on the same MM backdrop bio-fertilizer, as well as an option manure 30 t/ha + N90P90K90 (KCl), the consequence was significant. In these embodiments, the yield increase compared to control 1 (no fertilizer) was 30.2-57.2%, as compared to the control 2 (N90P90K90 option (KCl) – 10.8-30.6%. In these embodiments, the content of NPK was high in the grain: 1.90-2.15% N; 0.93-0.97% P2O5 and 0.77-0.85% K2O, whereas in the control 1 1.78% nitrogen, phosphorus – 0.69%, 0.53% potassium, and in control 2, accordingly – 1.80%, 0.81%, 0.65%.

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